The Impact of Electoral Violence On Migration: The Case of Kenya

Öz

Seçim Şiddetinin Göç Üzerindeki Etkisi: Kenya Örneği1

Öz

Farklı siyasi eğilimlerin hiçbir hak veya rekabet imkânının bulunmadığı bir siyasi rejim demokrasi olarak tanımlanamaz. Bu anlamda, seçim rekabetinin demokrasinin özü ve demokratik temsil sürecinde anahtar bileşen olduğu söylenebilir. Bu rekabet, özgür, adil ve düzenli seçimlerle anlam kazanır. Ancak seçimler her zaman barışçıl bir ortamda gerçekleşmez. Özellikle Afrika kıtasında bazı seçimlerde siyasi rekabetin giderek artan oranda seçim şiddetine yol açtığı gözlemlenmektedir. Kenya, diğer birçok Sahra altı devleti gibi, 1990'lardaki ikinci demokratikleşme dalgası sırasında kapsamlı anayasal reformları yürürlüğe koymuş ve seçimler Kenya siyasetinin bariz bir özelliği haline gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte, demokratikleşmeye yönelik iyimser atmosfer kısa sürede ortadan kalkmıştır. Son yıllarda Kenya'da seçim şiddeti yaygın bir olgu haline gelmiş ve siyasi ve ekonomik olduğu kadar büyük bir insani krize de neden olmuştur. Bu makale Kenya'da seçim şiddetinin göç üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmekte ve seçim şiddetinin bu ülkede göçe yol açıp açmadığını analiz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kenya
• seçim
• seçim şiddeti
• göç
• siyasi rekabet

Kaynakça

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