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Gissing’in New Grub Street Adlı Romanında Alternatif Erkeklik Betimlemeleri ve Eril Anksiyete Tasvirleri

Yıl 2022, 30. Yıl Özel Sayısı, 99 - 108, 28.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1081518

Öz

Bu çalışma, İngiliz toplumunun cinsiyet rolleri açısından büyük bir değişim geçirdiği ve Viktorya döneminin son on yılına tekâmül eden fin de siècle döneminin başında yazılmış olan George Gissing’in New Grub Street romanını maskülinist bir bakış açısıyla, alternatif erkeklik inşası ve eril anksiyete tasvirleri bağlamında analiz ederek, edebiyatta erkeklik çalışmaları literatürüne katkı sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Toplumsal baskının had safhada olduğu bu dönemde, hegemonik erkeklik normlarına uyum sağlamakta güçlük çeken eril bireyler, ya üzerlerinde oluşan psikolojik baskının altında ezilerek eril anksiyete yaşamaya başlamış, ya da kendi alternatif erkek kimliklerini oluşturmuşlardır. Çalışma, seçili romanı her iki bağlamda da inceleyerek, Gissing’in yarattığı Edwin Reardon karakterine yoğunlaşmış ve bu karakter üzerinden hem alternatif erkeklik modellerinin varlığını hem de hegemonik cinsiyet normlarının erkeklikler üzerinde yarattığı yıkıcı etkilerin eril anksiyete ile sonuçlanmasını göstermesi açısından New Grub Street’in erken dönem bir maskülinist edebi metin örneği olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Brady, S. (2009). Masculinity and male homosexuality in Britain: 1961-1913. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Brantlinger, P. (1983). Bohemia versus Grub Street: artists and writers’ communities in nineteenth century Paris and London. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, 16 (4), 25-42.
  • Bassett, T. J. (2005). Circulating morals: George Moore’s attack on late-Victorian literary censorship. Pacific Cost Philology, 40 (2), 73-89.
  • Edley, N. (2006). Never the twain shall meet: a critical appraisal of the combination of discourse and psychoanalytic theory in studies of men and masculinity. Springer Science+ Business Media. 601-608.
  • Gissing, G. (1891) New Grub Street. Retrieved from https://libgen.is/search.php?req=New+Grub+Street&open=0&res=25&view=simple&phrase=1&column=def
  • Heyck, T. W. (2002). Freelance writers and the changing terrain of intellectual life in Britain, 1880-1980. Albion: A quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies, 34 (2), 232-267.
  • Mackenzie, T. & Christie C. N. (2012). Anxiety disorders. R.H Albers & W.H. Meller (Eds). Ministry with persons with mental illness and their families. (pp. 33-57). UK: Fortress Press.
  • McNally, R J. (2012). Fear, anxiety, and their disorders. J. Plamper & B. Lazier (Eds). Fear: across the disciplines (pp. 15-34). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
  • Reeser, T. W. (2010). Masculinities in theory: an introduction. West Sussex: Wiley& Blackwell.
  • Selig, R. L. (1983). An unknown Gissing story from the Chicago Daily News. Studies in Bibliography, 36, 205-212.
  • Sloan, J. (1989). George Gissing: the cultural challenge. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Smart, G. & Amelia Y. (2008). Introduction: Victorian masculinities. Critical Survey, 20 (3), 1-5.
  • Sussman, H. (2012). Masculine identities: the history and meaning of manliness. USA: Abc Clio.

Portrayal of Alternative Masculinities and Depiction of Male Anxiety in Gissing’s Novel: New Grub Street

Yıl 2022, 30. Yıl Özel Sayısı, 99 - 108, 28.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1081518

Öz

This study aims to contribute to the development of literary masculinity studies by investigating the construction of alternative masculinities in George Gissing’s New Grub Street, which was written in Victorian fin de siècle, during which British society witnessed great transformations in its social structure and gender order. In fin de siècle Britain, because of the societal pressures, men who found it difficult to fit into pre-determined hegemonic masculine roles either suffered from male anxiety, or they created their alternative masculine identities themselves. Tracing the reflection of these two occasions by applying the tenets of masculinist theory to the novel, and focusing on male protagonist Edwin Reardon, the study demonstrates that the novel can be classified as an early example of masculinist texts, in its portrayal of alternative masculinities and exhibition of the devastating effects of hegemonic gender idealizations on male individuals which resulted in the formation of male-specific anxiety.

Kaynakça

  • Brady, S. (2009). Masculinity and male homosexuality in Britain: 1961-1913. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Brantlinger, P. (1983). Bohemia versus Grub Street: artists and writers’ communities in nineteenth century Paris and London. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, 16 (4), 25-42.
  • Bassett, T. J. (2005). Circulating morals: George Moore’s attack on late-Victorian literary censorship. Pacific Cost Philology, 40 (2), 73-89.
  • Edley, N. (2006). Never the twain shall meet: a critical appraisal of the combination of discourse and psychoanalytic theory in studies of men and masculinity. Springer Science+ Business Media. 601-608.
  • Gissing, G. (1891) New Grub Street. Retrieved from https://libgen.is/search.php?req=New+Grub+Street&open=0&res=25&view=simple&phrase=1&column=def
  • Heyck, T. W. (2002). Freelance writers and the changing terrain of intellectual life in Britain, 1880-1980. Albion: A quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies, 34 (2), 232-267.
  • Mackenzie, T. & Christie C. N. (2012). Anxiety disorders. R.H Albers & W.H. Meller (Eds). Ministry with persons with mental illness and their families. (pp. 33-57). UK: Fortress Press.
  • McNally, R J. (2012). Fear, anxiety, and their disorders. J. Plamper & B. Lazier (Eds). Fear: across the disciplines (pp. 15-34). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
  • Reeser, T. W. (2010). Masculinities in theory: an introduction. West Sussex: Wiley& Blackwell.
  • Selig, R. L. (1983). An unknown Gissing story from the Chicago Daily News. Studies in Bibliography, 36, 205-212.
  • Sloan, J. (1989). George Gissing: the cultural challenge. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Smart, G. & Amelia Y. (2008). Introduction: Victorian masculinities. Critical Survey, 20 (3), 1-5.
  • Sussman, H. (2012). Masculine identities: the history and meaning of manliness. USA: Abc Clio.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Özlem Yılmaz 0000-0001-6906-3825

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 30. Yıl Özel Sayısı

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, Ö. (2022). Portrayal of Alternative Masculinities and Depiction of Male Anxiety in Gissing’s Novel: New Grub Street. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(Özel Sayı), 99-108. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1081518