Yeşil Büyüme Sürecinde Farklı Ülke Grupları İçin Farklı Politikaların Gerekliliği Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Ekonomik büyümenin zaman içerisinde yol açtığı çevresel etkiler, içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılda uzun vadeli ekonomik büyümeyi çevresel kalite ile dengeleyecek şekilde büyüme ve kalkınmayı temel alan yaklaşımları da beraberinde getirmiştir. 21. yüzyılın hemen başında gündeme gelen “yeşil büyüme” kavramı da bu amaca hizmet etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı alt-orta ve düşük gelir grubu, üst-orta gelir grubu ve yüksek gelir grubu ülkeleri için 2000-2022 döneminde yeşil büyümenin iktisadi ve kurumsal belirleyicilerinin incelenmesidir. Sistem genelleştirilmiş momentler yöntemi çerçevesinde elde edilen sonuçlar tüm ülke grupları için hukukun üstünlüğü, ekonomik özgürlük ve siyasi istikrar ve şiddetin / terörün yokluğu gibi kurumsal faktörlerin yeşil büyüme üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte iktisadi değişkenler arasında yer alan ekonomik büyüme, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve dışa açıklık derecesi ise farklı ülke grupları için yeşil büyüme üzerinde anlamlı etkiler doğurmaktadır. Bu sonuçlara göre her ülke grubu için farklı politika önerilerinin dikkate alınması önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Yeşil Büyüme
• Kurumsal Faktörler
• SGMM

A Study on the Necessity of Different Policies for Different Country Groups in the Green Growth Process

Öz

Growth and development-based strategies that balance long-term economic growth with environmental quality have emerged in the current century as a result of the environmental impacts of economic growth. The idea of "green growth," which gained popularity at the start of the twenty-first century, also accomplishes this. This study aims to investigate the institutional and economic factors that influence green growth in lower-middle-income, low-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries between 2000 and 2022. The results obtained within the framework of the system generalized method of moments showed that institutional factors such as the rule of law, economic freedom and political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism do not have any effect on green growth for all country groups. For various country groups, however, economic factors including economic growth, foreign direct investments, and the degree of openness have significant effects on green growth. Different policy suggestions for each country group should be taken into account in light of these findings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Economic Growth
• Green Growth
• Institutional Factors
• SGMM

Kaynakça

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