COUNTERTRANSFERENCE EXPERIENCES OF THERAPISTS WORKING WITH ADULTS

Öz

The definition of countertransference is widely used in the literature, which is also reflected in practice, leading to uncertainty regarding its use. This ambiguity can be understood when examining the historical process of the concept. The historical process of this concept, which started with Freud, has primarily been handled negatively. Therefore, according to Freud, countertransference was considered a situation to be dealt with. Over time, the negative perception of the concept evolved into a more positive one, emphasising its healing potential. While initially considered a challenge in therapy, today, countertransference is seen in a more positive light. This study aims to examine how therapists working with adults in Turkey perceive and utilise in practice. In this context, 16 therapists actively receiving adult clients were interviewed, resulting in the identification of five main themes: "definition of countertransference", "triggers of countertransference", "reflections of countertransference in therapy", " the category", and "therapists' suggestions". As a result of these data, it was found that therapists use countertransference in a wide range. However, it was concluded that most participants used the contemporary approach when defining countertransference and prioritised the classical approach in practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Countertransference
• Therapist
• Adult Clients

YETİŞKİNLERLE ÇALIŞAN TERAPİSTLERİN KARŞI AKTARIM DENEYİMLERİ

Öz

Karşı aktarım tanımı, literatürde geniş yelpazeye sahiptir. Bu durum uygulamada da kendini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla uygulamada karşı aktarımın kullanımına dair belirsizlik bulunmaktadır. Kavramın tarihsel sürecine bakıldığında bu belirsizlik anlaşılmaktadır. Freud'la başlayan bu kavramın tarihsel süreci öncelikle olumsuz olarak ele alınmıştır. Dolayısıyla Freud'a göre karşı aktarım baş edilmesi gereken bir durum olarak ele alınmıştır. Sonrasında ise kavramın olumsuz intibaı farklılaşarak olumluya dönüşmüştür. Ortaya çıktığı ilk dönemlerde olumsuz ve terapi sürecinde terapistin baş etmesi gereken bir kavram iken günümüze doğru gelindiğinde olumlu ve iyileştirici tarafına vurgu yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de yetişkinlerle çalışan terapistlerin bu kavramı nasıl ele aldığı ve uygulamada nasıl çalışıldığını incelemektir. Bu bağlamda aktif olarak yetişkin danışan alan 16 terapistle görüşülmüştür. Bu görüşme sonucunda beş ana tema oluşturulmuştur. Bu temalar “karşı aktarımının tanımı”, “karşı aktarımının tetikleyicileri”, “karşı aktarımının terapide yansımaları”, “hangi kategori” ve “terapistlerin önerileri” şeklinde oluşturulmuştur. Bu verilerin sonucunda terapistlerin karşı aktarımı geniş yelpazede kullandığına ulaşılmıştır. Ancak katılımcıların ekseriyetinin karşı aktarımı tanımlarken çağdaş yaklaşımı esas aldıkları; uygulamada ise klasik yaklaşımı önceledikleri sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karşı Aktarım
• Terapistin Deneyimleri
• Yetişkin Danışan

Kaynakça

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