Türkiye’nin Ege Bölgesinden Rubia tinctorum L. (Rubieae, Rubiaceae) Üzerine Anatomik ve Palinolojik Araştırmalar

Öz

Rubia L. cinsi tarımsal, endüstriyel ve farmakolojik açıdan önemli türleri içermektedir. Türkiye florasında doğal olarak bulunan ve kızılboya olarak bilinen Rubia tinctorum L. eski tarihlerden beri köklerinden elde edilen kökboyası ile doğal boya kaynağı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin Ege Bölgesi’nde yayılış gösteren R. tinctorum’un ışık ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenen anatomik and palinolojik özellikleri üzerine bir ön değerlendirme raporu verilir. Kök anatomisinde, çok sıralı parankima hücrelerinden meydana gelen korteks, kollateral iletim demetlerinden oluşan iletim doku, 1(-2) sıralı ışın hücreleri ve merkezinde bir boşluk bulunan öz gözlemlenmektedir. Yaprak ayası anatomisi incelendiğinde, bifasiyal ve amfistomatik tipte yaprak, 1 sıralı silindir şeklinde palizat parankiması ile birkaç sıralı düzensiz dizilmiş sünger parankimasından oluşan dosiventral tipte mezofil ve parankimatik demet kını hücreleri tarafından çevrelenen büyük kollateral bir iletim demetine sahip orta damar bulunmaktadır. Polen tanecikleri tek tek dökülür, küçük boyutlu, ekvatoral görünümde sıklıkla sferoidal şekilli, genellikle hekzakolpat ve mikroekinat-perforat ekzin süsüne sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rubia,vejetatif anatomi,polen morfolojisi,mikroskobi tekniği

Anatomical and Palynological Investigations on Rubia tinctorum L. (Rubieae, Rubiaceae) from the Aegean Region of Turkey

Öz

The genus Rubia L. includes valuable species in terms of important agricultural, industrial, and pharmacological characteristics. Red dye obtained from the roots of Rubia tinctorum L., naturally found in the flora of Turkey and known as common madder, has been used as the source of a natural dye since ancient times. In this work, a preliminary report is given on anatomical and palynological traits of R. tinctorum distributed in the Aegean Region of Turkey examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. In the root anatomy, the cortex composed of multilayered parenchyma cells, the vascular tissue organized in collateral vascular bundles, 1(-2)-rowed ray cells, and the pith with a cavity at the center are observed. In the leaf anatomy, the bifacial and amphistomatic leaf, the dorsiventral mesophyll with one layer of columnar palisade parenchyma cells and a few layers of irregularly organized spongy parenchyma cells, and the midrib with a large collateral vascular bundle surrounded by parenchymatous bundle sheath cells are recognized. Pollen grains are shed as monads, small, mostly spheroidal in equatorial view, generally hexacolpate and have a microechinate-perforate exine ornamentation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rubia,vegetative anatomy,pollen morphology,microscopy technique

Kaynakça

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