İş Kazalarını Etkileyen İçsel ve Dışsal Faktörler: Türkiye Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye genelinde 2008-2021 yılları arasında meydana gelen iş kazası verileri analiz edilerek bu alandaki sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerinin sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’ndan elde edilen veriler ile iş kazası sıklık hızları, iş kazası ağırlık hızları, mortalite ve fatalite hızları ile değişim oranları hesaplanarak elde edilen bulguların yıllara göre kıyaslaması yapılmıştır. Belirlenen dönem için gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda iş kazası sayılarında büyük bir değişime sebep olduğu düşünülen iki farklı içsel ve dışsal etki dikkat çekmektedir. İçsel etki olarak 2012 yılında çıkarılan 6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu, dışsal etki olarak 2020 yılında ülkemizi etkisi alan pandemi süreci tespit edilmiştir. Bu etkilerin iş kazaları ve meydana gelen ölüm sayıları üzerindeki rolü değerlendirilerek, iş kazalarını ortadan kaldırmak veya en aza indirmek amacıyla çözüm öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş Kazası
• İş Güvenliği
• İş Kazası Sıklık Hızı
• İş Kazası Ağırlık Hızı

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Affecting Occupational Accidents: The Case of Turkey

Öz

The present study has been conducted for the purpose of presenting solutions to the problems in this field. To this end, an analysis has been made of the occupational accident data occurring between 2008 and 2021 in Turkey. The data obtained from the Social Security Institution were used to calculate occupational accident frequency rates, occupational accident severity rates, mortality and fatality rates, and rates of change. These rates were then compared by year. The analysis yielded two salient effects believed to significantly influence the number of occupational accidents: the “Occupational Health and Safety Law No. 6331”, enacted in 2012, and the pandemic process that affected the country in 2020. Through rigorous evaluation, it was determined that these effects significantly influence both the frequency of occupational accidents and the number of fatalities. Consequently, a series of actionable recommendations have been formulated to address and eliminate or minimise these hazards.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ooccupational Accident
• Ooccupational Safety
• Occupational Accident Frequency Rate
• Occupational Accident Weight Rate

Kaynakça

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