Bazı Kamu Harcamaları ve Sağlık Hizmetlerinden Yararlanma ile İlişkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, gayrisafi yurt içi hasıla (GSYİH) içindeki payları esas alınarak ölçülen eğitim, sağlık ve askerî harcamalar ile Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı’nın (SDP) kişi başına düşen doktor muayenesi sayısı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmada, 1978–2022 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme (ARDL) modeli kullanılmıştır. Açıklayıcı değişkenler arasında GSYİH'deki askeri, eğitim ve sağlık harcamalarının payları ile Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı (SDP) kukla değişkeni (1978-2002 için 0 ve 2003-2022 için 1 olarak kodlanmıştır) yer almaktadır. Eşbütünleşme test edilmiş ve hem kısa vadeli dinamikleri hem de uzun vadeli ilişkileri yakalamak için Hata Düzeltme Modeli (ECM) uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, kamu kaynaklarının sektörel dağılımının sağlık hizmeti kullanımını anlamlı biçimde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Sağlık harcamaları pozitif, askerî harcamalar negatif etki yaratırken, eğitim harcamalarının anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmamıştır. Bu bulgular, kamu bütçelerinde savunmaya kıyasla insan sermayesine yapılan yatırımlara öncelik verilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı
• kamu harcamaları
• doktor muayeneleri
• Sağlık politikası

Etik Beyan

Dünya Bankası ve Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü'nden (OECD) elde edilen ikincil veriler kullanıldığı için etik onaya gerek yoktur.

Some Public Expenditures and Their association with Healthcare Utilization

Öz

This study examines the effects of government expenditures on education, health, and military sectors—measured as shares of gross domestic product (GDP)—along with the Health Transformation Program (HTP), on the number of physician consultations per capita, which serves as a key indicator of healthcare utilization. The study employed an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model using annual data from 1978 to 2022. Explanatory variables include the shares of military, education, and health spending in GDP, as well as a Health Transformation Program (HTP) dummy (coded 0 for 1978–2002 and 1 for 2003–2022). Cointegration was tested, and an Error Correction Model (ECM) was applied to capture both short-run dynamics and long-run relationships. The allocation of public resources is closely associated with access to healthcare, with healthcare utilization showing a positive association with health expenditures, no significant association with education spending, and a negative association with military expenditures.These findings underscore the importance of prioritizing investments in human capital over defense in public budgeting.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health Transformation Programme
• public expenditure
• doctor consultations
• health policy

Etik Beyan

Because secondary data from the World Bank and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) were used, ethical approval is not required.

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