Antikçağ’da Knidos ve Çevresi MÖ 700-400

Öz

Scholars still debate the issue of the location of Cnidus. On contrary to the views of some scholars, it ap- pears that Cnidus was not relocated from Burgaz to Tekir and that actually it lied just across the promontory of Triopium on the mainland at the tip of Cnidian Cherro- nesus from the colonial period onwards. It had surren- dered to the Persian general Harpagus in 546 BC. It does not seem to have involved in Ionian revolt, even though most of the Carian cities supported it. After the establish- ment of the Delian League in 478 BC, its military leaders, Pausanias and Cimon, sailed to the coasts of Caria and Lycia to control over the cities there and then get their financial support, including Cnidus. Having extended her political hegemony over the seas, Athens secured the overall control of the League by 454 BC. Then, by this ti- me onwards, she initiated to inscribe both the names and the payments of the League members on stone. In this study, we shall, first of all, concentrate on the issue of the location of Cnidus and then on the political relations of Cnidus with both the Persians and other Greek city-states during the first half of Vth century BC. Afterwards by taking into account the inscriptive evidence concerning the payments of Cnidus and the cities around her to the League as well as the other relevant literary sources, we shall try to make new inferences about the political cir- cumstances around Cnidus and its vicinity within the context of Athenian struggle against Persia and Sparta until the end of Vth century BC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cnidus • Athens • Persians • Spartans • Athenian Tribute Lists

Ancient Cnidus and Its Vicinity 700-400 BC

Öz

Knidos’un lokalizasyonu konusunu hala tartışıl- maktadır. Bazı bilim adamlarının görüşlerinin aksine Knidos’un Burgaz’dan Tekir’e taşınmadığı, aslında kolo- nizasyon döneminden itibaren Knidos Kherrone- sos’unun ucunda anakara üzerindeki Triopion Bur- nu’nun hemen karşısında uzandığı görülmektedir. Kni- dos, MÖ 546’da Pers generali Harpagos’un eline geç- mişti. Karia kentlerinin çoğunun Ionia Ayaklanması’na destek vermesine rağmen Knidos isyana katılmamış gibi görünmektedir. Hatta isyan süreci ve sonrasında Persleri desteklemiş bile olabilirler. Pers tehdidine karşı MÖ 478 yılında Attika Delos Birliği kurulduktan sonra Pausanias ve Kimon gibi birliğin bazı askeri liderleri, kentleri hâkimiyet altına almak için Karia ve Lykia kıyılarına yelken açmışlar ve Knidos da dâhil olmak üzere onların maddi desteğini sağlamışlardır. Siyasi hâkimiyetini de- nizaşırı yerlere genişleten Atina, MÖ 454’ten sonra birli- ğin kontrolünü tamamen ele geçirmiştir. Bu tarihten itibaren Atina, Knidos ve çevresindeki birlik üyelerinin isimlerini ve yaptıkları ödemeleri taş bloklar üzerine kaydetmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Kni- dos’un lokalizasyonu konusuna ve ardından MÖ V. yüz- yılın ilk yarısında Persler ve Hellen kent devletleriyle olan siyasi ilişkileri üzerine yoğunlaşılacaktır. Ardından Knidos ve çevresindeki kentlerin birliğe yaptığı epigrafik ödeme kayıtlarını ve ilgili edebi kaynakları dikkate alarak MÖ V. yüzyıl sonuna kadar Atinalıların Perslere ve Spartalılara karşı mücadelesi kapsamında Knidos ve çev- resindeki siyasi koşullar hakkında yeni çıkarımlarda bu- lunmaya odaklanılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Knidos • Atina • Persler • Spar- talılar • Atina Vergi Listeleri

Kaynakça

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