İkinci Dil Ediniminde Yaşın Rolü

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 265 - 276, 31.12.2024

Emin Yaş

Öz

İkinci bir dil öğrenme söz konusu olunca, hemen hemen her yayın öğrenenleri başarıya götüren bireysel farklılıklardan bahseder. Bunlardan en önemlisi yaş faktörüdür diyebiliriz. Bireysel farklılıkların bir sonucu olarak çeşitli unsurlar ortaya çıkar: Edinim hızı, nihai başarı ve dil ediniminde yer alan süreçler, özellikle yaş olmak üzere öğrenciler arasındaki farklılıklardan etkilenen önemli unsurlardır. Mevcut çalışma, çoğunlukla ikinci dil edinimindeki yaş faktörüyle ve sıklıkla psikolojik pozisyonlarda ele alınan bireysel farklılıklarla ilgili diğer faktörlerle ilgilenir. Veriler alanyazın taramasından elde edilmiştir. Alan yazınındaki yazılı kaynaklara bakıldığında, ikinci dil ediniminin başlangıcı ve son aşamasının da bilim insanları tarafından çokça araştırılan iki başlık olduğu görülmektedir. Dil edinimine yönelik kritik bir dönemin var olup olmadığı sorusu bilim dünyasında tartışmalı bir konudur. Ancak, ikinci bir dilde anadil veya anadil benzeri yeterlilik elde etmek için iyi belirlenmiş yaş sınırlamaları olmasa da, kişinin başladığı dönemin (yaş’ın) nihai yeterlilikle ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İkinci Dil Ediniminde Yaş Faktörü, İkinci Dil Edinimi, Dil Edinimi, Yabancı Dil Öğrenimi, Yabancı Dil Öğretimi

The Role of Age in Second Language Acquisition

Öz

When it comes to learning a second language, no matter what age, almost every publication talks about individual differences that lead the learners to success. It is possible to say that the age factor is the most significant of these. Various elements occur as a result of individual differences: The rate of acquisition, ultimate achievement and the processes involved in language acquisition are important ones affected by differences among learners, particularly their age. The present work deals mainly with the age issue in second language acquisition, along with other factors related to individual differences, which are often treated in psychological positions. The data were obtained from a literature search. Looking at the written literature in the field, it has been found that the onset of second language acquisition and the final accomplishment are also the two titles that scholars have studied very much. The question of whether a critical period addressed language acquisition exists is a controversial one in the scientific world. However, even though there are no well-delineated age restrictions ready for attaining native or native-like proficiency in a second language, the period (age) at which one starts has been shown to correlate with ultimate proficiency.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition, Second Language Acquisition, Language Acquisition, Foreign Language Learning, Foreign Language Teaching

Kaynakça

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