Araştırma Makalesi
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Armut (Pyrus communis L.) Bahçelerinde Toprakta Bulunan Bor Fraksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 377 - 400, 01.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.987388

Öz

Bu çalışma, armut ağaçlarının bulunduğu topraklarda çeşitli bor (B) fraksiyonlarının araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye'nin Bursa yöresindeki “Deveci” ve “Santa Maria” armut (Pyrus communis L.) çeşitleri bulunan bahçelerde yürütülmüş, toprak örnekleri 0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm derinlikten alınmıştır. Ayrıca meyve ve yaprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Bor fraksiyonları, yaprak, meyve kabuğu ve meyve etinin toplam B içerikleri ve toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Topraktaki toplam borun büyük bir kısmı rezidüal formda (% 94.28-94.51) bulunmuş olup bunu mangan (Mn) oksihidroksitler, amorf demir (Fe) ve alüminyum (Al) oksitler ile kristal Fe ve Al oksitler olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılan oksitlere bağlı B (% 2.13-2.97) takip etmiştir. Organik madde tarafından adsorbe edilen B (% 1.38-1.72), toprak kolloid yüzeylerinde spesifik olarak adsorbe edilen B (% 0.42-0.57) ve kolayca çözünen (bitki tarafından alınabilir) B değerleri (% 0.20 –0.23) sırasıyla toplam B değerlerini oluşturmaktadır. Sıcak su ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA sırasına göre, kolay çözünür bor (KÇ-B) fraksiyonu beş farklı ekstraksiyon solüsyonu ile belirlenmiştir. Meyve B konsantrasyonu ve toprak B fraksiyonları, yaprak B konsantrasyonundan daha yakın korelasyonlar göstermiştir. Toprak ve bitki analiz sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, bitkiler tarafından kolaylıkla kullanılabilen bor elementini temsil eden ve kolayca çözünen B fraksiyonunun belirlenmesinde sıcak su yöntemi en etkili yöntem olarak görünmektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Birimi

Proje Numarası

KUAP(Z)-2013/90

Teşekkür

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Birimi

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, W., Zia, M.H., Malhi, S.S., Niaz, A. and Saifullah. 2012. Boron deficiency in soils and crops: Crop Plant, Ed.: Goyal, A., London: Intechopen Limited. ISBN 978-953-51-0527-5, pp 77-114.
  • Alloway, B.J., 2008. Micronutrient Deficiencies in Global Crop Production. New York: Springer. 352p.
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  • Anonim, 1988. Türkiye gübreler ve gübreleme rehberi. T.C. T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü. Genel Yayın No: 151, Teknik Yayın No: T-50, Ankara, 182s.
  • Anonim, 2005. Jump 6.0 Statistical discovery from SAS. SAS Institute Inc. SAS Campus Drive, Cary, NC, 27513, USA. Available at: http://www.jmpin.com (Accessed April 09, 2017).
  • Barman, P., Sen, A., Phonglosa, A. and Bhattacharyya, K. 2017. Depth wise distribution of boron in some soils of red and laterite zone of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6 (12): 4126-4137. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.474.
  • Berger, K.C. and Troug, E. 1945. Boron Availability in Relation to Soil Reaction and Organic Matter Content. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 10:113-116.
  • Bouyoucus, G.J. 1955. A recalibration of hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 4 (9): 434p.
  • Brady, N.C. 1999. The nature and properties of soils. Mac Millan Publishing Company, New York, 332 pp.
  • Bremner, J.M. 1965. Nitrogen: Method of Soil Analysis Part II, Ed: C, A, Black, Chemical and Microbiological Properties Agronomy Series, No: 9, Agron, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA, p.1149-1178.
  • Brown, P.H. and Shelp, B.J. 1997. Boron mobility in plants. Plant and Soil, 193(2):85-101. doi:10.1023/A:1004211925160.
  • Brown, P.H., Hu, H.U. and Roberts, W.J. 1999. Occurrence of sugar alcohols determines boron toxicity symptoms of ornamental species. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Alexandria, 124 (4): 347-352.
  • Brown, P.H., Bellaloui, N., Wimmer, M.A., Bassil, E.S., Ruiz, J., Hu, H., Pfeffer, H., Dannel, F. and Römheld, V. 2002. Boron in plant biology. Plant Biology, 4 (2): 205-223. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-25740.
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  • Çelik, H., Öztüfekçi, S., Turan, M.A., Aşık, B.B. and Katkat, A.V. 2017. Effects of Increasing Application Doses of Borax and Boric acid on Nutrient Element Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.). Bursa Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 31(2): 45-46.
  • Çolak, B., Korkmaz, A. and Horuz, A. 2013. Boron status, boron fractions and its availability in sugar beet grown soils. Anadolu Journal Agricultural Sciences, 28 (3): 157-167. Chao, T. T. and Sanzolone, R. F. 1989. Fractionation of soil selenium by sequential partial dissolution. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53: 385-392.
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  • Datta, S.P., Rattan, R.K., Suribabu, K. and Datta, S.C. 2002. Fractionation and colorimetric determination of boron in soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 165:179-184. doi:10.1002/1522-2624 (200204)165.
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Determination of Boron Fractions in Soil in Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Orchards

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 377 - 400, 01.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.987388

Öz

This study was carried out to investigate various boron (B) fractions in soils with pear trees. For this
purpose, it was carried out in orchards with “Deveci” and “Santa Maria” pear (Pyrus communis L.) varieties in Bursa region of Turkey, soil samples were taken from 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths. In addition, fruit and leaf sampling has done. The relationships between boron fractions, total B content of leaves, fruit skin and fruit flesh and soil properties were investigated. Most of the total B in the soil is in the residual form (94.28-94.51%). This was followed by oxides bound B (2.13-2.97%), which were divided into three groups: manganese (Mn) oxyhydroxides bound, amorphous iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides bound, and crystalline Fe and Al oxides bound. The B adsorbed by organic matter (1.38-1.72%), The specifically adsorbed B on soil colloid surfaces (0.42-0.57%) and easily soluble (can be taken up by the plant) B values (0.20 - 0.23%) constitute the total B values, respectively. The easily soluble boron (KÇ-B) fraction was determined with five different extraction solutions, in the order of hot water ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA. Fruit B concentration and soil B fractions showed closer correlations than leaf B concentration. When the soil and plant analysis results are evaluated together, the hot water method seems to be the most effective method in determining the easily soluble B fraction, which represents the boron element that can be easily used by plants.

Proje Numarası

KUAP(Z)-2013/90

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, W., Zia, M.H., Malhi, S.S., Niaz, A. and Saifullah. 2012. Boron deficiency in soils and crops: Crop Plant, Ed.: Goyal, A., London: Intechopen Limited. ISBN 978-953-51-0527-5, pp 77-114.
  • Alloway, B.J., 2008. Micronutrient Deficiencies in Global Crop Production. New York: Springer. 352p.
  • Anonim, 1951. Anonim, 1951. Soil Survey Manual. U.S. dept. of Agric. Handbook No: 18U.S. Gout Print Office Washington D.C., 209 p.
  • Anonim, 1988. Türkiye gübreler ve gübreleme rehberi. T.C. T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü. Genel Yayın No: 151, Teknik Yayın No: T-50, Ankara, 182s.
  • Anonim, 2005. Jump 6.0 Statistical discovery from SAS. SAS Institute Inc. SAS Campus Drive, Cary, NC, 27513, USA. Available at: http://www.jmpin.com (Accessed April 09, 2017).
  • Barman, P., Sen, A., Phonglosa, A. and Bhattacharyya, K. 2017. Depth wise distribution of boron in some soils of red and laterite zone of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6 (12): 4126-4137. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.474.
  • Berger, K.C. and Troug, E. 1945. Boron Availability in Relation to Soil Reaction and Organic Matter Content. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 10:113-116.
  • Bouyoucus, G.J. 1955. A recalibration of hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 4 (9): 434p.
  • Brady, N.C. 1999. The nature and properties of soils. Mac Millan Publishing Company, New York, 332 pp.
  • Bremner, J.M. 1965. Nitrogen: Method of Soil Analysis Part II, Ed: C, A, Black, Chemical and Microbiological Properties Agronomy Series, No: 9, Agron, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA, p.1149-1178.
  • Brown, P.H. and Shelp, B.J. 1997. Boron mobility in plants. Plant and Soil, 193(2):85-101. doi:10.1023/A:1004211925160.
  • Brown, P.H., Hu, H.U. and Roberts, W.J. 1999. Occurrence of sugar alcohols determines boron toxicity symptoms of ornamental species. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Alexandria, 124 (4): 347-352.
  • Brown, P.H., Bellaloui, N., Wimmer, M.A., Bassil, E.S., Ruiz, J., Hu, H., Pfeffer, H., Dannel, F. and Römheld, V. 2002. Boron in plant biology. Plant Biology, 4 (2): 205-223. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-25740.
  • Chapman, H.D. and Pratt, P.F. 1961. Methods of analysis of soils, plants and waters, 1-6. Division of Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. pp 150-179.
  • Çelik, H., Öztüfekçi, S., Turan, M.A., Aşık, B.B. and Katkat, A.V. 2017. Effects of Increasing Application Doses of Borax and Boric acid on Nutrient Element Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.). Bursa Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 31(2): 45-46.
  • Çolak, B., Korkmaz, A. and Horuz, A. 2013. Boron status, boron fractions and its availability in sugar beet grown soils. Anadolu Journal Agricultural Sciences, 28 (3): 157-167. Chao, T. T. and Sanzolone, R. F. 1989. Fractionation of soil selenium by sequential partial dissolution. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53: 385-392.
  • Crandall, P.C., Chamberlain, J.D. and Garth, J.K.I. 1981. Toxicity symptoms and tissue levels associated with excess boron in pear trees. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 12 (10): 1047-1057.
  • Datta, S.P., Rattan, R.K., Suribabu, K. and Datta, S.C. 2002. Fractionation and colorimetric determination of boron in soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 165:179-184. doi:10.1002/1522-2624 (200204)165.
  • Delgado, A., Benlloch, M. and Fernández-Escobar, R. 1994. Mobilization of Boron in Olive Trees during Flowering and Fruit Development. HortScience, 29 (6): 616-618.
  • Diana, G. 2006. Boron in soil, from deficit to toxicity. Informatore Agrafio, 62: 54-58.
  • Diana, G. and Beni, C. 2006. Effect of organic and mineral fertilization on soil boron fractions. Agricoltura Mediterranea, 136: 70-78.
  • Elrashidi, M.A. and O’Connor, G.A. 1982. Boron sorption and desorption in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 46: 27-31.
  • Elseewi, A.A. 1974. Some observations on boron in water, soils and plants at various locations in Egypt. Alexandria Journal of Agricultural Research, 22: 463-473.
  • Elseewi, A.A. and Elmalky, A.E. 1979. Boron distribution in soils and waters of Egypt. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 43: 297-300.
  • Epstein, E. and Bloom. A.J. 2005. Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Principles and Perspectives (No. Ed. 2). Sunderland, Massachusetts, Sinauer Associates. 390p.
  • Eraslan, F., Polat, M., Yıldırım, A. and Kucukyumuk, Z. 2016. Physiological and Nutritional Responses of Two Distinctive Quince (Cydonia Oblonga Mill.) Rootstocks to Boron Toxicity. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48(1): 75-80.
  • FAO, 2019. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/data/QC. (Erişim tarihi: 20.01.2020).
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  • Goldberg, S. 1997. Reactions of boron with soils. Plant and Soil, 193: 35-48.
  • Goldberg, S., Corwin, D.L., Shouse, P. J. and Suarez, D. L. 2005. Prediction of Boron Adsorption by Field Samples of Diverse TextuRes. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69: 1379-1388.
  • Goldberg, S. and Su, C. 2007. New advances in boron soil chemistry: Advances in Plant and Animal Boron Nutrition, Ed.: F. Xu ve ark., Springer, Dordrecht, pp: 313-330.
  • Gross, A., Bernstein, A., Vulkan, R., Tarchitzky, J., Ben-Gal, A. and Yermiyahu, U. 2008. Simple digestion procedure followed by the azomethine-H method for accurate boron analysis and discrimination between its fractions in wastewater and soils. Chemosphere, 72: 400-406.
  • Gupta, U. and Solanki, H. 2013. Impact of boron deficiency on plant growth. International Journal of Bioassays, 2 (7): 1048-1050. doi:10.1.1.879.4132.
  • Gupta, S.R. and Stewart, J.W.B. 1975. The extraction and determination of plant available B in soils. Schweiz. Land Wirtsch. Forsch. 14, 153-169.
  • Handreck, K. A. 1990. Methods of assessing boron availability in potting media with special reference to toxicity. Commun. In Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 21: 2265- 2280.
  • Harmankaya, M. and Gezgin, S. 2005. Determination of boron fractions in Konya plain soils. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 19 (36): 93-105.
  • Hou, J., Evans, L.J. and Spiers, G. A. 1994. Boron fractionation in soils. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 25: 1841-1853. doi:10.1080/00103629409369157.
  • Jackson, M. L. 1958. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, USA. pp. 38-226.
  • Jin, J., Martens, D.C. and Zelazny, L.W. 1987. Distribution and plant availability of soil boron fractions. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 51: 1228-1231.
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  • Keren, R. and Bingham, F.T. 1985. Boron in water, soil and plants : Advances in Soil Science, ED.: Steward, B.A., Springer-Verlog, New York, pp: 229-276.
  • Kumari, K., Nazir, G., Singh, A. and Kumar, P. 2017. Studies on boron fractions with different physicochemical properties of cultivated soils of Himachal Paradesh, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6 (6): 1547-1555. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.182.
  • Lee, S.H., Kim, W.S. and Han, T.H. 2009. Effects of postharvest foliar boron and calcium applications on subsequent season`s pollen germination and pollen tube growth of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia). Scientia Horticulturae, 122 (1): 77-82.
  • Liakopoulos, G., Stavrianakou, S., Filippou, M., Fasseas, C., Tsadilas, C., Drossopoulos, I. and Karabourniotis, G. 2005. Boron remobilization at low boron supplyin olive (Olea europaea) in relation to leaf and phloem mannitol concentrations. Tree Physiology, 25: 157-165.
  • Lindsay, W. L. and Norvell, W.A. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42: 421-8.
  • Loué, A. 1968. Digonistic petiolaire de prospection etudes sur la nutrition et l fertilisation potassiques de la vigne, societe commerciale des potassiques. d’Alsae Services Agronomiques, 31-41 p.
  • Malhi, S.S., Raza, M., Schoenau, J.J., Mermut, A.R., Kutcher, R., Johnston, A.M. and Gill, K.S. 2003. Feasibility of B fertilization for yield, seed quality and B uptake of canola in North eastern Saskathewan. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 83: 99-108.
  • Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic PRess, London. 897 p.
  • Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E.A. 1987. Principles of plant nutrition (No. Ed. 4). International Potash Institute, Worblaufen-Bern, Switzerland.
  • Muntean, D.W., 2009. Boron, the Overlooked Essential Element. Soil and Plant Laboratory Inc., Bellevue, WA 98009. P.O Box 1648.
  • Nelson, R.E. 1982. Carbonate and Gypsum. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Ed.: Page, A.L., American Soc. Ag. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No. 9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp 539-579.
  • Niaz, A., Ibrahim, M., Nisar, A. and Anwar, S.A. 2002. Boron contents of light and medium textured soils and cotton plants. International Journal of Agricultural Biolology, 4: 534-536.
  • Olsen, S. R. and Dean, L.A. 1965. Phosphorus: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part II, Ed.: Black, C. A.,. Madison, Wisconsin: Am Soc Agron Inc. pp1035-1049.
  • Öztürk, Ö., Soylu, S., Ada, R., Gezgin, S., and Babaoğlu, M. 2010. Studies on differantial response of spring canola cultivars to boron toxicity. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 33: 1141-1154.
  • Öztürk, A. and Öztürk, B. 2014. The rootstock influences growth and development of “Deveci” pear. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Science, 1: 1049-1053.
  • Padbuhushan, R. and Kumar, D. 2017. Fractions of soil boron: a review. Journal of Agricultural Science, 155 (7): 1023-1032. doi: 10.10107/S0021859617000181.
  • Parle, M. and Arzoo, A. 2016. Why is pear so dear. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy (IJRAP), 7(1): 108-113.
  • Pizer, N. H. 1967. Some Advisory Aspects, soil potassium and magnesium, Tech. Bull. No: 14: 184 p.
  • Raese, J.T. 1989. Physiological disorders and maladies of pear fruits. Horticultural Reviews, New York, 11: 354- 411.
  • Rahmatullah, Badr-uz-Zaman. and Salim, M. 1999. Plant utilization and release of boron distributed in different fractions in calcereous soils. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation (USA), 13 (3): 5-16.
  • Ranjbar, F. and Jalali, M. 2014. Surface complexation model of boron adsorption by calcareous soils. International Journal of Environmental Science Technology, 11: 1317-1326.
  • Raza, M., Mermut, A.R., Schoenau, J.J. and Malhi, S.S. 2002. Boron fractionation in some Saskatchewan soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 82: 173-179. https://doi.org/10.4141/S01-027.
  • Richards, L.A. 1954. Diagnosis and improvements of saline and alcali soils. Agriculture Handbook. No: 60-160p
  • Rhoades, J. D. 1982. Soluble Salts: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties, Ed.: Page, A. L., American Soc. Ag. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No. 9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp 167- 178.
  • Sánchez, E., Righetti, T. and Sugar, D. 1998. Partitioning and recycling of fall applied boron in Comice pears. Acta Horticulturae, 475 (41): 347-354.
  • Sandobe, M. K. and Mohammed, S. 2011. Boron Adsorption by Some Semi-Arid Soils of North Eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Agricultural Research (IJAAR), 6: 71-76.
  • Sarkar, D. and Haldar. A. 2011. Extraction of boron using different extractants in soils of two agro-ecological sub-regions, West Bengal-A comperative study. Agropedology, 21(1): 40-43.
  • Sathya, S., Mahendran, P.P. and Arulmozuhiselvan, K. 2013. Influence of soil and foliar application of borax on fractions of under tomato cultivation in boron deficient soil of typic haplustalf. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8 (21): 2567-2571. doi: 10.5897/AJAR2013.6947.
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  • Sheng, O., Song, S.S., Chen, Y.J., Peng, S.A., and Deng, X.X. 2009. Effects of exogenous B supply on growth, B accumulation and distribution of two navel orange cultivars. Trees, 23: 59-68.
  • Shuman, L. M. 1985. Fractionation method for soil microelements. Soil Sci. 140: 11-12.
  • Sillanpaa, M., and Vlek, P. Micronutrients and the agroecology of tropical and Mediterranean regions. Fertilizer Research, 7: 151-167.
  • Sillanpaa, M. 1990. Micronutrient Assessment at the Country Level: An international study. FAO Soils Bulletin, Rome.
  • Takano, J., Wiwa, K. and Fujiwara, T. 2008. Boron transport mecanisms: collaboration of channels and transporters. Trends Plant Science, 13 (8): 451-457. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2008.05.007.
  • Tsadilas, C.D., Yassoglou, N., Kosmas, C.S. and Kallianou, Ch. 1994. The availability of soil boron fractions to olive trees and barley and their relationships to soil properties. Plant and Soil, 162: 211-217. doi:10.1007/BF01347708.
  • Tsadilas, C.D. and Kassioti, T. 2005. Influence of liming and nitrogen forms on boron uptake by tobaccco. Communictions in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36: 701-708. doi: 10.1081/CSS-200043348.
  • Tsadilas, C.D. and Kazai, P. 2005. Evaluation of methods for determination of soil boron available trees. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36: 695-700. doi: 10.1081/CSS-200043344.
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  • Walkley, A. and Black, L.A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soils organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29-38. doi: 10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003.
  • Wang, J.Z., Tao, S.T., Qi, K. J., Wu, J., Wu, H.Q. and Zhang, L. 2011. Changes in photosynthetic properties and antioxidative system of pear leaves to boron toxicity. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (85): 19693- 19700. doi: 10.5897//AJB11.2608.
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  • Wojcik, P. 2000. Availability of soil boron fractions to m.26 apple rootstock. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 23 (7): 1025-1035. doi:10.1080/01904160009382078.
  • Wojcik, P. and Wojcik, M. 2003. Effects of boron fertilization on Conference pear tree vigor, nutrition, and fruit yield and storability. Plant and Soil, 256: 413-421.
  • Wolf, B. 1971. The determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, composts, manuRes, water and nutrient solutions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2(5): 363-74. doi: 10.1080/00103627109366326.
  • Yau, S.K. and Ryan, J. 2008. Boron toxicity tolerance in crops: A vizable alternative to soil amelioration. Crop Science, 48 (3): 854-865. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0539.
  • Xu, J.M., Wang, R.W., Yang, Y.A. and Huang, L.B. 2001. Soil boron fractions and their ics of pear and other relationship to soil properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65: 133-138. doi:10.2136/sssaj2001.651133x
  • Yamamoto, T. and Terakami, S. 2016. Genomics of pear and other Rosaceae fruit trees. Breeding Science, 66 (1): 148-159. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.66.148.
Toplam 91 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Toprak Bilimi ve Ekolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Serhat Gürel 0000-0002-2971-8353

Haluk Başar 0000-0001-9640-4832

Proje Numarası KUAP(Z)-2013/90
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gürel, S., & Başar, H. (2022). Armut (Pyrus communis L.) Bahçelerinde Toprakta Bulunan Bor Fraksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(2), 377-400. https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.987388

TR Dizin kriterleri gereği dergimize gönderilecek olan makalelerin mutlaka aşağıda belirtilen hususlara uyması gerekmektedir.

Tüm bilim dallarında yapılan, ve etik kurul kararı gerektiren klinik ve deneysel insan ve hayvanlar üzerindeki çalışmalar için ayrı ayrı etik kurul onayı alınmış olmalı, bu onay makalede belirtilmeli ve belgelendirilmelidir.
Makalelerde Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine uyulduğuna dair ifadeye yer verilmelidir.
Etik kurul izni gerektiren çalışmalarda, izinle ilgili bilgiler (kurul adı, tarih ve sayı no) yöntem bölümünde ve ayrıca makale ilk/son sayfasında yer verilmelidir.
Kullanılan fikir ve sanat eserleri için telif hakları düzenlemelerine riayet edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Makale sonunda; Araştırmacıların Katkı Oranı beyanı, varsa Destek ve Teşekkür Beyanı, Çatışma Beyanı verilmesi.
Etik Kurul izni gerektiren araştırmalar aşağıdaki gibidir.
- Anket, mülakat, odak grup çalışması, gözlem, deney, görüşme teknikleri kullanılarak katılımcılardan veri toplanmasını gerektiren nitel ya da nicel yaklaşımlarla yürütülen her türlü araştırmalar
- İnsan ve hayvanların (materyal/veriler dahil) deneysel ya da diğer bilimsel amaçlarla kullanılması,
- İnsanlar üzerinde yapılan klinik araştırmalar,
- Hayvanlar üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar,
- Kişisel verilerin korunması kanunu gereğince retrospektif çalışmalar,
Ayrıca;
- Olgu sunumlarında “Aydınlatılmış onam formu”nun alındığının belirtilmesi,
- Başkalarına ait ölçek, anket, fotoğrafların kullanımı için sahiplerinden izin alınması ve belirtilmesi,
- Kullanılan fikir ve sanat eserleri için telif hakları düzenlemelerine uyulduğunun belirtilmesi.



Makale başvurusunda;

(1) Tam metin makale, Dergi yazım kurallarına uygun olmalı, Makalenin ilk sayfasında ve teşekkür bilgi notu kısmında Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine uyulduğuna ve Etik kurul izni gerektirmediğine dair ifadeye yer verilmelidir. Etik kurul izni gerektiren çalışmalarda, izinle ilgili bilgiler (kurul adı, tarih ve sayı no) yöntem bölümünde ve ayrıca makale ilk/son sayfasında yer verilmeli ve sisteme belgenin yüklenmesi gerekmektedir. (Dergiye gönderilen makalelerde; konu ile ilgili olarak derginin daha önceki sayılarında yayımlanan en az bir yayına atıf yapılması önem arz etmektedir. Dergiye yapılan atıflarda “Bursa Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg.” kısaltması kullanılmalıdır.)

(2) Tam metin makalenin taratıldığını gösteren benzerlik raporu (Ithenticate, intihal.net) (% 20’nin altında olmalıdır),

(3) İmzalanmış ve taratılmış başvuru formu, Dergi web sayfasında yer alan başvuru formunun başvuran tarafından İmzalanıp, taratılarak yüklenmesi , (Ön yazı yerine)

(4) Tüm yazarlar tarafından imzalanmış telif hakkı devir formunun taranmış kopyası,

(5) Araştırmacıların Katkı Oranı beyanı, Çıkar Çatışması beyanı verilmesi Makale sonunda; Araştırmacıların Katkı Oranı beyanı, varsa Destek ve Teşekkür Beyanı, Çatışma Beyanı verilmesi ve sisteme belgenin (Tüm yazarlar tarafından imzalanmış bir yazı) yüklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Belgelerin elektronik formatta DergiPark sistemine https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/login adresinden kayıt olunarak başvuru sırasında yüklenmesi mümkündür. 


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