Maternal ve Fetal Sağlık İçin Büyük Tehlike: Maternal Obezite

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 401 - 407, 30.09.2020

Büşra Demirer Hülya Yardımcı

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.685203

Öz

Maternal obezite, dünya çapında prevalansı gittikçe artan patolojik bir durumdur. Maternal, fetal-neonatal sağlığı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Gestasyonel diyabet, hipertansiyon, preeklampsi, düşük riski, enfeksiyonlar en sık karşılaşılan maternal komplikasyonlar iken, preterm doğum, makrozomi, konjenital anomaliler, fetal ve neonatal mortalite en sık karşılaşılan fetal komplikasyonlardandır. Maternal obezite ayrıca erken çocukluk dönemi sorunlarına ve uzun süreli sağlık problemlerine de yol açabilmektedir. Maternal obezitenin neden olduğu komplikasyonlar göz önüne alındığında, tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinin önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu konuda öncelikle gebelik öncesi kadının normal ağırlığına getirilip gebe kalması oldukça önemlidir. Prekonsepsiyonel dönemde kadınlara obezitenin olası sonuçları hakkında bilgilendirme yapılmalıdır. İlk prenatal muayeneden itibaren düzenli ağırlık izlemi yapılmalıdır. Uluslararası otoriteler tarafından belirlenmiş ağırlık kazanım miktarlarına dikkat edilmelidir. Sağlıklı bir gebelik süreci için gerekli taramaların yapılması sağlanmalıdır. İlk muayeneden itibaren bireysel olarak hazırlanmış beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite programlarına uyulmalıdır. Bu derleme çalışmasında günümüzde prevalansı oldukça yüksek olan maternal obezitenin olası maternal ve fetal komplikasyonlarının, emzirme dönemine etkilerinin güncel bilgiler eşliğinde paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

maternal, beslenme, fetal, diyabet

Kaynakça

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