Investigation of Physical Activity Participation Motivations of Adolescents Attending Summer Sports School in the Earthquake Area

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 363 - 375, 31.07.2025

Orhan Fatih Balanlı , Metin Yüceant , Hüseyin Ünlü , Ebru Balanlı

Öz

Motivation, one of the positive effects of physical activity, plays an important role in the trauma and subsequent recovery process after natural disasters. The aim of this study is to determine the motivations for physical activity participation of adolescents participating in physical activity in the earthquake region. In the study, adolescents' motivation levels for participation in physical activity were determined; They were compared in terms of gender, sports group, age and number of siblings variables. The research group consists of a total of 276 (160 females, 116 males) adolescents. “Personal Information Form” and “Motivation Scale For Participation In Physical Activity” were used as data collection tools in the research. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation techniques were used to determine the level of motivation to participate in physical activity. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics as well as t-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were used. According to the research results, a statistically significant difference was found in terms of adolescents' motivation to participate in physical activity and gender, sports group and age. However, no difference was found in terms of the number of siblings variable. In conclusion, it has been determined that the motivation for participation in physical activity is higher among girls compared to boys, among team sport participants compared to individual sport participants, and in the 16-18 age group compared to the 13-15 age group. However, no significant difference was found in terms of the sibling number variable. Within this context, the results obtained regarding sports participation motivation in the earthquake-affected region were discussed in light of the existing literature, and recommendations for future research were provided.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescent , Natural disaster , Physical activity , Motivation

Deprem Bölgesinde Yaz Spor Okuluna Katılan Adolesanların Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonunun İncelenmesi

Öz

Doğal afetler sonrası yaşanan travma ve devamında gelen toparlanma sürecinde fiziksel aktivitenin olumlu etkilerinden biri olan motivasyonun önemli rolü bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, deprem bölgesinde fiziksel aktiviteye katılan adolesanların fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonlarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada adolesanların, fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu düzeyleri belirlenmiş; cinsiyet, spor grubu, yaş ve kardeş sayısı değişkenleri açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma grubu toplam 276 (160 kız, 116 erkek) adolesandan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel Bilgiler Formu” ve “Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonu Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyon düzeyinin belirlenmesinde aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra, t-testi ve one-way ANOVA analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre adolesanların fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonları ile cinsiyet, spor grubu, yaş açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmıştır. Fakat kardeş sayısı değişkeni açısında herhangi bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Sonuç olarak fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonunun kızların erkeklere göre, takım sporu yapanların bireysel spor yapanlara göre, 16-18 yaş grubunun 13-15 yaş grubuna göre yüksek olduğu fakat kardeş sayısı değişkeni bakımından farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda deprem bölgesinde spora katılım motivasyonu açısından değerlendirildiğinde elde edilen sonuçlar alanyazınla tartışılmış ve gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolesan , Doğal afet , Fiziksel aktivite , Motivasyon

Kaynakça

• Altay, A., & Koç, H. (2022). Investigation of the relationship between physical activity participation motivation and digital game playing motivation in terms of the differences between female and male students. Düzce University Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(1), 45-60.
• Altun Ekiz, M., Kır, S., & Ulucan, H. (2021). Comparison of motivation levels of participation in physical activity of secondary school and high school students. International Journal of Turkish Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(2), 1-11.
• Antunes, H., Rodrigues, A., Sabino, B., Alves, R., Correia, A. L., & Lopes, H. (2024). The Effect of motivation on physical activity among middle and high school students. Sports, 12(6), Article 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12060154
• Ateş, N. (2024). Examination of the relation between secondary school students’ motivation to participate in physical activity and their perceptions of the school environment. Master thesis, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Health Sciences, İzmir.
• Bozdağ, B., & Özbek, S. (2020). Examination of high school students’ motivations for participating in physical activity. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 3(2), 395-406. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.838855
• Bozkurt, T. M., & Tamer, K. (2020). Motivation level of participation in physical activity. Gaziantep University Journal of Sport Science, 5(3), 286-298. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.759018
• Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126-131.
• D’Angelo, H., Fowler, S. L., Nebeling, L. C., & Oh, A. Y. (2017). Adolescent physical activity: Moderation of individual factors by neighborhood environment. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(6), 888-894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.013
• Danışman, I. G., & Okay, D. (2017). Disasters, children and adolescents: The Impacts and psychological interventions. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Psychology-Special Topics, 2(3), 189-197.
• Demir, G. T., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2018). Motivation scale for participation in physical activity (MSPPA): A study of validity and reliability. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(4), 2480-2492. http://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i4.5585
• Demir, G. T., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2019). The Relationship between motivation for physical activity participation and motivation for digital gaming. Spormetre the Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 17(3), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.522609
• Dikmenli, Y., & Gafa, İ. (2017). Perception of disaster at different educational stages. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 44, 21-36. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.335007
• Ding, D., Varela, A. R., Bauman, A. E., Ekelund, U., Lee, I. M., Heath, G., Katzmarzyk, O. T., Reis R., & Pratt, M. (2020). Towards better evidence-informed global action: lessons learnt from the Lancet series and recent developments in physical activity and public health. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(8), 462-468. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101001
• Elçi, G., Genç, A., Yaşartürk, F., Aktaş, A. K., & Kaya, G. Y. (2023). Examination of parents’ views on the effects of physical activity on earthquake-stricken children. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 6(1), 1123-1133. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1374670
• Erdoğan, R., Tel, M., Yıldırak, A., Erekli, H., Sarısaç, B., Cavlı, S. M., Yılmaz, E., & Kaya, M. (2023). Investigation of physical activity status of secondary and high school students. The Journal of Social Sciences, (63), 56-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/SOBIDER.68717
• Erim, A., & Küçük, V. (2023). Examination of children’s motivation to participate in sports by gender and sports type. Journal of Physical Education and Sports Studies, 15(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.55929/besad.1225787
• Frömel, K., Groffik, D., Šafář, M., & Mitáš, J. (2022). Differences and associations between physical activity motives and types of physical activity among adolescent boys and girls. BioMed Research International, 1, Article 6305204. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6305204
• George, L. S., Jacob, A., Mohandas, K. S., Ali, H. M., & Mathew, M. M. (2024). Level of physical activity among adolescents in Ernakulam District, Kerala: A Cross-sectional study. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 13(1), 101-106. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_907_23
• Gümüş, B., & Çakır, E. (2023). Examination of physical activity participation motivation and healthy nutrition levels of young individuals who experienced an earthquake. Journal of Kafkas University Sport Sciences, 3(4), 15-30.
• Gürbüz, F., & Koyuncu, N. E. (2023). Children and earthquake. U. Özkaya (Ed.), 2. International Conference On Scientific and Academic Research in the book of proceedings (pp. 379-383). Konya.
• Hu, D., Zhou, S., Crowley-McHattan, Z. J., & Liu, Z. (2021). Factors that influence participation in physical activity in school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic review from the social ecological model perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), Article 3147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063147
• Hussain, E., Kalaycıoğlu, S., Milliner, C. W., & Çakır, Z. (2023). Preconditioning the 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) earthquake disaster. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 4(5), 287-289. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00411-2
• Işık, Ö., Aydınlıoğlu, H. M., Koç, S., Gündoğdu, O., Korkmaz, G., & Ay, A. (2012). Disaster management and disaster oriented health services. Okmeydanı Medical Journal, 28(2), 82-123. https://doi.org//10.5222/otd.supp2.2012.082
• Kalajas-Tilga, H., Koka, A., Hein, V., Tilga, H., & Raudsepp, L. (2020). Motivational processes in physical education and objectively measured physical activity among adolescents. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(5), 462-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2019.06.001
• Karabatak, S., & Alanoğlu, M. (2023). Return to post-earthquake education, A. Yiğit (Ed.), 11. International Summit Scientific Research Congress in the book of proceedings (pp. 308-314). Gaziantep.
• Karasar, N. (2012). Scientific research method. Nobel Publisher.
• Keçecioğlu, T. (2000). Building a team. Alfa Publisher.
• Knittle, K., Nurmi, J., Crutzen, R., Hankonen, N., Beattie, M., & Dombrowski, S. U. (2018). How can interventions increase motivation for physical activity? A Systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 12(3), 211-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2018.1435299
• Kolçak, S., & Çakır, E. (2022). Impact of secondary school students’ motivation to play digital games on motivation to participate in physical activity. Research in Sport Education and Sciences, 24(4), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.5152/JPESS.2022.221635
• Kukuoğlu, A. (2018). Psychological traumas after natural disasters and a sample psychological support education program. Journal of Disaster and Risk, 1(1), 39-52.
• Langøy, A., Smith, O. R., Wold, B., Samdal, O., & Haug, E. M. (2019). Associations between family structure and young people’s physical activity and screen time behaviors. BMC Public Health, 19, Article 433. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6740-2
• Ministiry of National Education (n.d.). Earthquake and psychological trauma. Access Adress https://www.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2020_02/02161852_ogretmenler_icin_yardim_klavuzu_v2.pdf Access Date: 15.03.2024.
• Ministiry of Interior Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (n.d.). Annotated dictionary of disaster management terms. In e-library. Access Date: January 25, 2024, https://www.afad.gov.tr/aciklamali-afet-yonetimi-terimleri-sozlugu Access Date: 25.02.2024.
• Moradi, J., Bahrami, A., & Dana, A. (2020). Motivation for participation in sports based on athletes in team and individual sports. Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, 85(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0002
• Nopembri, S., Rithaudin, A., Saryono, & Sugiyama, Y. (2017). Developing children’s communication and social awareness skills in volcano disaster areas through physical education and sports programs. Advances in Physical Education, 7(1), 70-84. https://doi.org/10.4236/ape.2017.71007
• Nopembri, S., Saryono, & Sugiyama, Y. (2016). Reducing children’s negative emotional states through physical education and sport in disaster-prone areas. Advances in Physical Education, 6(1), 10-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ape.2016.61002
• Özkurt, B., & Küçükibiş, H. F. (2024). The motivation of 12-18 years old students to participate in physical activity and their happiness levels. Sivas Cumhuriyet University Journal of Sport Sciences, 5(1), 27-37.
• Pluhar, E., McCracken, C., Griffith, K. L., Christino, M. A., Sugimoto, D., & Meehan III, W. P. (2019). Team sport athletes may be less likely to suffer anxiety or depression than individual sport athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18(3), 490-496.
• Portela-Pino, I., López-Castedo, A., Martínez-Patiño, M. J., Valverde-Esteve, T., & Domínguez-Alonso, J. (2019). Gender differences in motivation and barriers for the practice of physical exercise in adolescence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), Article 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010168
• Republic of Turkiye Ministiry of Health. (2014). Türkiye physical activity guide. H. Demirel, H. Kayıhan, E. N. Özmert & A. Doğan (Eds.), In Physical activity in children and adolescents (pp. 9-13). Kuban.
• Roychowdhury, D. (2012). Examining reasons for participation in sport and exercise using the physical activity and leisure motivation scale (PALMS). PhD thesis, Victoria University, Melbourne.
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
• Schmidt, S. C., Henn, A., Albrecht, C., & Woll, A. (2017). Physical activity of German children and adolescents 2003–2012: The MoMo-study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(11), Article 1375. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111375
• Şahi̇n, Y., & Okan, N. (2024). Development of a scale examining post‐disaster coping motivations in Türkiye after the 6 February earthquake. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 33(2), Article e2031. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2031
• Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. (6th ed.). Pearson Publisher.
• Temel, V. & Nas, K. (2021). Motivation for participation in sports; reasons of participation in sports and exercise of high school students taking part in school sports. Inonu University, Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 8(2), 33-49.
• Vignadelli, L. Z., Ronque, E. R. V., Bueno, M. R. D. O., Dib, L. R. P., & Serassuelo, H. (2018). Motives for sports practice in young soccer and volleyball athletes. Revista Brasileira De Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 20(6), 585-597. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n6p585
• Wahl-Alexander, Z. (2015). Practitioners' experiences creating and implementing an emotional recovery and physical activity program following a natural disaster. Strategies, 28(2), 17-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2014.1001102
• Yılmaz, O., & Çetinkaya, B. (2024). A Study on future expectations and motivations for participation in recreational sports of young adults after the earthquake. Journal of National Sport Sciences, 8(1), 16-27. https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.1396069