Bitki Paraziti Nematodlarla Mücadelede Kullanılan Nematisitlerin Etki Mekanizmaları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 2, 483 - 498, 01.12.2021

İbrahim Mıstanoğlu Gülsüm Uysal Zübeyir Devran

Öz

Bitki paraziti nematodlar, özellikle tropikal ve subtropikal bölgelerde, birçok bitkide zararlara neden olan ve ekonomik kayba yol açan obligat parazitlerdir. Bu zararlıların neden olduğu kayıpları önlemek için kimyasal nematisitler yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte artan çevre bilinci sonucu birçok nematisit yasaklanmış ya da kullanımı sınırlandırılmıştır. Tarımsal endüstride daha güvenli, daha az toksik ve daha seçici ürünlere yönelik talep artmakta ve son yıllarda yeni nesil nematisitlerin geliştirilmesi konusunda yoğun araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu derlemede kullanım miktarı ve tarımsal üretimdeki önemi gün geçtikçe artan kimyasal nematisitlerin etki mekanizmaları hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. IRAC’ın yapmış olduğu sınıflandırma temel alınarak kimyasal nematisitler; Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitörleri, Glutamat reseptörü klor kanalı üzerinde etkili olanlar, Mitokondriyal kompleks II elektron taşıyıcı inhibitörleri, Acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitörleri, etkinliği bilinmeyen bileşikler ve etkinliği bilinmeyen çoklu bölge inhibitörleri olmak üzere 6 başlıkta incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bitki paraziti nematodlar, etki mekanizması, IRAC, Kimyasal Mücadele, nematisit

Mode of Action of Nematicides Used in The Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes

Öz

Plant parasitic nematodes are obligate parasitic pests that cause damage to many plants and cause
economic loss, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical nematicides are widely used to prevent losses caused by these pests. However, as a result of increased environmental awareness, many nematicides have been banned or their use has been restricted. In recent years, there is a demand for safer, less toxic and more selective products in the agricultural industry and intensive research has been carried out on the development of new generation nematicides. In this review, it is aimed to give information about the mode of action of chemical nematicides, which increase the amount of use and importance in agricultural production day by day. Chemical nematicides based on the classification made by IRAC have been examined under 6 titles as Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators, Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase, Unknown and Presumed multi-site inhibitor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plant parasitic nematodes, mode of action, IRAC, chemical management, nematicide

Kaynakça

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