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A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 232 - 248, 14.07.2017

Öz

The main purpose of this research is to identify the competency and the perceptions of
pre-service teachers on technopedagogical education. While study group of quantitative
dimension is composed of 626 pre-service teachers; study group of qualitative extent is
composed of 67 pre-service teachers. The sample represents 35% of the population of
1778 students. The quantitative data were collected through Technopedagogical
Education Competency (Tpack-Deep) Scale and Technology Perception Scale and the
qualitative data were collected with an open ended-question form. It was concluded that
pre-service teachers generally regard themselves at a moderate level in the sense of
technopedogogical education competency, have positive perception towards technology
and there is a positive correlation between pre-service teachers’ technopedogogical
educational competency and perception towards technology. According to results of
qualitative analysis of the study, pre-service teachers think that educational technologies
have contributions to preparing information-communication technologies based upon
presentations, developing technology-based materials, preparing homework, doing
research, raising awareness about the importance of educational technology use in the
learning and teaching process, acquiring information about their department, developing
skill of using technology based on information-communication technologies and having
positive attitude

Kaynakça

  • Angeli, C. & Valanides, N. (2005). Pre-service elementary teachers as information and communication technology designers: an instructional systems design model based on an expanded view of pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21(4), 292-302.
  • Angeli, C. (2005). Transforming a teacher education method course through technology: effects on pre-service teachers' technology competency. Computers and Education, 45(4), 383-398.
  • Akgun, F. (2013). Pre-service teachers’ web pedagogical content knowledge and relationship between teachers’ perception of self-efficacy. Trakya University Journal of Education 3(1), 48-58.
  • Bhattacherjee, A. & Premkumar, G. (2004). Understanding changes in belief and attitude toward information technology usage: A theoretical model and longitudinal test. MIS Quarterly, 28(2) 229-254.
  • Bingimlas, K. (2009). Barriers to the successful integration of ICT in teaching and learning environments: A review of the literature. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 5(3), 235-245.
  • Chai, C.S., Koh, J. H., & Tsai, C. (2011). Exploring the factor structure of the constructs of technological, pedagogical, content knowledge (TPAC). The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 20(3), 595-603.
  • Chen, R. (2010). Investigating models for pre-service teachers’ use of technology to support student-centered learning. Computers and Education, 55(1), 32-42.
  • Chen, F., Looi, C., & Chen, W. (2009). Integrating technology in the classroom: A visual conceptualization of teachers’ knowledge, goals and beliefs. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 25(5), 470-488.
  • Choy, D., Wong, A.F.L., & Gao, P. (2009). Student teachers’ intentions and actions on integrating technology into their classrooms during student teaching: A Singapore study. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(2), 175-195.
  • Cuban, L. (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38(4), 813-834.
  • Creswell, J.W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Davis, K.S. & Falba, C.J. (2002). Integrating technology in elementary pre-service teacher education: orchestrating scientific inquiry in meaningful ways. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 13(4), 303-329.
  • Dawson, K., Pringle, R., & Adams, T.L. (2003). Providing links between technology integration, methods courses, and school-based field experiences: a curriculum-based and technology-enhanced microteaching. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 20(1), 41-47.
  • Dwyer, D.C., Ringstaff, C., & Sandholtz, J.H. (1991). Changes in teachers’ beliefs and practices in technology rich classrooms. Educational Leadership, 48(8), 45-52.
  • Ertmer, P.A., Addison, P., Lane, M., Ross, E., & Woods, D. (1999). Examining teachers’ beliefs about the role of technology in the elementary classroom. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 32(1), 54-72.
  • Ertmer, P.A., Conklin, D., & Lewandowski, J. (2001). Increasing pre-service teachers’ capacity for technology integration through use of electronic models. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Atlanta, GA.
  • Ertmer, P.A. & Otternbreit-Leftwich, A.T. (2010). Teacher technology change: How knowledge, confidence, beliefs, and culture intersect, Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(3), 255-284.
  • Finger, G., Jamieson-Proctor, R., & Albion, P. (2010). Beyond pedagogical content knowledge: The importance of TPACK for informing pre-service teacher education in Australia. In N. Reynolds, & M. Turcsanyi-Szabo (Eds.), Key competencies in the knowledge society: Proceedings of IFIP TC 3 International Conference, Volume 324 (pp.114-125). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
  • Gao, P., Choy, D., Wong, A.F.L. & Wu, J. (2009). Developing a better understanding of technology-based pedagogy. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 25(5), 714- 730.
  • Gill, L. & Dalgarno, B. (2017). A qualitative analysis of pre-service primary school teachers’ TPACK development over the four years of their teacher preparation programme. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, (Online), 1-18, doi:10.1080/1475939X.2017. 1287124.
  • Gomleksiz, M. N. & Fidan, E. K. (2011). Self-efficacy perception levels of prospective teachers’ enrolled at pedagogical formation course toward web pedagogical content knowledge. Turkish Studies-International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 6(4), 593-620.
  • Goktas, Y., Yildirim, S., & Yildirim, Z. (2009). Main barriers and possible enablers of ICT integration into pre-service teacher education programs. Educational Technology & Society, 12(1), 193-204.
  • Gulbahar, Y. (2008). Improving the technology integration skills of prospective teachers through practice: A case study. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 7(4), 71-81.
  • Harris, J., Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2009). Teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and learning activity types: curriculum-based technology integration reframed. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(4), 393-416.
  • Hew, K. & Brush, T. (2007). Integrating technology into K-12 teaching and learning: Current knowledge gaps and recommendations for future research. Educational Technology Research and Development, 55(3), 223-252.
  • Honan, E. (2008). Barriers to teachers using digital texts in literacy classrooms. Literacy, 42(1), 36-43.
  • Hutchison, A. & Reinking, D. (2011). Teachers’ perceptions of integrating information and communication technologies into literacy instruction: a national survey in the United States. Reading Research Quarterly, 46(84), 312-333.
  • Jordan, K. (2013). The influence of gender on beginning teachers’ perceptions of their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Australian Educational Computing, 28(2), 32-50.
  • Kabakci Yurdakul, I., Odabasi, H.F., Kilicer, K, Coklar, A.N., Birinci, G., & Kurt, A.A. (2012). The development, validity and reliability of TPACK-deep: A technological pedagogical content knowledge scale. Computers and Education, 58(3), 964-977.
  • Kaya, Z., Ozdemir, T.Y., Emre, İ., & Kaya, O.N. (2011). Exploring pre-service information technology teachers’ perception of self-efficacy in web-technological pedagogical content knowledge. 6th International Advanced Technologies Symposium (IATS’11), Elazıg, Turkey.
  • Kazu, İ. Y. & Erten, P. (2011). The views of elementary pre-service teachers towards web pedagogical content knowledge. 10th National Elementary Teaching Education Symposium. Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
  • Kurt, S. (2012). Examining teachers’ use of computer-based technologies: A case study. Education and Information Technologies, 18(4), 557-570.
  • Lambert, J. & Gong, Y. (2010). 21st century paradigms for pre-service teacher technology preparation. Computers in the Schools, 27(1), 54-70.
  • Lawless, K.A, & Pellegrino, J.W. (2007). Professional development in integrating technology in to teaching and learning: knowns, unknowns, and ways to pursue better questions and answers. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 575-614.
  • Lim, C.P. & Khine, M. (2006). Managing teachers' barriers to ICT integration in Singapore schools. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 14(1), 97-125.
  • Lim, C.P. (2007). Effective integration of ICT in Singapore schools: Pedagogical and policy implications. Education Technology Research & Development, 55(1), 83-116.
  • Liu, Y. & Szabo, Z. (2009). Teachers’ attitudes toward technology integration in schools: A four year study. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 15(1), 5-23.
  • McCannon, M. & Crews, T.B. (2000). Assessing the technology needs of elementary school teachers. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 8(2), 11-121.
  • McClure, R. (2011). The digital information divide. In S. D’Agustino (Ed.), Adaptation, resistance and access to instructional Technologies: Assessing future trends in education. Hershey, PA: IGI Global Information Science Reference.
  • Miles, M.B. & Hubermann, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mishra, P. & Koehler, M.J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054.
  • Niess, M.L. (2005). Preparing teachers to teach science and mathematics with technology: Developing a technology pedagogical content knowledge. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21(5), 509-523.
  • Niess, M.L. (2008). Guiding pre-service teachers in developing TPCK. In AACTE (Eds.), Handbook of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) for educators (pp.223-250). New York: Routledge.
  • Oncu, S., Delialioglu, O. & Brown, C.A. (2008). Critical components for technology integration: How do instructors make decisions? Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 27(1), 19-46.
  • Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A.T., Glazewski, K.D., Newby, T.J., & Ertmer, P.A. (2010). Teacher value beliefs associated with using technology: addressing professional and student needs. Computers and Education, 55(3), 1321-1335.
  • Polly, D. & Brantley-Dias, L. (2009). TPACK: Where do we go now? TechTrends, 53(5), 46-47.
  • Sang, G., Valcke, M., van Braak, J., & Tondeur, J. (2010). Student teachers’ thinking processes and ICT integration: Predictors of prospective teaching behaviors with educational technology. Computers and Education, 54(1), 103-112.
  • Scherer, R., Tondeur, J. & Siddiq, F. (2017). On the quest for validity: Testing the factor structure and measurement invariance of the technology-dimensions in the technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) model. Computers & Education, 112, 1-17.
  • Seferoglu, S.S. & Akbiyik, C. (2005). A study on primary school teachers’ perceived computer self-efficacy. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 19, 89-101.
  • Shin, T.S., Koehler, M.J., Mishra, P., Schmidt, D.A., Baran, E., & Thompson, A.D. (2009). Changing technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) through course experiences. In I. Gibson, R. Weber, K. McFerrin, R. Carlsen, & D. A. Willis (Eds.), Society for ınformation technology and teacher education (pp.4152-4156). Chesapeake, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
  • Tinio, V. (2003). ICT in education. ICT for development. New York: United Nations Development Programme.
  • Tinmaz, H. (2004). An Assessment of Pre-service Teachers’ Technology Perception in Relation to Their Subject Area (Unpublished master’s thesis). Middle East Technical University. The Graduate School of Social Sciences. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Thompson, A.D., Schmidt, D.A., & Davis, N.E. (2003). Technology collaboratives for simultaneous renewal in teacher education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 51(1), 124–128.
  • TED. (2009). Ogretmen yeterlikleri: Ozet rapor (1. baski). ISBN 978-9944-5128-7-9. Valanides, N. & Angeli, C. (2008). Learning and teaching about scientific models with a computer modeling tool. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(2), 220-233.
  • Yildirim, A. & Simsek, H. (2008). Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Ankara: Seckin.
  • Zhao, Y. (2007). Social studies teachers’ perspectives of technology integration. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 15(3), 311-333.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 232 - 248, 14.07.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Angeli, C. & Valanides, N. (2005). Pre-service elementary teachers as information and communication technology designers: an instructional systems design model based on an expanded view of pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21(4), 292-302.
  • Angeli, C. (2005). Transforming a teacher education method course through technology: effects on pre-service teachers' technology competency. Computers and Education, 45(4), 383-398.
  • Akgun, F. (2013). Pre-service teachers’ web pedagogical content knowledge and relationship between teachers’ perception of self-efficacy. Trakya University Journal of Education 3(1), 48-58.
  • Bhattacherjee, A. & Premkumar, G. (2004). Understanding changes in belief and attitude toward information technology usage: A theoretical model and longitudinal test. MIS Quarterly, 28(2) 229-254.
  • Bingimlas, K. (2009). Barriers to the successful integration of ICT in teaching and learning environments: A review of the literature. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 5(3), 235-245.
  • Chai, C.S., Koh, J. H., & Tsai, C. (2011). Exploring the factor structure of the constructs of technological, pedagogical, content knowledge (TPAC). The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 20(3), 595-603.
  • Chen, R. (2010). Investigating models for pre-service teachers’ use of technology to support student-centered learning. Computers and Education, 55(1), 32-42.
  • Chen, F., Looi, C., & Chen, W. (2009). Integrating technology in the classroom: A visual conceptualization of teachers’ knowledge, goals and beliefs. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 25(5), 470-488.
  • Choy, D., Wong, A.F.L., & Gao, P. (2009). Student teachers’ intentions and actions on integrating technology into their classrooms during student teaching: A Singapore study. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(2), 175-195.
  • Cuban, L. (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38(4), 813-834.
  • Creswell, J.W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Davis, K.S. & Falba, C.J. (2002). Integrating technology in elementary pre-service teacher education: orchestrating scientific inquiry in meaningful ways. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 13(4), 303-329.
  • Dawson, K., Pringle, R., & Adams, T.L. (2003). Providing links between technology integration, methods courses, and school-based field experiences: a curriculum-based and technology-enhanced microteaching. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 20(1), 41-47.
  • Dwyer, D.C., Ringstaff, C., & Sandholtz, J.H. (1991). Changes in teachers’ beliefs and practices in technology rich classrooms. Educational Leadership, 48(8), 45-52.
  • Ertmer, P.A., Addison, P., Lane, M., Ross, E., & Woods, D. (1999). Examining teachers’ beliefs about the role of technology in the elementary classroom. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 32(1), 54-72.
  • Ertmer, P.A., Conklin, D., & Lewandowski, J. (2001). Increasing pre-service teachers’ capacity for technology integration through use of electronic models. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Atlanta, GA.
  • Ertmer, P.A. & Otternbreit-Leftwich, A.T. (2010). Teacher technology change: How knowledge, confidence, beliefs, and culture intersect, Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(3), 255-284.
  • Finger, G., Jamieson-Proctor, R., & Albion, P. (2010). Beyond pedagogical content knowledge: The importance of TPACK for informing pre-service teacher education in Australia. In N. Reynolds, & M. Turcsanyi-Szabo (Eds.), Key competencies in the knowledge society: Proceedings of IFIP TC 3 International Conference, Volume 324 (pp.114-125). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
  • Gao, P., Choy, D., Wong, A.F.L. & Wu, J. (2009). Developing a better understanding of technology-based pedagogy. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 25(5), 714- 730.
  • Gill, L. & Dalgarno, B. (2017). A qualitative analysis of pre-service primary school teachers’ TPACK development over the four years of their teacher preparation programme. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, (Online), 1-18, doi:10.1080/1475939X.2017. 1287124.
  • Gomleksiz, M. N. & Fidan, E. K. (2011). Self-efficacy perception levels of prospective teachers’ enrolled at pedagogical formation course toward web pedagogical content knowledge. Turkish Studies-International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 6(4), 593-620.
  • Goktas, Y., Yildirim, S., & Yildirim, Z. (2009). Main barriers and possible enablers of ICT integration into pre-service teacher education programs. Educational Technology & Society, 12(1), 193-204.
  • Gulbahar, Y. (2008). Improving the technology integration skills of prospective teachers through practice: A case study. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 7(4), 71-81.
  • Harris, J., Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2009). Teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and learning activity types: curriculum-based technology integration reframed. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(4), 393-416.
  • Hew, K. & Brush, T. (2007). Integrating technology into K-12 teaching and learning: Current knowledge gaps and recommendations for future research. Educational Technology Research and Development, 55(3), 223-252.
  • Honan, E. (2008). Barriers to teachers using digital texts in literacy classrooms. Literacy, 42(1), 36-43.
  • Hutchison, A. & Reinking, D. (2011). Teachers’ perceptions of integrating information and communication technologies into literacy instruction: a national survey in the United States. Reading Research Quarterly, 46(84), 312-333.
  • Jordan, K. (2013). The influence of gender on beginning teachers’ perceptions of their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Australian Educational Computing, 28(2), 32-50.
  • Kabakci Yurdakul, I., Odabasi, H.F., Kilicer, K, Coklar, A.N., Birinci, G., & Kurt, A.A. (2012). The development, validity and reliability of TPACK-deep: A technological pedagogical content knowledge scale. Computers and Education, 58(3), 964-977.
  • Kaya, Z., Ozdemir, T.Y., Emre, İ., & Kaya, O.N. (2011). Exploring pre-service information technology teachers’ perception of self-efficacy in web-technological pedagogical content knowledge. 6th International Advanced Technologies Symposium (IATS’11), Elazıg, Turkey.
  • Kazu, İ. Y. & Erten, P. (2011). The views of elementary pre-service teachers towards web pedagogical content knowledge. 10th National Elementary Teaching Education Symposium. Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
  • Kurt, S. (2012). Examining teachers’ use of computer-based technologies: A case study. Education and Information Technologies, 18(4), 557-570.
  • Lambert, J. & Gong, Y. (2010). 21st century paradigms for pre-service teacher technology preparation. Computers in the Schools, 27(1), 54-70.
  • Lawless, K.A, & Pellegrino, J.W. (2007). Professional development in integrating technology in to teaching and learning: knowns, unknowns, and ways to pursue better questions and answers. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 575-614.
  • Lim, C.P. & Khine, M. (2006). Managing teachers' barriers to ICT integration in Singapore schools. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 14(1), 97-125.
  • Lim, C.P. (2007). Effective integration of ICT in Singapore schools: Pedagogical and policy implications. Education Technology Research & Development, 55(1), 83-116.
  • Liu, Y. & Szabo, Z. (2009). Teachers’ attitudes toward technology integration in schools: A four year study. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 15(1), 5-23.
  • McCannon, M. & Crews, T.B. (2000). Assessing the technology needs of elementary school teachers. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 8(2), 11-121.
  • McClure, R. (2011). The digital information divide. In S. D’Agustino (Ed.), Adaptation, resistance and access to instructional Technologies: Assessing future trends in education. Hershey, PA: IGI Global Information Science Reference.
  • Miles, M.B. & Hubermann, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mishra, P. & Koehler, M.J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054.
  • Niess, M.L. (2005). Preparing teachers to teach science and mathematics with technology: Developing a technology pedagogical content knowledge. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21(5), 509-523.
  • Niess, M.L. (2008). Guiding pre-service teachers in developing TPCK. In AACTE (Eds.), Handbook of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) for educators (pp.223-250). New York: Routledge.
  • Oncu, S., Delialioglu, O. & Brown, C.A. (2008). Critical components for technology integration: How do instructors make decisions? Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 27(1), 19-46.
  • Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A.T., Glazewski, K.D., Newby, T.J., & Ertmer, P.A. (2010). Teacher value beliefs associated with using technology: addressing professional and student needs. Computers and Education, 55(3), 1321-1335.
  • Polly, D. & Brantley-Dias, L. (2009). TPACK: Where do we go now? TechTrends, 53(5), 46-47.
  • Sang, G., Valcke, M., van Braak, J., & Tondeur, J. (2010). Student teachers’ thinking processes and ICT integration: Predictors of prospective teaching behaviors with educational technology. Computers and Education, 54(1), 103-112.
  • Scherer, R., Tondeur, J. & Siddiq, F. (2017). On the quest for validity: Testing the factor structure and measurement invariance of the technology-dimensions in the technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) model. Computers & Education, 112, 1-17.
  • Seferoglu, S.S. & Akbiyik, C. (2005). A study on primary school teachers’ perceived computer self-efficacy. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 19, 89-101.
  • Shin, T.S., Koehler, M.J., Mishra, P., Schmidt, D.A., Baran, E., & Thompson, A.D. (2009). Changing technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) through course experiences. In I. Gibson, R. Weber, K. McFerrin, R. Carlsen, & D. A. Willis (Eds.), Society for ınformation technology and teacher education (pp.4152-4156). Chesapeake, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
  • Tinio, V. (2003). ICT in education. ICT for development. New York: United Nations Development Programme.
  • Tinmaz, H. (2004). An Assessment of Pre-service Teachers’ Technology Perception in Relation to Their Subject Area (Unpublished master’s thesis). Middle East Technical University. The Graduate School of Social Sciences. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Thompson, A.D., Schmidt, D.A., & Davis, N.E. (2003). Technology collaboratives for simultaneous renewal in teacher education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 51(1), 124–128.
  • TED. (2009). Ogretmen yeterlikleri: Ozet rapor (1. baski). ISBN 978-9944-5128-7-9. Valanides, N. & Angeli, C. (2008). Learning and teaching about scientific models with a computer modeling tool. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(2), 220-233.
  • Yildirim, A. & Simsek, H. (2008). Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Ankara: Seckin.
  • Zhao, Y. (2007). Social studies teachers’ perspectives of technology integration. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 15(3), 311-333.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Eylem Yalcin Incik Bu kişi benim

Cenk Akay

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Temmuz 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Incik, E. Y., & Akay, C. (2017). A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views. Contemporary Educational Technology, 8(3), 232-248.
AMA Incik EY, Akay C. A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views. Contemporary Educational Technology. Temmuz 2017;8(3):232-248.
Chicago Incik, Eylem Yalcin, ve Cenk Akay. “A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-Service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views”. Contemporary Educational Technology 8, sy. 3 (Temmuz 2017): 232-48.
EndNote Incik EY, Akay C (01 Temmuz 2017) A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views. Contemporary Educational Technology 8 3 232–248.
IEEE E. Y. Incik ve C. Akay, “A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views”, Contemporary Educational Technology, c. 8, sy. 3, ss. 232–248, 2017.
ISNAD Incik, Eylem Yalcin - Akay, Cenk. “A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-Service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views”. Contemporary Educational Technology 8/3 (Temmuz 2017), 232-248.
JAMA Incik EY, Akay C. A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views. Contemporary Educational Technology. 2017;8:232–248.
MLA Incik, Eylem Yalcin ve Cenk Akay. “A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-Service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views”. Contemporary Educational Technology, c. 8, sy. 3, 2017, ss. 232-48.
Vancouver Incik EY, Akay C. A Comprehensive Analysis on Technopedagogical Education Competency and Technology Perception of Pre-service Teachers: Relation, Levels and Views. Contemporary Educational Technology. 2017;8(3):232-48.