Influence of Sintering Time on Electrical Properties, Densification, and Microstructure of PMN-PT-PMS Piezoelectric Ceramics

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 61 - 66, 28.06.2024

Volkan Kalem , Osman Düzen

https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1452081

Öz

The effect of sintering soaking time on the dielectric, piezoelectric, and structural properties of PMN-PT-PMS [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3-Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3] ceramics was systematically investigated. High density samples were prepared using solid-state sintering technique with different soaking times (60-150 min). Rhombohedral perovskite structure was the dominant phase for all soaking times, confirmed by XRD analysis. However, the pure perovskite structure could not be preserved at sintering times over 120 min. SEM micrographs indicated that homogeneous microstructures were obtained for all soaking times and the grain and pore sizes increased slightly with longer sintering time. Dielectric and piezoelectric test results showed that the optimum value of dielectric constant, electromechanical coupling factor, and piezoelectric strain coefficient was obtained for PMN-PT-PMS when sintered for 90 min. Ceramic samples with high density and perovskite structure prepared by proper sintering condition yielded high dielectric and piezoelectric response.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ceramic, Dielectric, Piezoelectric, PMN-PT, Sintering

Etik Beyan

There are no ethical issues after the publication of this manuscript.

Teşekkür

This study was derived from the M.Sc. thesis titled "Determination of Optimal Sintering Regime for PMN-PT-PMS [Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3-Pb(Mn,Sb)O3] Piezoelectric Ceramics" prepared by Osman Düzen under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Volkan Kalem.

Kaynakça

• [1]. Damjanovic, D, Muralt, P, Setter, N. 2001. Ferroelectric Sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal; 1(3): 191-206.
• [2]. Swartz, SL and Shrout, TR. 1982. Fabrication of perovskite lead magnesium niobate. Materials Research Bulletin; 17(10): 1245-1250.
• [3]. Choi, SW, Shrout, TR., Jang, SJ, Bhalla, A.S. 1989. Dielectric and pyroelectric properties in the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 system. Ferroelectrics; 100: 29–38.
• [4]. Inada, M. 1977. Analysis of the formation process of the piezoelectric PCM ceramics. National Technical Report (Matsushita Elect. Ind. Co.); 27(1): 95–102.
• [5]. Bouquin, O, Lejeune, M, Boilot, JP. 1991. Formation of the perovskite phase in the PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbTiO3 system. Journal of the American Ceramic Society; 74(5): 1152–1156.
• [6]. Guha, JP. 1999. Reaction chemistry and subsolidus phase equilibria in lead-based relaxor systems: Part I - Formation and stability of the perovskite and pyrochlore compounds in the system PbO-MgO-Nb2O5. Journal of Materials Science; 34(20): 4985–4994.
• [7]. Shrout, TR, Swartz, SL. 1983. Dielectric-properties of pyrochlore lead magnesium niobate. Materials Research Bulletin; 18(6): 663-667.
• [8]. Wakiya, N, Saiki, A, Ishizawa, N, Shinozaki, K, Mizutani, N. 1993. Crystal-growth, crystal-structure and chemical-composition of a pyrochlore type compound in lead-magnesium-niobium-oxygen system. Materials Research Bulletin; 28(2): 137-143.
• [9]. Wakiya, N, Kim, B.H, Shinozaki, K, Mizutani, N. 1994. Composition range of cubic pyrochlore type compound in lead magnesium niobium oxygen system. Nippon Seramikkusu Kyokai Gakujutsu Ronbunshi-Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan; 102(6); 612-615.
• [10]. Takahashi, S, Sasaki, Y, Kawai, H, Hirose, S. 1996. High-power piezoelectric characteristics in Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 solid solution system. Isaf '96 - Proceedings of the Tenth Ieee International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectric; 1: 2309-2312.
• [11]. Takahashi, S, Yamamoto, M, Sasaki, Y. 1998. Nonlinear piezoelectric effect in ferroelectric ceramics. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Part 1-Regular Papers Short Notes & Review Papers; 37(9B): 5292-5296.
• [12]. Aydın HS., 2016. Production and Characterization of PMN-PT [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3] Based Piezoelectric Ceramics (in Turkish), MSc Thesis (Advisor: Kalem, V.), Selçuk University, Graduate School of Natural And Applied Science, Konya.
• [13]. Düzen, O, Kalem, V. 2017. Optimizing Structural and Electrical Properties of PMN-PT-PMS Ceramics via Sintering Temperature, Selcuk University Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology; 5(2): 144-152.
• [14]. Mahdi, RI, Al-Bahnam, NJ, Abbo, AI, Hmood, JK, Majid, WH Abd. 2016. Optimization of sintering temperature for the enhancement of pyroelectric properties of lead-free 0.88(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.084(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.036BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics. Journal of Alloys and Compounds; 688: 77-87.
• [15]. Zhu, R, Yin, Y, Fang, B, Chen, Z, Zhang, S, Ding, J, Zhao, X, Luo, H. 2016. Optimizing structure and electrical properties of high-Curie temperature PMN-PHT piezoelectric ceramics via tailoring sintering process. The European Physical Journal-Applied Physics; 74(3): 30101.
• [16]. Liu, L, Fan, H, Ke, S, Chen, X. 2008. Effect of sintering temperature on the structure and properties of cerium-doped 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics. Journal of Alloys and Compounds; 458: 504-508.
• [17]. Naceur, H, Megriche, A, El Maaoui, M. 2014. Effect of sintering temperature on microstructure and electrical properties of Sr1-x(Na0.5Bi0.5)xBi2Nb2O9 solid solutions. Journal of Advanced Ceramics; 3(1): 17-30.
• [18]. Ketsuwan, P, Ngamjarurojana, A, Laosiritaworn, Y, Ananta, S, Yimnirun, R. 2007. Effect of Sintering Temperature on Phase Formation, Dielectric, Piezoelectric, and Ferroelectric Properties of Nb-Doped Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Ceramics. Ferroelectrics; 358: 35-41.
• [19]. Wang, CH, Chang, SJ, Chang, PC. 2004. Effect of sintering conditions on characteristics of PbTiO3–PbZrO3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3. Materials Science and Engineering B; 111: 124-130.
• [20]. Lente MH, Zanin AL, Vasiljevic J, Dos Santos IA, Eiras JA, Garcia D. 2004. Temperature Coefficient of Piezoelectric Constants in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 Ceramics. Materials Research; 7(2): 369-372.
• [21]. Hoffmann, MJ., Hammer M, Endriss A, Lupascu DC. 2001. Correlation between microstructure, strain behavior, and acoustic emission of soft PZT ceramics. Acta Materialia; 49: 1301–1310.
• [22]. Nadoliisky, MM., Vassileva, TK., Vitkov, PB. 1992. Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of PbZrO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3 Ferroelectric System. Ferroelectrics; 129: 141–146.