Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı Olan Bireylerde Dispne Şiddeti ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2020, , 318 - 324, 30.09.2020

Aylin Helvacı , Nur Izgu , Leyla Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.684158

Öz

Amaç: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tasarımla yürütülen bu araştırma kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığında (KOAH) dispne şiddeti ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Yöntem: Araştırma 6 Kasım-15 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında iki üniversite hastanesinin dahiliye ve göğüs hastalıkları birimine başvuran KOAH tanılı 145 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri hasta bilgi formu ve Dispne-12 ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlatıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, ortanca, çeyrekler) Kruskal Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortancası 66,0 olup, çoğunluğunu erkek (%74,5) ve evre 3 KOAH tanısı ile izlenen (%37,2) bireyler oluşturmuştur. Bu araştırmada, dispne şiddetinin kadınlarda, gelir durumu düşük olan ve çalışmayan bireylerde daha yüksek olduğu ve sigara paket/yılı arttıkça dispne şiddetinin arttığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Buna ek olarak, solunum fonksiyon testi parametreleri kötüleştikçe, KOAH evresi ve son bir yıldaki alevlenme sayısı arttıkça dispne şiddetinin arttığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarından hareketle, sağlık profesyonellerinin KOAH’ta dispne şiddetini değerlendirirken hastalıkla ilgili parametrelere ek olarak sosyo-demografik özellikleri de göz önünde bulundurmaları önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dispne, Kronik Hastalık, Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı, Semptom

Kaynakça

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