Küreselleşme, Ekonomik Kalkınma ve Kamu Kesiminin Demokratikleşme Seviyesi Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Yeni Sanayileşen Ülkeler (Brezilya, Çin, Hindistan, Endonezya, Malezya, Meksika, Filipinler, Güney Afrika, Tayland, Türkiye) için küreselleşme, ekonomik kalkınma ve ekonomideki kamu kesimi büyüklüğünün demokratikleşme seviyesi üzerindeki etkisi panel veri analizi yöntemiyle 2003-2017 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Değişken olarak Freedom House Endeksi, KOF Endeksi, kişi başına düşen milli gelir ve kamu kesimi toplam nihai tüketim harcamalarının gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla içindeki payı kullanılmıştır. Serilerin durağanlığı, ikinci kuşak birim kök testlerinden Pesaran (2007) tarafından geliştirilen CIPS panel birim kök testiyle sınanmıştır. Ayrıca, çalışmada Driscoll-Kraay Model Tahmini yaklaşımı kullanılmış ve nedensellik ilişkisi Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) testiyle tahmin edilmiştir. Panel veri analizi sonuçlarına göre demokratikleşme seviyesi üzerinde; küreselleşmenin negatif, ekonomik kalkınma ve kamu kesimi büyüklüğünün ise pozitif etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ekonomik kalkınmadan kamu kesimi büyüklüğüne doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Demokratikleşme
• Küreselleşme
• Ekonomik Kalkınma
• Kamu Kesimi

The Effect of Globalization, Economic Development and the Public Sector on the Level of Democratization

Öz

In this study, the effect of globalization, economic development and the size of the public sector in the economy on the level of democratization for the Newly Industrialized Countries (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey) was tested with panel data analysis method using the 2003-2017 period annual data. Freedom House Index, KOF Index, per capita national income and share of the public sector total final consumption expenditures in the gross domestic product were used as variables. The stationarity of the series was tested with the CIPS panel unit root test, one of the second generation unit root tests, developed by Pesaran (2007). In addition, the Driscoll-Kraay Model Estimation approach was used in the study and the causality relationship was estimated by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) test. According to panel data analysis results, it has been determined that globalization has a negative effect, whereas the size of the public sector in the economy and economic development has a positive effect above the level of democratization. It has also been concluded that there is a one-way causality relationship from economic development to the size of the public sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Democratization
• Globalization
• Economic Development
• Public Sector

Kaynakça

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