Impact of solid waste on groundwater quality in selected dumpsites in AkwaIbom State, Nigeria using resistivity and hydrochemical data

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 164 Sayı: 164, 231 - 249, 15.04.2021

Abraham Christopher Udoh Augustine Ifeanyi Chınwuko Ajana Godwin Onwuemesı Emmanuel Kenechukwu Anakwuba Augustine Oyonga Oyonga Ayatu Ojonugwa Usman

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.753240

Cited By: 3

Öz

This study examines the impact of solid waste on groundwater quality around three municipal dumpsites in AkwaIbom State, Nigeria using resistivity and hydrochemical data. Thirty vertical electrical soundings and ten electrical resistivity tomography data were acquired across the area using Schlumberger array. The resistivity data which were analyzed with the aid of IPI2WIN software formed the input data for estimating and modeling leachate parameters. Twelve groundwater samples collected around the area were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The leachate parameters computed from resistivity interpretation across the area show thickness (2 to 56 m); hydraulic conductivity (6.19 to 24.7 m/day); transmissivity (96.63 to 1351.18 m²/day) and erodibility (104.36 to 2948.94 m/day). The hydrochemical analyses reveal elevated values of Total Dissolved Solids, Cadmium and high electrical conductivity within the area. The leachate migration paths trend predominantly in NW-SE and NE-SW directions at Uyo and Oron, respectively. The hydrogeological risk models reveal that the static water level crisscrosses the leachate at 35 m in Oron, while Uyo area has 25 m gap between the leachate and the static water levels. The study concludes that Oron dumpsites really contaminated the groundwater quality and makes it unfit for the dwellers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Schlumberger array, VES curve, Leachate, Transmissivity, Hydrogeological risk model.

Teşekkür

We acknowledged AkwaIbom State Ministry of Environment, the State Waste Management Board and Ikot Ekpene Club for their permission during the data acquisition of this present research.

Kaynakça

• Adeeko, T.O., Samson, D.O., Umar, M. 2019. Geophysical Survey of Basement Complex Terrain Using Electrical Resistivity Method for Groundwater Potential.World News of Natural Sciences (WNOFNS) 23(1), 154-165.
• Amadi, S.C., Onwuemesi, A.G., Anakwuba, E.K., Chinwuko, A.I., Okeke, H.C. 2017. Estimation of Aquifer Hydraulic Characteristics from Surface Geo-Electrical Sounding of Affa And Environs Southeastern, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics 5(4), 14- 25.
• Anakwuba, E.K., Nwokeabia, C.N., Chinwuko, A.I., Onyekwelu, C.U. 2014. Hydrogeophysical assessment of some parts of Anambra basin, Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 2(2), 72-81.
• Chinwuko, A.I., Anakwuba, E.K., Okeke, H.C., Usman, A.O., Ovwasa, M.O., Okoye, I. F. 2015. Geo-electric Investigation for Groundwater Potential in Awka Anambra State, Nigeria. International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability l (1), 85-95.
• Christensen, T.H., Cossu, R., Stegmann, R. 1992. Landfill of waste. Elsevier Science publisher Ltd, England, 656p.
• Dahlin,T., Rosqvist,H., Leroux, V. 2010. Resistivity – IP mapping for landfill applications. First Break 28(8), 101-105.
• Edet, A.E. 2017. Hydrogeology and groundwater evaluation of a shallow coastal aquifer, southern AkwaIbom State, Nigeria. Springer Open 7(5), 2397-2412.
• Edet, A.E., Okereke, C.S. 2002. Delineation of shallow groundwater aquifers in the Coastal plain sands of Calabar area (Southern Nigeria) using surface resistivity and hydrogeological data. Journal of African Earth Sciences 35(3), 433-443.
• Ekwe, A.C., Opara, A.I. 2012. Aquifer Transmissivity from Surface Geo-electrical Data: A Case Study of Owerri and Environs, Southeastern Nigeria. Journal Geological Society of India 80, 123-128.
• Ezeh, C.C. 2011. Geoelectrical studies for estimating aquifer hydraulic properties in Enugu State, Nigeria. International Journal of the Physical Sciences 6(14), 3319-3329.
• Freeze, R.A., Cherry J.A. 1975. Groundwater, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 604 pp.
• Frohlich, R.K., Barosh, P.J., Boving, T.B. 2008. Investigating changes of electrical characteristics of thesaturated zone affected by hazardous organic waste. Journal of Applied Geophysics 64(1), 25-36.
• Heigold, P.C., Gilkeson, R.H., Cartwright, K., Reed, P.C. 1979. Aquifer transmissivity from surficial electrical methods. Groundwater 17(4), 338-345.
• Mbipom, E.M., Okwueze, E.E., Onwuegbuche, A.A. 1996. Estimation of transmissivity using VES data from the Mbaise area of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Physics 85, 28-32.
• Nfor, B. N., Olobaniyi, S. B., Ogala, J. E. 2007. Extent and distribution of groundwater resources in parts of Anambra state Southeastern, Nigeria. Department of geology, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental 11(2), 215 – 221.
• Nigerian Geological Survey Agengy, 2006, Geological Map of Nigeria, 1:2 million scale.
• Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality. 2015. A Unit of Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS)- Guidelinesfor drinking water uses, Abuja, Nigeria, 28p.
• Niwas, S., Singhal D.C. 1981. Aquifer transmissivity of porous media from Dar-Zarrouk parameters inporous media. Journal of Hydrology 82, 143-153.
• Nwajide, C. S. 2013. Geology of Nigeria’s Sedimentary Basins. CSS Bookshop Limited, 347p.
• Obiora, D.N., Ibuot, J.C., George, N.J. 2016. Evaluation of aquifer potential, geoelectric and hydraulic parameters in Ezza North, Southeastern Nigeria, using geoelectric sounding. Int. Journ Environ Sci Technol 13, 435-444.
• Ogwueleka, T. 2009. Municipal solid waste characteristics and management in Nigeria. Iran Journal of Environmental Health, Science and Engineering 6(3),173-180.
• Okafor, P., Mamah, L.I. 2012. Integration of geophysical techniques for groundwater potentialinvestigation in Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria. The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology 13(2), 463-474.
• Olofsson, B., Jernberg, H., Rosenqvist, A. 2005. Tracing leachates of waste sites using geophysical and geochemical modelling. Environmental Geology 49(5), 720-732.
• Onwuemesi, A.G., Egboka, B.C.E. 2006. 2-D Polynomial curve fitting techniques on watertable, and hydraulic gradients estimations in parts of Anambra basin, Southeastern Nigeria. Natural and Applied Sci. Journal 7(2), 6-13.
• Oseji, J.O., Ujuanbi, O. 2009. Hydrogeological investigation of groundwater potential in Emu Kingdom, Ndokwa land of Delta State, Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Sciences 4(5), 275-284.
• Shaibu, I.,Udensi, E. E., Chinwuko, A.I.,Usman, D. A., Adetona, A. A., Omale, M.E. 2018. Geophysical Investigation of Groundwater Potential in Millennium City Housing Estate Kaduna, Nigeria using Electrical Resistivity Method. Kada Journal of Physics 2(1), 14-22.
• Singh, A., Sharma, S.P., Akca, I., Baranwal, V.C. (2018). Fuzzy constrained Lp-norm inversion of direct current resistivity data. Geophysics 83(1), E11-E24.
• Ugbaja,A.N., Edet, A.E. 2004. Groundwater pollution near shallow waste dumps in Southern Calabar, South-eastern Nigeria. Global Journal of Geological Sciences 2(2), 199-206.
• Utom, A.U., Odoh, B. I., Okoro, A.U. 2012. Estimation of Aquifer Transmissivity Using Dar Zarrouk Parameters Derived from Surface Resistivity Measurements: A Case History from Parts of Enugu Town (Nigeria). Journal of Water Resource and Protection 4, 993-1000.
• Wunderlich, T., Fischer, P., Wilken, D., Hadler, H., Erkul, E., Mecking, R., Gunther, T., Heinzelmann, M., Vott, A., Rabbel, W. 2018. Constraining electric resistivity tomography by direct push electric conductivity logs and vibracores: An exemplary study of the Fiume Morto silted riverbed (Ostia Antica, Western Italy). Geophysics 83(3), B87-B103.