Searching Some Blood Parametres for Indication of Dehydration Following Training in Swimmers

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 136 - 150, 30.06.2018

Defne Öcal Kaplan , Deniz Öcal

Öz

The aim of the
study to identify the level of changes in blood sodium (Na⁺),
potassium (K⁺) and  chlorine
(Cl^-) due to dehydration after training in swimmers.  31 swimmers (9 female, 22 male) which are
training in Ankara City participated in this study. The ages of the subjects
vary between ages 13-16, (in male 14.40±1.44 years and in female 14.33±1
years), their height vary between 166.00±6.61 cm (in male 166.66±6.61 cm and in
female 160.95±4.82 cm) and their total training time is 6.41±1.31 years. The
pool temperature is fixed to 23°C and the humidity to 97%. The before and after
training analyses of the subjects yielded the following results, body weight
(BW) ( in female BT:48.96±5.79 kg, AT: 47.33±5.51 kg, in male BT: 59.30±5.89
kg, AT: 57.43±5.79 kg), blood sodium (Na⁺) (in female BT:
142.77±1.64 mmol/L, AT: 140.88±2.14 kg, in male BT: 143.40±1.91 mmol/L, AT:
141.66±2.10 mmol/L), blood potassium (K⁺) (in female BT: 4.77±0.21
mmol/L, AT: 4.87±0.21 mmol/L, in male BT: 4.71±0.2 mmol/L, AT: 4.80±0.17
mmol/L), blood chloride (Cl^-) (in female BT: 108±1.22 mmol/L, AT:
106.22±1.09 mmol/L, in male BT: 105.72±2.31 mmol/L, AT: 103.90±2.61 mmol/L).
the obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 15.0 program. As a result,
dehydration induced Na⁺ and Cl^- ions increase and K⁺
ion reduce in blood after long-term exercise was determined as significant in
swimmers (p<0.05).  Replacement of
lost fluids and electrolytes is extremely important for the athlete's health
and performance. As the body fluids decrease, the performance decreases, the
thermoregulation deteriorates, the the tolerance of the temperature decreases
and various physiological conditions arise. In order to protect and improve
these situations, athletes should take regular measures to consume liquids at
regular intervals throughout the day. And they need to create and apply a
special fluid intake plan.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dehydration, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Exercise, Sweat

Yüzücülerde Antrenman Sonucu Oluşan Dehidrasyonun Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı,
yüzücülerdeki antrenman sonrası sıvı kaybına bağlı ağırlık değişiminin kandaki,
sodyum (Na⁺), potayum (K⁺) ve klor (Cl^-)
düzeylerine etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmaya Ankara İli’nde aktif olarak
yüzme sporuyla uğraşan 31 gönüllü (9 kadın, 22 erkek) yüzücü katılmıştır.
Katılımcıların yaşları 13-16 yıl arasında (erkeklerde 14.40±1.44 yıl, kadınlarda
14.33±1 yıl), boy uzunlukları 166.00±6.61 cm (erkeklerde 166.66±6.61 cm ve
kadınlarda 160.95±4.82 cm), spor yaşları 6.41±1.31 yıl olarak ölçülmüştür.
Havuz ısısı 23°C, nemlilik %97 olarak ayarlanmıştır. Katılımcıların antrenman
öncesi ve sonrası vücut ağırlıkları (kadınlarda AÖ: 48.96±5.79kg, AS:
47.33±5.51kg; erkeklerde AÖ: 59.30±5.89 kg, 
AS: 57.43±5.79 kg), kan sodyum (Na⁺) (kadınlarda AÖ:
142.77±1.64 mmol/L, AS: 140.88±2.14 kg; erkeklerde AÖ: 143.40±1.91 mmol/L,
AS:141.66±2.10 mmol/L), kan potasyum (K⁺) (kadınlarda AÖ: 4.77±0.21
mmol/L, AS: 4.87±0.21 mmol/L; erkeklerde AÖ: 4.71±0.2 mmol/L, AS: 4.80±0.17
mmol/L), kan klor (Cl^-) (kadınlarda AÖ: 108.0±1.22 mmol/L, AS:
106.22±1.09 mmol/L, erkeklerde AÖ: 105.72±2.31 mmol/L, AS: 103.90±2.61 mmol/L)
olarak ölçülmüştür. Daha sonra elde edilen veriler SPSS 15.0 programı
kullanılarak ilişkileri incelenmiştir.  
Sonuç olarak yüzücülerde uzun süreli ve yoğun interval antrenman
programı ile kandaki Na⁺ ve Cl^- iyonlarında azalma ve K⁺
iyonlarında ise artışın anlamlı seviyede olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.05).
Kaybedilen sıvı ve elektrolitlerin yerine konması sporcunun, sağlığı ve
performansının korunması için son derece önemlidir. Vücut sıvılarının azalması
ile performansta düşme, termoregülasyonda bozulma, sıcağı tolera edememe gibi
çeşitli fizyolojik durumlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu durumlardan korunmak ve
düzeltmek için sporcuların gün içerisinde düzenli olarak belirli aralıklarla
sıvı tüketmeye özen göstermesi kendilerine özel bir sıvı alım planı
oluşturmaları gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dehidrasyon, Sodyum, Potasyum, Klor, Egzersiz, Terleme

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