Sorumlulukların Dengelenmesi: CBDR’nin Montreal Protokolü’ne Entegrasyonu

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 75 - 84, 31.12.2023

Sefa Öztürk

Öz

Ortak fakat farklılaştırılmış sorumluluklar ilkesi (CBDR), uluslararası çevre politikasının temel bir kavramı olarak gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin küresel çevre sorunlarına karşı paylaşılan ancak farklı sorumluluklarını tanımlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Ozon Tabakasının Korunmasına Dair Viyana Sözleşmesi ve Montreal Protokolü tarafından kurulan uluslararası ozon rejimine CBDR ilkesinin nasıl entegre olduğunu incelemektedir. Bu makale uluslararası antlaşmalar, resmi raporlar ve akademik literatür kullanılarak, CBDR ilkesinin, ticaret yasakları, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için aşamalı sona erdirme takvimi ertelemeleri ve Çok Taraflı Fon gibi belirli mekanizmalar aracılığıyla nasıl işler hâle getirildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, CBDR ilkesinin ozon rejiminin çerçevesine somut bir şekilde dahil edilmesinin, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler arasında küresel katılımı ve uyumu artıran, rejimin başarısında belirleyici bir faktör olduğunu savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Montreal Protokolü, Uluslararası Çevre Politikası, Uluslararası Ozon Rejimi, ortak fakat farklılaştırılmış sorumluluklar ilkesi, Uluslararası Çevre İşbirliği

Balancing Responsibilities: The Integration of CBDR in the Montreal Protocol

Öz

The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) has been a central concept in international environmental politics, recognizing the shared yet distinct responsibilities of developed and developing countries in addressing global environmental challenges. This study delves into the practical application of the CBDR principle within the international ozone regime, primarily established by the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol. Employing a content analysis of key international treaties, official reports, and academic literature, this paper reveals how the CBDR principle is operationalized through specific mechanisms like trade bans, phase down/phaseout schedule postponements for developing countries, and the Multilateral Fund. It argues that the tangible incorporation of CBDR into the regime’s framework is a pivotal factor in its success, enhancing global participation and compliance, particularly among developing countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Montreal Protocol, International Environmental Politics, International Ozone Regime, common but differentiated responsibilities, International Environmental Cooperation

Kaynakça

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