Ticaret Liberalizasyonu ve İhracat Çeşitlendirmesinin İşşizliğe Etkisi : Ampirik bir Analiz

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 617 - 638, 25.12.2020

Barbaros Guneri , Zeynep Erünlü

https://doi.org/10.18074/ckuiibfd.739340

Öz

Bu çalışma, ticaret liberalizasyonu ve ihracat çeşitlendirmesinin toplam işsizlik üzerindeki etkisini bir grup OECD ülkesi için 1991-2014 yılları arasında incelemektedir. Ampirik analizde, liberalizasyon ve ihracat çeşitlendirmesi endekslerinin yanı sıra çok sayıda kontrol değişkeni kullanılmış olup, ülkelerin uluslararası ticaretlerini artırdıkça ve ihracat sepetlerini çeşitlendirdikçe işsizlik oranlarının azaldığı bulunmuştur. Dolayısıyla, OECD ülkelerinin korumacılıktan ziyade ticaretin serbestleştirilmesi lehine politikalar izlemeleri gerektiği söylenebilir. Ayrıca, ihracat sepetlerinin uzmanlaşma yerine çeşitlendirilmesi, işsizlik oranının azaltılmasında büyük önem taşımaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Panel Veri, Ticaret Liberalizasyonu, Dışa Açıklık, Ekonomik Globalleşme, İhracat Çeşitlendirmesi, İşşizlik Oranı

The Effects of Trade Liberalization and Export Diversification on Unemployment: An Empirical Analysis

Öz

This study investigates the effects of trade liberalization and export diversification on total unemployment for a group of OECD countries for the period between 1991 and 2014. In the empirical analysis, several liberalization and export diversification indices as well as various control variables are used and it is found that as countries engage more in international trade and diversify their export baskets, unemployment rate decreases. Thus, it can be argued that OECD countries should follow policies that are in favor of trade liberalization rather than protectionism. Moreover, diversification of export baskets instead of specialization is of great importance in decreasing the unemployment rate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Panel Data, Trade Liberalization, Trade Openness, Economic Globalization, Export Diversification, Unemployment Rate

Kaynakça

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