Rationalization in Weber and Habermas: A Comparative Perspective on a Macrosociological Concept

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 13 - 40, 01.05.2014

Ömer Turan

Öz

Bu makale, rasyonalleşme
kavramsallaştırmalarını kıyaslayarak Weber ve Habermas’ın makro sosyolojileri
hakkında genel bir değerlendirme sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışmanın ilk
bölümünde Weber’in farklı rasyonalite tiplerini nasıl tasnif ettiği ele almakta
ve Weber’in geliştirdiği formel rasyona- lite eleştirisi değerlendirmektedir.
Bu bölümde Weber’in, topluma sistematikleştirme getirirken bir yandan da
insan boyutuna zarar verme potansiyeli olan rasyonelleşme sürecinin ikili
karakterini nasıl tasvir ettiği ele alınmaktadır. Makalenin ikinci bölümü,
Habermas’ın rasyonelleşme kavramını yeniden yorumlamasına odaklanmaktadır. Bu
bölümde siyasetin rasyonelleşmesi ve bilimselleşmesi, yaşam alanının rasyonalleşmesi
ve kolonizasyonu arasındaki ayrım ve Habermas’ın öngördüğü tartışma
süreçleri ile oluşturulmuş hukuk sistemi sayesinde siyasetin rasyonalleşmesi
olasılığı ele alınmaktadır. Makalenin sonuç bölümünde rasyonelleşme
sürecinin ikili özelliğinin rasyonalleşmenin diyalektiği olarak
nitelenebileceği iddia edil- mektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rasyonalleflme, Weber, Habermas, rasyonalite tipleri, bürokratikleflme, siyasetin bi- limselleflmesi, yaflam alan›n›n sömürgeleflmesi, makro sosyoloji

Rationalization in Weber and Habermas: A Comparative Perspective on a Macrosociological Concept

Öz

This paper overviews the macrosociology of Weber and Habermas by focusing on the ways they
conceptualized rationalization. The first section of the paper discusses Weber’s classification for different
types of rationality and emphasizes Weber’s criticism of formal rationality. This section outlines how
Weber described the Janus-faced character of rationalization, which does bring systematization to society, and
may result in the obliteration of the human dimension within systematic concerns. The second section of the
paper focuses on Habermas’s reinterpretation of the notion of rationalization. It includes the rationalization and
scientization of politics, the rationalization-colonization distinction of the lifeworld, and the rationalization
of politics as deliberation process and law. The paper argues that the double character of rationalization
can be referred to as the dialectic of rationalization. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rationalization, Weber, Habermas, types of rationality, bureaucratization, scientization of politics, colonization of the lifeworld, macrosociology

Kaynakça

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