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The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 535 - 550, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977

Öz

The aim of this study was to test the leisure boredom perceptions and predictive power for motivations for participation in physical activity and presenteeism perceptions and analyze the effects among university students. Additionally, a secondary aim was to reveal whether leisure boredom perceptions, physical activity motivation and presenteeism differed according to some variables or not. In line with these aims, a total of 517 students attending different universities in Türkiye and volunteering to participate in the research completed the Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS), Motivation Scale for Participation in Physical Activity (MSPPA) and Presenteeism Scale for Adults (PSA). The data underwent correlation, regression, MANOVA and ANOVA. According to regression analysis, the LBS boredom subscale predicted the PSA work completion and avoiding distraction subscales; while it significantly predicted the MSPPA subscales of “individual reasons” and “lack of reasons”. Additionally, the LBS “dissatisfaction” subscale appeared to significantly predict the PSA “work completion” and MSPPA “individual reasons”, “environmental reasons” and “lack of reasons” subscales. The research findings identified significant differences according to gender, membership status and physical activity participation variables. In conclusion, the physical activity motivation and presenteeism of university students were identified to be associated with perceived boredom during leisure, and it is understood leisure perceptions positively affect important areas of life (like health and education).

Kaynakça

  • Akay, B., Ayhan, B., & Yaşartürk, F. (2022). Boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejisi ve mutluluk düzeyi arasındaki ilişki. Uluslararası Güncel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 593-607. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/intjces/issue/74658/1216003
  • Altun-Ekiz, M., Kır, S., & Ulucan, H. (2021). Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyon düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Uluslararası Türk Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi Dergisi, 1(2), 1-11. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijtsep/issue/67969/997074
  • Batyra, A. (2017). Türkiye’de cinsiyete dayalı başarı farkı. Aydın Doğan Vakfı ve Eğitim Reformu Girişimi raporu. Retrieved from: http://www. egitimreformugirisimi. org/yayin/turkiyede-cinsiyete-dayali-basari-farki-pisa-arastirmasi-bulgulari.
  • Bench, S. W., & Lench, H. C. (2013). On the function of boredom. Behavioral Sciences, 3(3), 459-472. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030459
  • Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Hagberg, J., Lindh, T., Aronsson, G., & Josephson, M. (2009). Does sickness presenteeism have an impact on future general health? International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 82(10), 1179–1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-009-0433-6
  • Bozkurt, T. M., & Tamer, K. (2020). Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu düzeyi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 286-298. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.759018
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
  • Chu, T. L., & Zhang, T. (2018). Sport club participation and health-related outcomes in college students: Comparisons by sex and academic classification. Recreational Sports Journal, 42(1), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.2016-0030
  • Cooper, C. L. (1998). The changing nature of work [1]. Community, Work & Family, 1(3), 313-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668809808414238
  • Craike, M. J., Hibbins, R., & Cuskelly, G. (2010). The Influence of various aspects of enjoyment on participation in leisure time physical activity. World Leisure Journal, 52(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2010.9674619
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methodologies. Oxford University Press
  • Doğan, M., Gürkan, E., & Gürbüz, B. (2019). Serbest zaman doyumu, serbest zamanda sıkılma algısı ve iş tatmini ilişkisi: Akademisyenler üzerine bir araştırma. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(1), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.521555
  • Ehrlich‐Jones, L., Lee, J., Semanik, P., Cox, C., Dunlop, D., & Chang, R. W. (2011). Relationship between beliefs, motivation, and worries about physical activity and physical activity participation in persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research, 63(12), 1700-1705. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.20616
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Serbest Zamanlarda Sıkılma Algısı, Fiziksel Aktivite Katılım Motivasyonu ve Prezenteizm İlişkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 535 - 550, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı; üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zamanlarda sıkılma algılarının, fiziksel aktivite katılım motivasyonlarını ve prezenteizm algılarını yordama gücünü test etmek ve etkilerini analiz etmektir. Buna ek olarak, serbest zamanlarda sıkılma algısı, fiziksel aktivite motivasyonu ve prezenteizmin bazı değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, Türkiye’nin farklı üniversitelerinde öğrenim gören ve gönüllü olarak araştırmaya katılan 517 öğrenciye Boş Zamanlarda Sıkılma Algısı Ölçeği (BZSAÖ; Kara, Gürbüz ve Öncü, 2014), Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonu Ölçeği (FAKMÖ; Tekkurşun-Demir ve Cicioğlu, 2018) ve Yetişkinler İçin Prezenteizm Ölçeği (YPÖ; Sarıçam ve ark., 2013) uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere korelasyon, regresyon, MANOVA ve ANOVA uygulanmıştır. Regresyon analizlerine göre, BZSAÖ “sıkılma” alt boyutunun YPÖ “iş tamamlama” ve “eğlenceden kaçma” alt boyutlarını; FAKMÖ “bireysel nedenler” ve “nedensizlik” alt boyutlarını anlamlı derecede yordadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, BZSAÖ “doyumsuzluk” alt boyutunun YPÖ “iş tamamlama”; FAKMÖ “bireysel nedenler”, “çevresel nedenler” ve “nedensizlik” altboyutlarını anlamlı derecede yordadığı görülmüştür. Araştırma bulgularında, cinsiyet, üyelik durumu ve fiziksel aktiviteye katılım değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklıklar tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite motivasyonunun ve prezenteizmin serbest zamanlarda algılanan sıkılma ile ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmekle birlikte, serbest zaman algısının hayatın önemli alanlarına (sağlık ve eğitim gibi) olumlu etki ettiği anlaşılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Akay, B., Ayhan, B., & Yaşartürk, F. (2022). Boş zaman yoluyla stresle baş etme stratejisi ve mutluluk düzeyi arasındaki ilişki. Uluslararası Güncel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 593-607. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/intjces/issue/74658/1216003
  • Altun-Ekiz, M., Kır, S., & Ulucan, H. (2021). Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyon düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Uluslararası Türk Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi Dergisi, 1(2), 1-11. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijtsep/issue/67969/997074
  • Batyra, A. (2017). Türkiye’de cinsiyete dayalı başarı farkı. Aydın Doğan Vakfı ve Eğitim Reformu Girişimi raporu. Retrieved from: http://www. egitimreformugirisimi. org/yayin/turkiyede-cinsiyete-dayali-basari-farki-pisa-arastirmasi-bulgulari.
  • Bench, S. W., & Lench, H. C. (2013). On the function of boredom. Behavioral Sciences, 3(3), 459-472. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030459
  • Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Hagberg, J., Lindh, T., Aronsson, G., & Josephson, M. (2009). Does sickness presenteeism have an impact on future general health? International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 82(10), 1179–1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-009-0433-6
  • Bozkurt, T. M., & Tamer, K. (2020). Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu düzeyi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 286-298. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.759018
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
  • Chu, T. L., & Zhang, T. (2018). Sport club participation and health-related outcomes in college students: Comparisons by sex and academic classification. Recreational Sports Journal, 42(1), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1123/rsj.2016-0030
  • Cooper, C. L. (1998). The changing nature of work [1]. Community, Work & Family, 1(3), 313-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668809808414238
  • Craike, M. J., Hibbins, R., & Cuskelly, G. (2010). The Influence of various aspects of enjoyment on participation in leisure time physical activity. World Leisure Journal, 52(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2010.9674619
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methodologies. Oxford University Press
  • Doğan, M., Gürkan, E., & Gürbüz, B. (2019). Serbest zaman doyumu, serbest zamanda sıkılma algısı ve iş tatmini ilişkisi: Akademisyenler üzerine bir araştırma. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(1), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.521555
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  • Gür, S., ve Kılıçkaya, O. (2022). Spor yapan bireylerin COVID-19 kaygısı ve serbest zaman sıkılma düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Holistik Sağlık, Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 1(1), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7487738
  • Gürbüz, B., Kara, F. M., & Sarol, H. (2017). Türk kadınlarının serbest zamanda sıkılma algısı, benlik saygısı ve yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(4), 188-198. https://www.atauni.edu.tr/yuklemeler/77b9f6aa7c27df71649af002dd9aa2c6.pdf
  • Gürkan, R. K., Koçak, F., & Başar A. (2021) Investigation on the relationship between the leisure satisfaction and psychological well-being in disabled athletes. International Journal of Sport, Exercise & Training Sciences, 7(2), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.890800
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  • Iso-Ahola, S. E., & Weissinger, E. (1990). Perceptions of boredom in leisure: Conceptualization, reliability and validity of the leisure boredom scale. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1990.11969811
  • Jia, H., Shang, P., Gao, S., Cao, P., Yu, J., & Yu, X. (2022). Work stress, health status and presenteeism in relation to task performance among Chinese medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 836113. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.836113
  • Johns, G. (2010). Presenteeism in the workplace: A Review and research agenda. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(4), 519-542. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.630
  • Kara, F. M., Gürbüz, B., & Öncü, E. (2014). Leisure boredom scale: The factor structure and the demographic differences. The Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 16(2), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.15314/tjse.201428102
  • Kara, F. M., & Gücal, A. Ç. (2016). Akademik personellerde işkolikliğin belirlenmesinde serbest zamanda sıkılma algısının rolü. Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi-BÜSBİD, 1(1), 47-62. Retrieved from: https://web.archive.org/web/20180420210201id_/http://busbid.baskent.edu.tr/index.php/busbid/article/viewFile/24/19
  • Kara, F. M., & Özdedeoğlu B. (2017). Serbest zamanda sıkılma algısı ve algılanan engeller arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sport Sciences, 12(3), 24-36. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/nwsaspor/issue/30289/255605
  • Kara, F. M. (2019). Internet addiction: Relationship with perceived freedom in leisure, perception of boredom and sensation seeking. Higher Education Studies, 9(2), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n2p131
  • Kara, F.M., & Gürbüz, B. (2022). Serbest zamanlarda sıkılma algısı: İnternet bağımlılığı ve algılanan sosyal yetkinlik ilişkisi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 200-216. https://doi.org/10.33468/sbsebd.282
  • Karasar, N. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavram, ilkeler ve teknikler. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kargün, M., Kızar, O., Ağaoğlu, Y. S., & Cenikli, A. (2018). Serbest zaman ve spor endüstrisinin yeri. Journal of International Social Research, 11(56), 1096-1100. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20185639075
  • Knani, M. (2022). What motivates tourism and hospitality employees to practice presenteeism?. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 52, 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.06.017
  • Komp, R., Kauffeld, S., & Ianiro-Dahm, P. (2022a). Student presenteeism in digital times - A mixed methods approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), Article 16982. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416982
  • Komp, R., Kauffeld, S., & Ianiro-Dahm, P. (2022b). The concept of health-promoting collaboration - a starting point to reduce presenteeism?. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 782597. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.782597
  • Lohaus, D., & Habermann, W. (2019). Presenteeism: A Review and research directions. Human Resource Management Review, 29(1), 43-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.02.010
  • Matsushita, M., Adachi, H., Arakida, M., Namura, I., Takahashi, Y., Miyata, M., Kumano-go, T., Yamamura, S., Shigedo, Y., Suganuma, N., Mikami, A., Moriyama, T., & Sugita, Y. (2011). Presenteeism in college students: Reliability and validity of the presenteeism scale for students. Quality of Life Research, 20, 439-446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-010-9763-9
  • Matsushita, M., Yamamura, S., & Ikeda, M. (2015). Investigation of prefrontal cortex activity in university students with presenteeism: A near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) study. Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, 5(9), 339-347. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2015.59034
  • Merdan, E., Erdem, A. T., & Gümüşsoy, Y. (2022). Boreout sendromunun üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışı üzerine etkisinde sanal kaytarmanın aracılık rolü. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 10(1), 176-191. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v10i1.1983
  • Merelas-Iglesias, T., & Sánchez-Bello, A. (2019). Benefits of leisure in overcoming gender violence experiences: A Case study. Leisure Studies, 38(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2018.1511744
  • Molanorouzi, K., Khoo, S., & Morris, T. (2015). Motives for adult participation in physical activity: Type of activity, age, and gender. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1429-7
  • Moore, S., Armstrong, C., & Pearson, J. (2008). Lecture absenteeism among students in higher education: A valuable route to understanding student motivation. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 30(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600800701457848
  • Ovink, S. M. (2017). “In today’s society, it’sa necessity” Latino/a postsecondary plans in the college-for-all era. Social Currents, 4(2), 128-145. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329496516663220
  • Quazi, H. (2013). Presenteeism: The invisible cost to organizations. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137275677_3
  • Sarıçam, H., Akın, A., Demirci, İ., & Akın, Ü. (2013, September 8-11). Öğrenciler için Presenteeizm Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlik güvenirlik çalışması [Conference presentation]. Istanbul 2013 World Congress of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Istanbul, Turkey. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17696.28160
  • Sarıçam, H., & Çetintaş, K. (2017a, May 14-17). Relationships between computer/tablet/smart phone game addiction, presenteeism, and school engagement in secondary school students [Conference presentation]. IV. International Eurasian Educational Research, Denizli, Turkey. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.051221
  • Sarıçam, H. & Çetintaş, K. (2017b, May 14-17). Öğretmen adaylarında dürtüsellik, azim ve presenteeism arasındaki ilişki [Conference presentation]. IV. International Eurasian Educational Research Congress. Denizli, Turkey. https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.22267.00809
  • Sarol, H., & Çimen, Z. (2017). Why people participate leisure time physical activity: A Turkish perspective. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 8(1), 63-72. Retrieved from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/psbd/issue/34046/615255
  • Sarol, H., Gürkan, R. K., & Gürbüz, B. (2022). The road to championship: An Example of an individual with autism spectrum disorder. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 14(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.02
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  • Sürücü, L., & Yıkılmaz, İ. (2022). Boreout (iş yerinde sıkılma) ölçeğinin Türkçe formu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 72, 64-77. https://doi.org/10.51290/dpusbe.1018823
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  • Yaşartürk, F., Akyüz, H., & Karataş, İ. (2017). Rekreatif etkinliklere katılan üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zamanda sıkılma algısı ile yaşam doyum düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi (UKSAD), 3(Special Issue 2), 239-252. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/intjcss/issue/33182/369780
  • Yaşartürk, F., Akay, B., & Kul, M. (2022). Üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zaman faaliyetlerine yönelik engel ile baş etme ve saldırganlık davranışlarının incelenmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(2), 216-229. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1128967
  • Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Ma, X., & Di, Q. (2020). Mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemics and the mitigation effects of exercise: A longitudinal study of college students in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), Article 3722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103722
Toplam 65 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Feyza Meryem Kara 0000-0001-9886-4947

Rıfat Kerem Gürkan 0000-0003-2802-9350

Gizem Karaca 0000-0002-7541-3550

Aylin Ugurlu 0000-0002-5148-7061

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Kasım 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kara, F. M., Gürkan, R. K., Karaca, G., Ugurlu, A. (2023). The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(2), 535-550. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977
AMA Kara FM, Gürkan RK, Karaca G, Ugurlu A. The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism. CBÜ BESBD. Aralık 2023;18(2):535-550. doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977
Chicago Kara, Feyza Meryem, Rıfat Kerem Gürkan, Gizem Karaca, ve Aylin Ugurlu. “The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18, sy. 2 (Aralık 2023): 535-50. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977.
EndNote Kara FM, Gürkan RK, Karaca G, Ugurlu A (01 Aralık 2023) The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18 2 535–550.
IEEE F. M. Kara, R. K. Gürkan, G. Karaca, ve A. Ugurlu, “The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism”, CBÜ BESBD, c. 18, sy. 2, ss. 535–550, 2023, doi: 10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977.
ISNAD Kara, Feyza Meryem vd. “The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18/2 (Aralık 2023), 535-550. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977.
JAMA Kara FM, Gürkan RK, Karaca G, Ugurlu A. The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism. CBÜ BESBD. 2023;18:535–550.
MLA Kara, Feyza Meryem vd. “The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 18, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 535-50, doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1306977.
Vancouver Kara FM, Gürkan RK, Karaca G, Ugurlu A. The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism. CBÜ BESBD. 2023;18(2):535-50.