AFET SONRASI ULUSÖTESİ DİJİTAL SOSYAL DESTEK EKOLOJİSİ: 2023 KAHRAMANMARAŞ DEPREMLERİNE İLİŞKİN X PAYLAŞIMLARININ BERTOPİC VE DUYGU ANALİZİ TEMELLİ HARİTALANMASI

Öz

Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlerin ardından Twitter/X platformunda oluşan ulusötesi dijital yankıyı ve afetlerde sosyal hizmet üzerinden ilişkilendirilebilecek destek söylemlerini incelemektedir. İngilizce paylaşımlardan oluşan veri seti; BERTopic temelli konu modelleme, duygu analizi, sosyal destek sınıflandırması, coğrafi çözümleme ve etkileşim göstergeleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular; deprem söyleminin insani kayıplar, arama-kurtarma faaliyetleri, bağış ve yardım kampanyaları, ulusötesi dayanışma, yapı güvenliği ve siyasal sorumluluk gibi temalar etrafında yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir. Pozitif duygusal yönelimlerin kurtarma, umut, teşekkür ve dayanışma anlatılarında; negatif yönelimlerin ise kayıp, yıkım, kurumsal eleştiri ve sorumluluk tartışmalarında belirginleştiği görülmüştür. Coğrafi analizler, profil konumunu Hindistan, ABD ve Pakistan olarak bildiren hesapların veri setinde yüksek görünürlüğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ancak bu dağılım, ülkelerin fiilî yardım kapasitesinden çok ulusötesi dijital katılımın coğrafi görünürlüğünü yansıtmaktadır. Sonuçlar, sosyal medyanın afet dönemlerinde bilgi paylaşımı, duygusal dayanışma, yardım mobilizasyonu ve sorumluluk taleplerinin aynı dijital ortamda görünürlük kazandığı çok katmanlı bir iletişim alanı sunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Sosyal hizmet açısından bulgular, afet sonrası ihtiyaç, dayanışma ve savunuculuk örüntülerinin dijital ortamda izlenmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Hesaplamalı sosyal bilimler bakımından ise çalışma, geniş ölçekli sosyal medya verilerinin tematik, duygusal, coğrafi ve etkileşimsel boyutlarının birlikte çözümlenebileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, afet yönetimi, sosyal hizmet, sivil toplum ve insani yardım politikalarında dijital verilerin tamamlayıcı kullanımına yönelik çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sosyal Hizmet
• Küresel Yankı
• Konu Modellemesi
• Duygu Analizi
• Deprem Çağrısı

POST-DISASTER TRANSNATIONAL DIGITAL SOCIAL SUPPORT ECOSYSTEM: MAPPING X POSTS RELATED TO THE 2023 KAHRAMANMARAŞ EARTHQUAKES USING BERTOPIC AND SENTIMENT ANALYSIS*

Öz

This study examines the international digital echo that emerged on the Twitter/X platform following the February 6, 2023, earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş, as well as the support-related discourse that can be linked to social services in the context of disasters. The dataset, consisting of posts in English, was analyzed using BERTopic-based topic modeling, sentiment analysis, social support classification, geographic analysis, and engagement metrics. The findings indicate that earthquake-related discourse centered on themes such as human casualties, search-and-rescue operations, donation and aid campaigns, international solidarity, structural safety, and political accountability. Positive emotional orientations were evident in narratives of rescue, hope, gratitude, and solidarity, while negative orientations were prominent in discussions of loss, destruction, institutional criticism, and accountability. Geographic analyses revealed that accounts reporting their location as India, the United States, and Pakistan had high visibility in the dataset. However, this distribution reflects the geographic visibility of international digital participation rather than the actual aid capacity of these countries. The results indicate that social media offers a multilayered communication space where information sharing, emotional solidarity, aid mobilization, and calls for accountability all gain visibility within the same digital environment during disaster periods. From a social work perspective, the findings contribute to tracking post-disaster needs, solidarity, and advocacy patterns in the digital sphere. From the perspective of computational social sciences, the study demonstrates that the thematic, emotional, geographic, and interactive dimensions of large-scale social media data can be analyzed together. The study offers insights into the complementary use of digital data in disaster management, social work, civil society, and humanitarian aid policies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Social Work
• Global Resonance
• Topic Modeling
• Sentiment Analysis
• Earthquake Appeals

Kaynakça

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