Aşırı Eğitim, Eğitim-İş Uyuşmazlığı ve İran İşgücü Piyasasında Üniversite Mezunu İş Arayanların İş Becerileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, aşırı eğitim, eğitim-iş uyumsuzluğu ve İran işgücü piyasasında üniversite mezunları iş arayanların becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla, öncelikle, eğitim uyumsuzluğu ve aşırı eğitim kavramları tanıtılmaktadır. Ardından işgücü piyasasında beceri ve eğitim uyumsuzluğu arasındaki ilişkinin kuramsal temelleri analiz edilir. Son olarak, 2015 yılında Urmia'da özel iş bulma ajanslarına (JFA) kayıtlı olan üniversite diplomalı yerel iş arayanlardan alınan mikro veriler aracılığıyla bu ilişki, tahmin edilmiştir. Yükseköğretime sahip 3481 iş başvurusunda bulunan bir nüfusun (lisans veya üstü) 366 tanesi rastgele örneklemeye göre seçilmiştir. Bu ilişkiyi araştırmak için regresyon analizi ve Logit modeli kullanılmıştır. Regresyon analizimizde aşırı eğitim bağımlı değişken olarak kabul edilirken, yaş, cinsiyet ve beceri açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak davranmıştır. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, üniversite mezunu iş başvurusunda bulunan adayların artmakta olan yeterlilikleri ile, aşırı eğitim ve eğitim-meslek uyumsuzluğu olasılığının arttığını, ancak yaş ile eğitim uyumsuzluğu olasılığı arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aşırı eğitimleşme
• eğitm-iş uyuşmazlığı
• işgücü becerileri
• işgücü piyasası
• Üniversite mezunları

Over-education, Educational-job Mismatch, and Skills of Job seekers with Tertiary Education in the Labor Market of Iran

Öz

This study was aimed at exploring the correlation among over-education, educational-job mismatch and the skills of university graduate jobseekers in the labor market of Iran. Its prime objective was to find out whether skills of jobseekers could leave a significant effect on the reduction of educational mismatch. To this end, at first, the concepts of educational-mismatch and over-education are introduced. Then, the theoretical bases of the relationship between skill and educational-mismatch in labor market are analyzed. Finally, through micro-data taken from local jobseekers with university degrees who registered in private job-finding agencies (JFAs) in Urmia in 2015, this relationship was estimated in this descriptive case-study. Out of a population of 3481 job applicants with tertiary education (bachelor’s or above degrees), 366 were selected based on random sampling. Regression analysis and Logit model were utilized to investigate this relationship. In our regression analysis, over-education was considered as the dependent variable, while age, gender and skill acted as explanatory variables. The findings of this study indicate that with rising qualifications of the university graduate job applicants, the possibility of over-education and education-occupation mismatch increases, but there is negative correlation with age and probability of educational mismatch.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Labor market
• Over-education
• Education-job mismatch
• University graduates

Kaynakça

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