Ekonomik Özgürlük Kavramı Açısından Ülke Karşılaştırmaları: Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 245 - 268, 28.09.2022

Gökhan Özkaya

https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1098468

Öz

Ekonomik özgürlük, birçok yönü olan geniş bir terimdir. Çalışmanın amacı da, ekonomik özgürlük bileşenlerine yönelik farkındalığı artırmak ve analitik bir yaklaşım sağlamaktır. 40 ülkeyi değerlendirmek için Entropi, TOPSIS, ARAS, SAW, Borda Sayım Metodu, Kümeleme ve Spearman korelasyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya göre, Hong Kong, Singapur ve İsviçre gibi kişi başına düşen GSYİH'nın en yüksek olduğu ülkeler ekonomik özgürlük sıralamasında en üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. Öte yandan Polonya, Tayland ve Rusya gibi kişi başına düşen gelirin düşük olduğu ülkeler ise, en alt sıralarda yer almaktadır. Düşük puan alan ülkelerdeki hükümetler ve yetkililer, ticaret tarifeleri, enflasyon ve hesap kısıtlamaları açısından vatandaşları ve yabancı yatırımcılar için istikrar, güven ve kolaylık ortamı tesis etmelidir. Bireyler, gruplar, sivil toplum kuruluşları ve kurumlar, karar vericileri ve politikacıları vergiler, enflasyon politikaları, hesap kısıtlamaları ve daha fazla özgürlük lehine karar alma açısından yeni eylem planlarında bulunmaya ikna etmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik Özgürlük, SAW, ARAS, Kümeleme Analizi

Country Comparisons on the Concept of Economic Freedom: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

Öz

Economic freedom is a broad term with numerous aspects. The aim of the study is to increase awareness of the economic freedom components and to provide an analytical approach. Entropy, TOPSIS, ARAS, SAW, Borda Count Method, Clustering, and Spearman correlation analysis were used to assess 40 nations. The countries with the greatest per capita GDP such as Hong Kong, Singapore, and Switzerland are at the top of the economic freedom ranking. On the other side, countries with low per-capita income such as Poland, Thailand, and Russian Federation rank bottom. Governments and officials in low-scoring nations must provide an environment of stability, trust, and facilitation for their residents and foreign investors in terms of trade tariffs, inflation, and account restrictions. Individuals, groups, non-governmental organizations, and institutions should persuade decision-makers and politicians to take novel action plans in terms of taxes, inflation policies, account restrictions, and decision-making in favour of greater freedom.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic Freedom, SAW, ARAS, Cluster Analysis

Kaynakça

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