Armut (Pyrus communis L.) Bahçelerinde Toprakta Bulunan Bor Fraksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 377 - 400, 01.12.2022

Serhat Gürel , Haluk Başar

https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.987388

Öz

Bu çalışma, armut ağaçlarının bulunduğu topraklarda çeşitli bor (B) fraksiyonlarının araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye'nin Bursa yöresindeki “Deveci” ve “Santa Maria” armut (Pyrus communis L.) çeşitleri bulunan bahçelerde yürütülmüş, toprak örnekleri 0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm derinlikten alınmıştır. Ayrıca meyve ve yaprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Bor fraksiyonları, yaprak, meyve kabuğu ve meyve etinin toplam B içerikleri ve toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Topraktaki toplam borun büyük bir kısmı rezidüal formda (% 94.28-94.51) bulunmuş olup bunu mangan (Mn) oksihidroksitler, amorf demir (Fe) ve alüminyum (Al) oksitler ile kristal Fe ve Al oksitler olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılan oksitlere bağlı B (% 2.13-2.97) takip etmiştir. Organik madde tarafından adsorbe edilen B (% 1.38-1.72), toprak kolloid yüzeylerinde spesifik olarak adsorbe edilen B (% 0.42-0.57) ve kolayca çözünen (bitki tarafından alınabilir) B değerleri (% 0.20 –0.23) sırasıyla toplam B değerlerini oluşturmaktadır. Sıcak su ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA sırasına göre, kolay çözünür bor (KÇ-B) fraksiyonu beş farklı ekstraksiyon solüsyonu ile belirlenmiştir. Meyve B konsantrasyonu ve toprak B fraksiyonları, yaprak B konsantrasyonundan daha yakın korelasyonlar göstermiştir. Toprak ve bitki analiz sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, bitkiler tarafından kolaylıkla kullanılabilen bor elementini temsil eden ve kolayca çözünen B fraksiyonunun belirlenmesinde sıcak su yöntemi en etkili yöntem olarak görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bor fraksiyonları, ekstraksiyon yöntemleri, toprak özellikleri, armut

Destekleyen Kurum

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Birimi

Proje Numarası

KUAP(Z)-2013/90

Teşekkür

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Birimi

Determination of Boron Fractions in Soil in Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Orchards

Öz

This study was carried out to investigate various boron (B) fractions in soils with pear trees. For this
purpose, it was carried out in orchards with “Deveci” and “Santa Maria” pear (Pyrus communis L.) varieties in Bursa region of Turkey, soil samples were taken from 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths. In addition, fruit and leaf sampling has done. The relationships between boron fractions, total B content of leaves, fruit skin and fruit flesh and soil properties were investigated. Most of the total B in the soil is in the residual form (94.28-94.51%). This was followed by oxides bound B (2.13-2.97%), which were divided into three groups: manganese (Mn) oxyhydroxides bound, amorphous iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides bound, and crystalline Fe and Al oxides bound. The B adsorbed by organic matter (1.38-1.72%), The specifically adsorbed B on soil colloid surfaces (0.42-0.57%) and easily soluble (can be taken up by the plant) B values (0.20 - 0.23%) constitute the total B values, respectively. The easily soluble boron (KÇ-B) fraction was determined with five different extraction solutions, in the order of hot water ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA. Fruit B concentration and soil B fractions showed closer correlations than leaf B concentration. When the soil and plant analysis results are evaluated together, the hot water method seems to be the most effective method in determining the easily soluble B fraction, which represents the boron element that can be easily used by plants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Boron fractions, extracting methods, soil properties, pear

Proje Numarası

KUAP(Z)-2013/90

Kaynakça

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