İran'ın Sui Generis Hükümet Sistemi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 581 - 601, 30.06.2025

Serkan Ünal

Öz

1979 Devrimi sonrasında kurulan İran İslam Cumhuriyeti Şii İslam anlayışı çerçevesinde şekillenmiştir. Resmi mezhep olarak kabul edilen Şiilik (Caferilik) ülkenin anayasal kurumlarını, dolayısıyla siyasal yapısını belirleyen en önemli unsur olmuştur. İran siyasal sistemi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar daha ziyade sistemin araçlarını ve nasıl işlediğini ele aldığından söz konusu sistemin hükümet sistemleri literatüründeki yeri ihmal edilmiştir. Bu çalışma 1979 Devrimi ile İran’da kurulan siyasi rejimin hükümet sistemleri içindeki yerine odaklanmaktadır. Anayasal inceleme ve literatür tarama yöntemlerini kullanan çalışma mezhep temelli şekillenen İran’ın mevcut sistemler içinde tasnifi yapılamayan sui generis bir hükümet sistemine sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İran , hükümet sistemi , siyasal sistem , siyasi rejim

Iran’s sui Generis Form of Government

Öz

The Islamic Republic of Iran was established after the 1979 Revolution and was restructured within the framework of Shiite Islam. Shiism (Ja’farism), accepted as the official sect, has been the most important influence on the constitutional institutions and thus on the political structure of the country. Studies examining Iran’s political system mostly focus on the instruments of the system and how it functions; therefore, the form of this system in the literature has been neglected. This study focused on the place of the political regime established in Iran following the 1979 Revolution within the forms of government context. The study used the methods of constitutional analysis and literature review and found that Iran, whose government is based on sectarianism, has a sui generis form of government that cannot be similarly classified in the context of other existing forms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Iran , government system , political system , political regime

Kaynakça

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