Covid 19 Hastalığı Tanısında RT-PCR İle Toraks BT Sonuçlarının Yorumlanması
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 569 - 575, 29.12.2024
Yüksel Akkaya
,
Cesur Samancı
,
Feray Ferda Şenol
,
Melike Yeşildal
,
Orhan Baylan
Öz
Amaç: Coronavirüsler (CoV'ler) tek sarmallı pozitif polariteli zarflı RNA virüsleridir. İnsanlara, kuşlara, yarasalara, farelere ve diğer vahşi hayvanlara bulaşır.2003 yılında şiddetli akut solunum sendromu CoV(SARS-CoV) ve 2012 yılında Orta Doğu solunum sendromu CoV(MERS-CoV) kaynaklı corona virüslerin yaptığı salgınlardır. Aralık 2019'da Wuhan'da açıklanamayan pnömoni vakalarının yeni bir CoV mutasyonu olduğu keşfedildi. Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 yılında DSÖ tarafından COVID-19 olarak adlandırılmıştır. Hızla yayılan ve pandemiye neden olan COVID-19 hastalığının klinik şiddeti, yayılma hızı, spesifik tedavi edici ilaçlarının etkisizliği nedeniyle hastalığın erken dönemde teşhis edilmesi önem kazanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mart-Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında İstanbul Sultan Abdülhamid Han Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'ne COVID-19 ön tanısı ile başvuran 18 yaş üstü hastalar ve hastane çalışanları çalışmaya alındı. COVID-19 tanısı için hastaların nazofarengeal (NF) sürüntü örneği RT-PCR çalışması ve eş zamanlı Toraks BT'si ile değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya 3.588 kişi dahil edildi; 1.381'inde aynı anda göğüs BT'si yapıldı. COVID-19 RT-PCR testi, QİAGEN ® ROTORGEN ® cihazı ile Bio-speedy COVID-19 RT-qPCR tespit kiti (orf1ab ve N geni / Türkiye) ile analiz edildi. Eş zamanlı olarak, Sağlık Bakanlığı'nın önerdiği evreleme sistemine dayalı olarak iki bağımsız gözlemci tarafından iki farklı radyolog tarafından Toraks BT’leri incelendi
Bulgular: 3588 kişiden 404'ünün RT-PCR’ı pozitif (%11.3), iken 1381'de hasta’nın da toraks BT (%38.5) evrelmeleri yapıldı. Toraks BT ve RT PCR pozitif olan tüm hastalarda tutulum varken (p<0.05), RT PCR negatif hastaların 394'ünde (%39.9) erken evre (evre1)tutulumu saptandı.Tanı için RT-PCR ve Toraks BT birlikte uygulandığında yaş, cinsiyet ve BT bulguları istatistiksel anlamlıdır (p<0.05).
Sonuçlar:RT-PCR testlerinin Toraks BT ile birlikte kullanılması COVID-19 hastalığının teşhisini kolaylaştıracaktır.
Etik Beyan
SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Hamidiye Bilimsel Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu
Kaynakça
- 1. Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, Chu H, To KK, Yuan S, et al. Genomiccharacterization of the 2019 novelhuman-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Jan 28;9(1):221-236.doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902.
- 2. Xu J, Zhao S, Teng T, Abdalla AE, Zhu W, Xie L, et al. Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Viruses. 2020 Feb 22;12(2):244.
- 3. Wang L, Shi Z, Zhang S, Field H, Daszak P, Eaton B. Review of Bats and SARS. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(12):1834-40. doi: 10.3201/eid1212.060401.
- 4. Cheng VCC, Lau SKP, Woo PCY, Yuen KY. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus as an Agent of Emerging and Reemerging Infection. ClinMicrobiol Rev. 2007 Oct;20(4):660-94. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00023-07.
- 5. Zhou P, Yang X, Wang X, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020 Mar 12;579(7798):270-3. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7.
- 6. Waller JV, Kaur P, Tucker A, Lin KK, Diaz MJ, Henry TS, et al..Diagnostic Tools forCoronavirusDisease (COVID-19): Comparing CT and RT-PCR ViralNucleicAcidTesting. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 Oct;215(4):834-838. doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.23418.
- 7. Wang Y, Hou H, Wang W, Wang W. Combination of CT and RT-PCR in the screening or diagnosis of COVID-19. J Glob Health. 2020 Jun;10(1):010347. doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.010347
- 8. Long C, Xu H, Shen Q, Zhang X, Fan B, Wang C, et al. Diagnosis of the Coronaviru sdisease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? Eur J Radiol. 2020 May;126:108961. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108961.
- 9. Bakanlığı, T.C. [Internet] COVID-19 Erişkin Hasta YönetimiveTedavisi. ; 2020. [updated 2020; cited 2023 May
15] Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66926/eriskin-hasta-tedavisi.html
- 10. Li Y, Yao L, Li J, Chen L, Song Y, Cai Z, et al. Stability issues of RT‐PCR testing of SARS‐CoV‐2 for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID‐19. J Med Virol. 2020 Jul;92(7):903-8. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25786. Epub 2020 Apr 5.
- 11. Liu R, Han H, Liu F, Lv Z, Wu K, Liu Y, et al. Positive rate of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4880 cases from one hospital in Wuhan, China, from Jan to Feb 2020. ClinicaChimicaActa. 2020 Jun;505:172-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.009. Epub 2020 Mar 7.
- 12. Fang Y, Zhang H, Xie J, Lin M, Ying L, Pang P, et al. Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E115-E117. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200432.
- 13. Ai T, Yang Z, Hou H, Zhan C, Chen C, Lv W, et al. Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E32-E40. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200642.
- 14. Xie X, Zhong Z, Zhao W, Zheng C, Wang F, Liu J. Chest CT for Typical Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Relationship to Negative RT-PCR Testing. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E41-E45. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200343.
Interpretation of RT-PCR and Thorax CT Results in the Diagnosis of Covid 19 Disease
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 569 - 575, 29.12.2024
Yüksel Akkaya
,
Cesur Samancı
,
Feray Ferda Şenol
,
Melike Yeşildal
,
Orhan Baylan
Öz
Aim:
In December 2019, it was discovered in Wuhan that unexplained cases of pneumonia were a new mutation of CoV. The coronavirus disease was named COVID-19 in 2019 by WHO It has become important to diagnose the disease at an early stage due to the clinical severity, its rate of spread, the ineffectiveness of specific therapeutic drugs of COVID19 disease that is pandemic of the rapidly spreading.
Material and Methods:
3,588 people who applied to Istanbul Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital between March and May 2020 due to COVID-19 were included in the study. RT-PCR test and simultaneous thorax CT results were evaluated on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples of the patients. Chest CT (computed tomography) was performed on 1,381 people at the same time. COVID-19 RT-PCR test was performed with Bio-Speedy COVID-19 RT-qPCR detection kit (orf1ab and N gene / Turkey). RT-PCR test and CT results were analyzed by two different microbiologists and two different radiologists, respectively
Results:
Of the 3588 people, 404 were RT-PCR positive (11.3%), and Thorax CT (38.5%) was obtained in 1381. While there was involvement in all patients with thorax CT and RT PCR positive with thorax CT and RT PCR positive (p p <0.05), early-stage involvement was found in 394% (39.9%) of RT
PCR negative patients.When RT-PCR and Thorax CT are applied together for
diagnosis, it is statistically significant according to age, gender and ct value (p <0.05).
Conclusions: Combined use of RT-PCR tests with chest CT will facilitate the diagnosis
of COVID-19 disease.
Kaynakça
- 1. Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, Chu H, To KK, Yuan S, et al. Genomiccharacterization of the 2019 novelhuman-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Jan 28;9(1):221-236.doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902.
- 2. Xu J, Zhao S, Teng T, Abdalla AE, Zhu W, Xie L, et al. Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Viruses. 2020 Feb 22;12(2):244.
- 3. Wang L, Shi Z, Zhang S, Field H, Daszak P, Eaton B. Review of Bats and SARS. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(12):1834-40. doi: 10.3201/eid1212.060401.
- 4. Cheng VCC, Lau SKP, Woo PCY, Yuen KY. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus as an Agent of Emerging and Reemerging Infection. ClinMicrobiol Rev. 2007 Oct;20(4):660-94. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00023-07.
- 5. Zhou P, Yang X, Wang X, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020 Mar 12;579(7798):270-3. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7.
- 6. Waller JV, Kaur P, Tucker A, Lin KK, Diaz MJ, Henry TS, et al..Diagnostic Tools forCoronavirusDisease (COVID-19): Comparing CT and RT-PCR ViralNucleicAcidTesting. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 Oct;215(4):834-838. doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.23418.
- 7. Wang Y, Hou H, Wang W, Wang W. Combination of CT and RT-PCR in the screening or diagnosis of COVID-19. J Glob Health. 2020 Jun;10(1):010347. doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.010347
- 8. Long C, Xu H, Shen Q, Zhang X, Fan B, Wang C, et al. Diagnosis of the Coronaviru sdisease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? Eur J Radiol. 2020 May;126:108961. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108961.
- 9. Bakanlığı, T.C. [Internet] COVID-19 Erişkin Hasta YönetimiveTedavisi. ; 2020. [updated 2020; cited 2023 May
15] Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66926/eriskin-hasta-tedavisi.html
- 10. Li Y, Yao L, Li J, Chen L, Song Y, Cai Z, et al. Stability issues of RT‐PCR testing of SARS‐CoV‐2 for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID‐19. J Med Virol. 2020 Jul;92(7):903-8. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25786. Epub 2020 Apr 5.
- 11. Liu R, Han H, Liu F, Lv Z, Wu K, Liu Y, et al. Positive rate of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4880 cases from one hospital in Wuhan, China, from Jan to Feb 2020. ClinicaChimicaActa. 2020 Jun;505:172-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.009. Epub 2020 Mar 7.
- 12. Fang Y, Zhang H, Xie J, Lin M, Ying L, Pang P, et al. Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E115-E117. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200432.
- 13. Ai T, Yang Z, Hou H, Zhan C, Chen C, Lv W, et al. Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E32-E40. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200642.
- 14. Xie X, Zhong Z, Zhao W, Zheng C, Wang F, Liu J. Chest CT for Typical Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Relationship to Negative RT-PCR Testing. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E41-E45. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200343.