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The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia

Yıl 2020, , 65 - 74, 30.06.2020

Abdullah Zararsız Thomas Zımmermann

https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.202002

Öz

The following contribution presents the results from the portable X-Ray fluorescence (p-XRF) analysis of the Early Bronze Age metal dagger from Karaburun, found in 2015 and first published in 2018. The non-destructive analysis revealed the dagger’s chemical composition as arsenical (1.10%) copper (98.22%), an alloy used since the reinvigoration of Anatolian metalwork in the mid IVth millennium B.C. A review of current excavations and geology-based surveys in the region confirms the impression that our dagger might well have been produced by a local workshop in the vicinity of modern İzmir, or even on the Karaburun peninsula itself.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anatolia Western Anatolia Early Bronze Age Daggers Archaeometry pXRF-analysis

Kaynakça

  • Çilingiroğlu 2016 Ç. Çilingiroğlu, B. Dinçer, A. Uhri, C. Gürbıyık, I. Baykara – C. Çakırlar, “New Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites in the eastern Aegean: the Karaburun Archaeological Survey Project”. Antiquity Project Gallery 90 Issue 353 (2016). Source: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aopcambridgecore/cont ent/view/919EE71D8118ACB52E0724FF9FD4354F/S0003598X1600168Xa.pdf/new_palaeolithic_and_mesolithic_sites_in_the_eastern_aegean_the_karaburun_archaeological_survey_project.pdf
  • Çilingiroğlu – Dinçer 2018 Ç. Çilingiroğlu – B. Dinçer 2018, “Contextualizing Karaburun: A New Area for Neolithic Research in Anatolia”. Documenta Praehistorica 45 (2018) 3037.
  • Çilingiroğlu 2019 Ç. Çilingiroğlu, B. Dinçer, A. Uhri, C. Gürbıyık, P. Özlem Aytaçlar – C. Çakırlar, “Karaburun Arkeolojik Yüzey Araştırması (KAYA) 2017”. AST 36 (2019) 418439.
  • Ferretti Moidi 1998 M. Ferretti – P. Moidi, “The Use of Portable XRF Systems for Preliminary Compositional Surveys on Large Bronze Objects. A Critical Review After Some Years of Experience”. Eds. J. Mourey – L. Robiola, Proceedings of the International Conference Metal 98. Draghignau (1998) 3944.
  • Fidan 2006 E. Fidan, “Waffen aus Metall von ihren Anfängen bis zum Ende der Frühen Bronzezeit aus dem inneren Westanatolien”. Colloquium Anatolicum V (2006) 91106.
  • Geniş 2014 E. Geniş – T. Zimmermann, “Early Bronze Age Metalwork in Central Anatolia – An Archaeometrical View from the Hamlet”. PZ 89 (2014) 280290.
  • Harper 1987 M. Harper, “Possible toxic metal exposure of prehistoric bronze workers”. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 44 (1987) 652656.
  • Janssens 2000 K. Janssens, G. Vittiglio, I. Deraedt, A. Aerts, B. Vekemans, L. Vincze, F. Wei, I. De Ryck, O. Schalm, F. Adams, A. Rindby, A. Knöchel, A. Simionovici – A. Snigirev, “Use of Microscopic XRF for Nondestructive Analysis in Art and Archaeometry”. XRay Spectrometry 29 (2000) 7391.
  • Kaptan 2008 E. Kaptan, “Metallurgical Residues from Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Liman Tepe”. Eds. H Erkanal, H. Hauptmann, V. Şahoğlu – R. Tuncel, The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Proceedings of the International Symposium Urla – Izmir (Turkey) October 13th – 19th, 1997. Ankara (2008) 243250.
  • Lechtman 1996 H. Lechtman, “Arsenic Bronze: Dirty Copper or Chosen Alloy? A View from the Americas”. Journal of Field Archaeology 23 (1996) 477514.
  • Lehner 2014 J. Lehner, “A Report on the Archaeometallurgical Research at Boğazköy”. Ed. A. Schachner, Die Ausgrabungen in BoğazköyHattuša 2013. AA (2014/1) 129137.
  • Lehner – Yener 2011 J. W. Lehner – K. A. Yener, "Organization and Specialization of Early Mining and Metal Technologies in Anatolia". Eds. B. W. Roberts – C. P. Thornton, Archaeometallurgy in Global Perspective. New York (2014) 529556.
  • Lengeranlı 2008 Y. Lengeranlı, “Metallic Deposits and Occurences of the Izmir District”. Eds. H Erkanal, H. Hauptmann, V. Şahoğlu – R. Tuncel, The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Proceedings of the International Symposium Urla – Izmir (Turkey) October 13th – 19th, 1997. Ankara (2008) 355367.
  • Liritzis – Zacharias 2011 I. Liritzis – N. Zacharias, “Portable XRF of Archaeological Artefacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations”. Ed. M. S. Shackley, XRay Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology. New York (2011) 109141.
  • Massa 2017 M. Massa, O. McIlfatrick – E. Fidan, “Patterns of metal procurement, manufacture and exchange in Early Bronze Age Northwestern Anatolia: Demircihöyük and beyond”. AS 67 (2017) 5183.
  • Mehofer 2014 M. Mehofer, “Metallurgy during the Chalcolithic and the Beginning of the Early Bronze Age in Western Anatolia”.
  • Eds. B. Horeijs – M. Mehofer, Western Anatolia before Troy. ProtoUrbanization in the 4th Millennium BC? Proceedings of the International Symposium held at the Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria, 2124 November, 2012. Vienna (2014) 463490.
  • Mehofer 2016 M. Mehofer, “Çukuriçi Höyük – Ein Metallurgiezentrum des frühen 3. Jts. v. Chr. in der Westtürkei”. Eds. M. Bartelheim, B. Horeijs – R. Krauβ, Von Baden bis Troia. Ressourcennutzung, Metallurgie und Wissenstransfer. Eine Jubiläumsschrift für Ernst Pernicka. Rahden/ Westf (2016) 359373.
  • Özbal 2002 H. Özbal, N. Pehlivan, B. Earl – B. Gedik, “Metallurgy at İkiztepe”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal II. Bochum (2002) 3948.
  • Palmieri 2002 A. Palmieri, F. Begemann, S. SchmittStrecker – A. Hauptmann, “Chemical Composition and Lead Isotopy of Metal Objects from the ‘Royal’ Tomb and Other Related Finds at Arslantepe, Eastern Anatolia”. Paléorient 28 (2002) 4369.
  • Pernicka 1984 E. Pernicka, T. C. Seeliger, G. A. Wagner, F. Begemann, S. SchmittStrecker, C. Eibner, Ö. Öztunalı – I. Baranyi, “Archaometallurgische Untersuchungen in Nordwestanatolien”. Jahrbuch des RömischGermanischen Zentralmuseums 31 (1984) 533–599.
  • Pernicka 2003 E. Pernicka, C. Eibner, Ö. Öztunalı – G. A. Wagner, “Early Bronze Metallurgy in the NorthEast Aegean”. Eds. G. A. Wagner, E. Pernicka – H.P. Uerpmann, Troia and the Troad. Scientific Approaches. Berlin/Heidelberg (2003) 142172.
  • Ratnaike 2003 R. N. Ratnaike, “Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity”. Postgrad Med J 79 (2003) 391396.
  • Rehren 2012 T. Rehren, L. Boscher – E. Pernicka, “Large scale smelting of speiss and arsenical copper at Early Bronze Age Arisman, Iran”. Journal of Archaeological Science 39 (2012) 17171727.
  • Schoop 2011 U. Schoop, “Çamlıbel Tarlası, ein metallverarbeitender Fundplatz des vierten Jahrtausends v. Chr. im nördlichen Zentralanatolien”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal V. Bochum (2011) 5368.
  • Stronach 1957 D. Stronach, “The Development and Diffusion of Metal Types in Early Bronze Age Anatolia”. AS 7 (1957) 89129.
  • Ünlüsoy 2018 S. Ünlüsoy, “İzmir Karaburun’dan Tunç Bir Hançer Üzerine Değerlendirmeler”. Phaselis IV (2018) 219229.
  • Wagner 1989 G. A. Wagner, Ö. Öztunalı – C. Eibner, “Early Copper in Anatolia. Archaeometallurgical Field Evidence”.
  • Eds. A. Hauptmann, E. Pernicka – G. A. Wagner, Archäometallurgie der Alten Welt. Old World Archaeometallurgy. Proceedings of the International Symposium ‘Old World Archaeometallurgy’, Heidelberg 1987. Bochum (1989) 299305.
  • Wagner 2000 G. A. Wagner – Ö. Öztunalı, “Prehistoric Copper Sources in Turkey”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal I. Bochum (2000) 3167.
  • Wagner 2003 G. A. Wagner, Ö. Öztunalı, S. SchmittStrecker – F. Begemann, “Archäometallurgischer Bericht über Feldforschung in Anatolien und bleiisotopische Studien an Erzen und Schlacken”.
  • Eds. T. Stöllner, G. Körlin, G. Steffens – J. Cierny, Man and Mining – Mensch und Bergbau. Studies in Honour of Gerd Weisgerber on occasion of his 65th birthday. Bochum (2003) 475494.
  • Wolf 2012 D. Wolf, G. Borg – B. Horejs, “Geoarchäologische Untersuchungen zu den Erzvorkommen in Westanatolien”.
  • Eds. F. Schlütter, S. Greiff – M. Prange, Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege 2012. Jahrestagung an der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen 28. – 31. März 2012. Metalla Sonderheft 5. Bochum (2012) 143–144.
  • Yalçın 2008 Ü. Yalçın, “Ancient Metallurgy in Anatolia”. Eds. H. Özbal – A. G. Paşamehmetoğlu, Ancient Mining in Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean. Ankara (2008) 1542.
  • Yener 2000 K. A. Yener, The Domestication of Metals: The Rise of Complex Metal Industries in Anatolia. Leiden 2000.
  • Zimmermann 20042005 T. Zimmermann, “Early Daggers in Anatolia – A necessary reapparaisal”. ANODOS 45 (20042005) 251262.
  • Zimmermann 2010 T. Zimmermann – Ö. İpek, “The ‘Hattian’ Metal Assemblage from Bekaroğlu Köyü – An Archaeometrical Footnote.” Anatolia Antiqua 18 (2010) 3134.
  • Zimmermann 2011 T. Zimmermann, “Frühe Metallobjekte zwischen Westlichem Schwarzmeer und Taurusgebirge in kultischem und profanem Kontext – Neue Studien zu Rohstoffen, Technologie und sozialem Zeigerwert”. Eds. A. Jockenhövel – U. Dietz, Bronzen im Spannungsfeld zwischen praktischer Nutzung und symbolischer Bedeutung. Beiträge zum internationalen Kolloquium am 9. und 10. Oktober 2008 in Münster. Stuttgart (2011) 297313.
  • Zimmermann 2016 T. Zimmermann, “Frühmetallzeitliche Metallurgie und Chronologie entlang der türkischen Schwarzmeerküste. Zwei Themen – ein Diskurs”. Eds. B. Hänsel – W. Schier, Der Schwarzmeerraum vom Neolithikum bis in die Früheisenzeit (6000–600 v. Chr.).
  • Kulturelle Interferenzen in der zirkumpontischen Zone und Kontakte mit ihren Nachbargebieten. Rahden/Westf. (2016) 215223.
  • Zimmermann [in press] T. Zimmermann, “Rethinking the great void the inception, idleness and Balkanborn "second coming" of Anatolian Late Chalcolithic metalwork”.
  • Ed. K. Leshtakov, Galabovo in SE Europe. Cultural interactions in the 3rd/2nd millennium BC (Sofia in press).

Eksik Olan Yap-Boz Parçası - Karaburun Hançeri pXRF Analizi ve Batı Anadolu'nun Erken Tunç Çağı Madenciliği Üzerine Genel Düşüncüler

Yıl 2020, , 65 - 74, 30.06.2020

Abdullah Zararsız Thomas Zımmermann

https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.202002

Öz

Bu makalede, 2015 yılında bulunan ve 2018’de ilk defa yayımlanan Karaburun hançerinin taşınabilir X-ışınlı floresans analizi değerlendirmeleri paylaşılmak-tadır. Sonuçlara göre, hançerin malzemesi arsenik (%1.10) / bakır (%98.22) karışımı. Arsenik bakır karışımı, MÖ IV. binyılın ortasından itibaren sıklıkla kullanılan bir malzemedir. Bununla birlikte ele geçen hançerin, hem bu bölgede son senelerde tekrar canlanan kazılarla hem de antik madenciliğe yönelik yüzey araştırmaları neticesinde üretim yerinin Ege Bölgesi’nde kıyı Ege şeridinde veya İç Batı Anadolu bölümünde ya da Karaburun’un kendisi olma ihtimali oldukça yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anadolu Batı Anadolu Erken Tunç Çağı Hançerler Arkeometri pXRF-analiz

Kaynakça

  • Çilingiroğlu 2016 Ç. Çilingiroğlu, B. Dinçer, A. Uhri, C. Gürbıyık, I. Baykara – C. Çakırlar, “New Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites in the eastern Aegean: the Karaburun Archaeological Survey Project”. Antiquity Project Gallery 90 Issue 353 (2016). Source: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aopcambridgecore/cont ent/view/919EE71D8118ACB52E0724FF9FD4354F/S0003598X1600168Xa.pdf/new_palaeolithic_and_mesolithic_sites_in_the_eastern_aegean_the_karaburun_archaeological_survey_project.pdf
  • Çilingiroğlu – Dinçer 2018 Ç. Çilingiroğlu – B. Dinçer 2018, “Contextualizing Karaburun: A New Area for Neolithic Research in Anatolia”. Documenta Praehistorica 45 (2018) 3037.
  • Çilingiroğlu 2019 Ç. Çilingiroğlu, B. Dinçer, A. Uhri, C. Gürbıyık, P. Özlem Aytaçlar – C. Çakırlar, “Karaburun Arkeolojik Yüzey Araştırması (KAYA) 2017”. AST 36 (2019) 418439.
  • Ferretti Moidi 1998 M. Ferretti – P. Moidi, “The Use of Portable XRF Systems for Preliminary Compositional Surveys on Large Bronze Objects. A Critical Review After Some Years of Experience”. Eds. J. Mourey – L. Robiola, Proceedings of the International Conference Metal 98. Draghignau (1998) 3944.
  • Fidan 2006 E. Fidan, “Waffen aus Metall von ihren Anfängen bis zum Ende der Frühen Bronzezeit aus dem inneren Westanatolien”. Colloquium Anatolicum V (2006) 91106.
  • Geniş 2014 E. Geniş – T. Zimmermann, “Early Bronze Age Metalwork in Central Anatolia – An Archaeometrical View from the Hamlet”. PZ 89 (2014) 280290.
  • Harper 1987 M. Harper, “Possible toxic metal exposure of prehistoric bronze workers”. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 44 (1987) 652656.
  • Janssens 2000 K. Janssens, G. Vittiglio, I. Deraedt, A. Aerts, B. Vekemans, L. Vincze, F. Wei, I. De Ryck, O. Schalm, F. Adams, A. Rindby, A. Knöchel, A. Simionovici – A. Snigirev, “Use of Microscopic XRF for Nondestructive Analysis in Art and Archaeometry”. XRay Spectrometry 29 (2000) 7391.
  • Kaptan 2008 E. Kaptan, “Metallurgical Residues from Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Liman Tepe”. Eds. H Erkanal, H. Hauptmann, V. Şahoğlu – R. Tuncel, The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Proceedings of the International Symposium Urla – Izmir (Turkey) October 13th – 19th, 1997. Ankara (2008) 243250.
  • Lechtman 1996 H. Lechtman, “Arsenic Bronze: Dirty Copper or Chosen Alloy? A View from the Americas”. Journal of Field Archaeology 23 (1996) 477514.
  • Lehner 2014 J. Lehner, “A Report on the Archaeometallurgical Research at Boğazköy”. Ed. A. Schachner, Die Ausgrabungen in BoğazköyHattuša 2013. AA (2014/1) 129137.
  • Lehner – Yener 2011 J. W. Lehner – K. A. Yener, "Organization and Specialization of Early Mining and Metal Technologies in Anatolia". Eds. B. W. Roberts – C. P. Thornton, Archaeometallurgy in Global Perspective. New York (2014) 529556.
  • Lengeranlı 2008 Y. Lengeranlı, “Metallic Deposits and Occurences of the Izmir District”. Eds. H Erkanal, H. Hauptmann, V. Şahoğlu – R. Tuncel, The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Proceedings of the International Symposium Urla – Izmir (Turkey) October 13th – 19th, 1997. Ankara (2008) 355367.
  • Liritzis – Zacharias 2011 I. Liritzis – N. Zacharias, “Portable XRF of Archaeological Artefacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations”. Ed. M. S. Shackley, XRay Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology. New York (2011) 109141.
  • Massa 2017 M. Massa, O. McIlfatrick – E. Fidan, “Patterns of metal procurement, manufacture and exchange in Early Bronze Age Northwestern Anatolia: Demircihöyük and beyond”. AS 67 (2017) 5183.
  • Mehofer 2014 M. Mehofer, “Metallurgy during the Chalcolithic and the Beginning of the Early Bronze Age in Western Anatolia”.
  • Eds. B. Horeijs – M. Mehofer, Western Anatolia before Troy. ProtoUrbanization in the 4th Millennium BC? Proceedings of the International Symposium held at the Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria, 2124 November, 2012. Vienna (2014) 463490.
  • Mehofer 2016 M. Mehofer, “Çukuriçi Höyük – Ein Metallurgiezentrum des frühen 3. Jts. v. Chr. in der Westtürkei”. Eds. M. Bartelheim, B. Horeijs – R. Krauβ, Von Baden bis Troia. Ressourcennutzung, Metallurgie und Wissenstransfer. Eine Jubiläumsschrift für Ernst Pernicka. Rahden/ Westf (2016) 359373.
  • Özbal 2002 H. Özbal, N. Pehlivan, B. Earl – B. Gedik, “Metallurgy at İkiztepe”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal II. Bochum (2002) 3948.
  • Palmieri 2002 A. Palmieri, F. Begemann, S. SchmittStrecker – A. Hauptmann, “Chemical Composition and Lead Isotopy of Metal Objects from the ‘Royal’ Tomb and Other Related Finds at Arslantepe, Eastern Anatolia”. Paléorient 28 (2002) 4369.
  • Pernicka 1984 E. Pernicka, T. C. Seeliger, G. A. Wagner, F. Begemann, S. SchmittStrecker, C. Eibner, Ö. Öztunalı – I. Baranyi, “Archaometallurgische Untersuchungen in Nordwestanatolien”. Jahrbuch des RömischGermanischen Zentralmuseums 31 (1984) 533–599.
  • Pernicka 2003 E. Pernicka, C. Eibner, Ö. Öztunalı – G. A. Wagner, “Early Bronze Metallurgy in the NorthEast Aegean”. Eds. G. A. Wagner, E. Pernicka – H.P. Uerpmann, Troia and the Troad. Scientific Approaches. Berlin/Heidelberg (2003) 142172.
  • Ratnaike 2003 R. N. Ratnaike, “Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity”. Postgrad Med J 79 (2003) 391396.
  • Rehren 2012 T. Rehren, L. Boscher – E. Pernicka, “Large scale smelting of speiss and arsenical copper at Early Bronze Age Arisman, Iran”. Journal of Archaeological Science 39 (2012) 17171727.
  • Schoop 2011 U. Schoop, “Çamlıbel Tarlası, ein metallverarbeitender Fundplatz des vierten Jahrtausends v. Chr. im nördlichen Zentralanatolien”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal V. Bochum (2011) 5368.
  • Stronach 1957 D. Stronach, “The Development and Diffusion of Metal Types in Early Bronze Age Anatolia”. AS 7 (1957) 89129.
  • Ünlüsoy 2018 S. Ünlüsoy, “İzmir Karaburun’dan Tunç Bir Hançer Üzerine Değerlendirmeler”. Phaselis IV (2018) 219229.
  • Wagner 1989 G. A. Wagner, Ö. Öztunalı – C. Eibner, “Early Copper in Anatolia. Archaeometallurgical Field Evidence”.
  • Eds. A. Hauptmann, E. Pernicka – G. A. Wagner, Archäometallurgie der Alten Welt. Old World Archaeometallurgy. Proceedings of the International Symposium ‘Old World Archaeometallurgy’, Heidelberg 1987. Bochum (1989) 299305.
  • Wagner 2000 G. A. Wagner – Ö. Öztunalı, “Prehistoric Copper Sources in Turkey”. Ed. Ü. Yalçın, Anatolian Metal I. Bochum (2000) 3167.
  • Wagner 2003 G. A. Wagner, Ö. Öztunalı, S. SchmittStrecker – F. Begemann, “Archäometallurgischer Bericht über Feldforschung in Anatolien und bleiisotopische Studien an Erzen und Schlacken”.
  • Eds. T. Stöllner, G. Körlin, G. Steffens – J. Cierny, Man and Mining – Mensch und Bergbau. Studies in Honour of Gerd Weisgerber on occasion of his 65th birthday. Bochum (2003) 475494.
  • Wolf 2012 D. Wolf, G. Borg – B. Horejs, “Geoarchäologische Untersuchungen zu den Erzvorkommen in Westanatolien”.
  • Eds. F. Schlütter, S. Greiff – M. Prange, Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege 2012. Jahrestagung an der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen 28. – 31. März 2012. Metalla Sonderheft 5. Bochum (2012) 143–144.
  • Yalçın 2008 Ü. Yalçın, “Ancient Metallurgy in Anatolia”. Eds. H. Özbal – A. G. Paşamehmetoğlu, Ancient Mining in Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean. Ankara (2008) 1542.
  • Yener 2000 K. A. Yener, The Domestication of Metals: The Rise of Complex Metal Industries in Anatolia. Leiden 2000.
  • Zimmermann 20042005 T. Zimmermann, “Early Daggers in Anatolia – A necessary reapparaisal”. ANODOS 45 (20042005) 251262.
  • Zimmermann 2010 T. Zimmermann – Ö. İpek, “The ‘Hattian’ Metal Assemblage from Bekaroğlu Köyü – An Archaeometrical Footnote.” Anatolia Antiqua 18 (2010) 3134.
  • Zimmermann 2011 T. Zimmermann, “Frühe Metallobjekte zwischen Westlichem Schwarzmeer und Taurusgebirge in kultischem und profanem Kontext – Neue Studien zu Rohstoffen, Technologie und sozialem Zeigerwert”. Eds. A. Jockenhövel – U. Dietz, Bronzen im Spannungsfeld zwischen praktischer Nutzung und symbolischer Bedeutung. Beiträge zum internationalen Kolloquium am 9. und 10. Oktober 2008 in Münster. Stuttgart (2011) 297313.
  • Zimmermann 2016 T. Zimmermann, “Frühmetallzeitliche Metallurgie und Chronologie entlang der türkischen Schwarzmeerküste. Zwei Themen – ein Diskurs”. Eds. B. Hänsel – W. Schier, Der Schwarzmeerraum vom Neolithikum bis in die Früheisenzeit (6000–600 v. Chr.).
  • Kulturelle Interferenzen in der zirkumpontischen Zone und Kontakte mit ihren Nachbargebieten. Rahden/Westf. (2016) 215223.
  • Zimmermann [in press] T. Zimmermann, “Rethinking the great void the inception, idleness and Balkanborn "second coming" of Anatolian Late Chalcolithic metalwork”.
  • Ed. K. Leshtakov, Galabovo in SE Europe. Cultural interactions in the 3rd/2nd millennium BC (Sofia in press).
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Arkeoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Abdullah Zararsız Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7305-8156

Thomas Zımmermann Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4937-2166

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Zararsız, A., & Zımmermann, T. (2020). The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia. Cedrus, 8, 65-74. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.202002
AMA Zararsız A, Zımmermann T. The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia. Cedrus. Haziran 2020;8:65-74. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.202002
Chicago Zararsız, Abdullah, ve Thomas Zımmermann. “The Missing Jigsaw Piece – PXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia”. Cedrus 8, Haziran (Haziran 2020): 65-74. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.202002.
EndNote Zararsız A, Zımmermann T (01 Haziran 2020) The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia. Cedrus 8 65–74.
IEEE A. Zararsız ve T. Zımmermann, “The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia”, Cedrus, c. 8, ss. 65–74, 2020, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS.202002.
ISNAD Zararsız, Abdullah - Zımmermann, Thomas. “The Missing Jigsaw Piece – PXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia”. Cedrus 8 (Haziran 2020), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.202002.
JAMA Zararsız A, Zımmermann T. The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia. Cedrus. 2020;8:65–74.
MLA Zararsız, Abdullah ve Thomas Zımmermann. “The Missing Jigsaw Piece – PXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia”. Cedrus, c. 8, 2020, ss. 65-74, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.202002.
Vancouver Zararsız A, Zımmermann T. The Missing Jigsaw Piece – pXRF Bulk Analysis of the Karaburun Dagger and Some General Considerations on Metalwork in Early Bronze Age Western Anatolia. Cedrus. 2020;8:65-74.

İlgili yılın sayısında en fazla 25 makale yayımlanır ve makale kabul tarihleri 15 Ekim ile 1 Mayıs arasındadır. 2024 yılı Ekim ayı itibariyle Cedrus sadece yabancı dilde makale kabul edecektir.