Bharati Mukherjee'nin Türkçedeki Sesinin Postkolonyal Bağlamda İncelenmesi

Öz

Sömürgecilik sonrası edebiyat, sömürgecilikten ciddi şekilde etkilenen yazarlara, eserlerinin üslubu ve içeriği aracılığıyla kendilerini görünür kılma ve seslerini duyurma olanağı sağlamıştır. Önde gelen kadın sömürgecilik sonrası yazarlardan biri olan Bharati Mukherjee, hem eserleriyle hem de yaşam öyküsüyle Güney Asya diasporasını temsil etmektedir. Diğer sömürgecilik sonrası yazarlar gibi Mukherjee de eserlerinde göç, kimlik, melezlik ve anlamın müzakeresi gibi temaları ele almaktadır. Hindistan'da doğup daha sonra önce Kanada'ya, ardından Amerika'ya göç eden yazar, ‘kültürel çevirmen’ olarak kabul edilebilir. Jasmine romanının başkahramanı olan ve roman boyunca kimliğini arayan Jasmine, aynı zamanda ‘üçüncü alanda’ yaşayan bir göçmen kadın karakterdir. Mukherjee'nin sesi bu roman aracılığıyla İngilizce konuşan insanlar tarafından duyulurken, Türkçe çevirisiyle sömürgecilik sonrası bir özne olarak sesi Türkçede de duyulmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu bağlamda çevirinin rolünün önemli olduğu açıktır. Bu doğrultuda, bu makalenin üç amacı bulunmaktadır: 1) Bharati Mukherjee'nin ‘kültürel çevirmen’ rolünü ortaya koymak, 2) başkahramanı, yazarı ve romanın kendisini ‘üçüncü alanda’ konumlandırmak ve 3) romanın Türkçe çevirisinin yazarın sesinin duyulduğu bir alan yaratmadaki katkısını göstermek. Bu amaçla, kaynak ve erek metinler, özellikle kültürel unsurlarına vurgu yapılarak karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, hem metaforik hem de diller arası çeviri süreçlerinin diller ve kültürler arasında kimliği yeniden yapılandıran dönüştürücü eylemler olarak işlev gördüğü ve böylece postkolonyal öznenin sesinin farklı sosyokültürel bağlamlarda duyulmasını sağladığı ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bharati Mukherjee
• Jasmine
• “üçüncü alan”
• kültürel melezlik
• postkolonyal çeviri

An Examination of Bharati Mukherjee's Voice in Turkish within a Postcolonial Context

Öz

Postcolonial literature provided a platform for authors who were seriously affected by colonialism to make themselves visible and to make their voices heard through the style as well as the content of their works. Bharati Mukherjee, one of the prominent female postcolonial authors, represents the diaspora in South Asia both through her works and her persona. Just like other post-colonial authors, Mukherjee addresses themes such as migration, identity, hybridity, and the negotiation of meaning in her works. Born in India and later migrating first to Canada and then to America, the author can be considered a ‘cultural translator’. The protagonist of her novel Jasmine, who is searching for her identity throughout the novel, is also a migrant female character living in a ‘third space.’ While the voice of Mukherjee is heard through this novel by English-speaking people, through its Turkish translation, her voice, as a postcolonial subject, can also be heard by Turkish-speaking people. Thus, the role of translation in this context is important. In line with these points, the aim of this article is threefold: 1) To consider the role of Bharati Mukherjee a ‘cultural translator,’ 2) To position the protagonist, along with the author, and the novel itself in a ‘third space,’ and 3) To demonstrate the contribution of the Turkish translation of the novel to creating a space where the author's voice is heard. To this end, the source and target texts are examined comparatively, with special emphasis on realia. As a result, both metaphorical and interlingual translation processes are expected to function as transformative acts that reconstruct identity across languages and cultures, thus enabling the postcolonial subject’s voice to be heard in different sociocultural contexts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bharati Mukherjee
• Jasmine
• Third Space
• cultural translator
• postcolonial translation

Kaynakça

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