Van’da (Türkiye) Saksağan (Pica pica), Cüce Karga (Corvus monedula) ve Ekin Kargası (Corvus frugilegus) Dışkılarının Helmint Parazitler Açısından İncelenmesi

Yıl 2020, , 91 - 95, 31.12.2020

Ali Bilgin Yılmaz , Erkan Azizoğlu , Özdemir Adızel

https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.765084

Öz

Bu çalışma Corvidae ailesine bağlı Saksağan (Pica pica), Cüce karga (Corvus monedula), Ekin kargası (Corvus frugilegus) türü yabani kuşlarda gastrointestinal sistem helmintlerini tespit etmek için yapıldı. Bu amaçla Saksağan’dan 43, Cüce kargadan 40, Ekin kargasından 42 adet dışkı toplandı. Dışkılar sedimantasyon ve flotasyon yöntemleri ile incelendi. İnceleme sonucunda Saksağan'da %2.32 oranında Echinostoma spp., %6.97 oranında %6.97 oranında Capillaria spp., %2.32 oranında Syngamus spp., %6.97 oranında Raillietina spp., Cüce kargada %2.5 oranında Raillietina spp., %10 oranında Capillaria spp., Ekin kargasında %9.52 oranında Capillaria spp. türü helmint yumurtaları tespit edildi. Dışkı muayenelerinde yumurtalarını tespit ettiğimiz helmint türleri Pica pica, Corvus monedula ve Corvus frugilegus’da, Türkiye'de ilk kez bu çalışma ile bildirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Corvidae, Helmint, Pica pica, Corvus frugilegus, Corvus monedula

Examination of Helminth Parasites in the Fecal Samples of Magpies (Pica pica), Jackdaws (Corvus monedula), and Rooks (Corvus frugilegus) in the Vicinities of Van Province/Turkey

Öz

The present study was designed to examine helminths in the gastrointestinal tract of corvid species including Pica pica, Corvus frugilegus, and Corvus monedula. A total of 43 fecal samples were collected from Pica pica, 42 samples from Corvus frugilegus, and 42 samples from Corvus monedula species. Feces were analyzed using sedimentation and flotation methods. Echinostoma spp. (2.32%), Capillaria spp. (6.97%), Syngamus spp. (2.32%), and Raillietina spp. (6.97%) were detected in Pica pica, Raillietina spp. (2.5%) and Capillaria spp. (10.0%) were detected in Corvus monedula, and only Capillaria spp. (9.52%) were detected in Corvus frugilegus. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Turkey identifying these helminth species in the fecal samples of these bird species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Corvidae, Pica pica, Corvus frigilegus, Corvus monedula, Helminth

Kaynakça

• Adang, K.L., Oniye, S.J., Ajanusi, O.J., Ezalor, A.U., & Abdu P.A. (2008). Gastrointestinal helminths of the domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789 Aves: Columbidae) in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Scientific World Journal, 3, 33-37. http://doi.org /10.4314/swj.v3i1.51769
• Akın, G. (2009). Ekoloji (Çevebilim) ve çevre sorunları. Ankara, Tiyden Yayıncılık, 306 pp.
• Aydın, A., Göz, Y., & Değer, S. (2010). Fauna of Helminth in Chickens Grown in Central Villages of Hakkari According to Their Excrement Inspections. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 8-12.
• Baker, D.G. (2007). Flynn’s parasites of Laboratory Animals. USA, Blackwell Publishing., 784 pp.
• Balkaya, N., & Çelikoba, İ. (2005). Sulak alanlar ve Kızılırmak Deltası. II.Mühendislik Bilimleri Genç Araştırmacılar Kongresi, 17-19 Kasım, İstanbul.
• Bush, A.O., Aho, J.M., & Kennedy, C.R. (1990). Ecological versus phylogenetic determinants of helminth parasite community richness. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 4, 1–20.
• Choe, S., Lee, D., Park, H., Oh, M., Jeon, H.K., Lee, Y.,……………. & Eom, K.S. (2014). Three Echinostome Species from Wild Birds in the Republic of Korea. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 52, 513-520. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.513.
• Çetindağ, M., & Bıyıkoğlu, G. (1997). Türkiye'de saksağan (Pica pica)'larda Dispharynx nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) ve Trichomonas sp. bulgusu. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 9, 149-156.
• Farias, J.D., & Canaris, A.G. (1986). Gastrointestinal helminths of the Mexican duck, Anas platyrhynchos Diazı Ridgway, from North Central Mexico and Southwestern United States. Journal Wild Diseases, 22, 51-54.
• Fernando, M.A., & Barta, J.R. (2008). Parasitic Diseases of Wild Birds. England, Blackwell Publishing., 556 pp.
• Gıcık, Y., & Burgu, A. (2000). Ankara ve çevresinde yabani güvercinlerde helmint faunası. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 6, 1-7.
• Girişgin, A.O., Alasonyalılar-Demirer, A., Büyükcangaz, E., Khıder, M., Birlik, S., & İpek, V. (2019). Postmortem findings on a group of Pica pica (Passeriformes: Corvidae). Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 66, 155-161. https://doi.org/10.33988/AUVFD.547504
• Griffiths, H. J., Gonder, E., & Pomeroy, B. S. (1976). An outbreak of trematodiasis in domestic geese. Avian Disease. 20, 604–606.
• Güçlü, F. (1992). The Helminh Fauna in Chickens, Turkeys, Ducks and Geese in the Region of Ankara. (Phd Thesis). Ankara University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
• Halajian, A,, Eslami, A., Mobedi, I.., Amin, O., Mariaux, J., Mansoori, J., & Tavakol, S. (2011). Gastrointestinal Helminths of Magpies (Pica pica), Rooks (Corvus frugilegus) and Carrion Crows (Corvus corone) in Mazandaran Province, North of Iran. Iran Journal Parasıtology, 6,38-44.
• Hossain, M.I., Dewan, M.C., Baki, M.A., & Mondad, M.N.H. (1980). Pathology of Echinostoma revolutum infections in pigeons. Bangladesh Journals Online, 14, 1–3.
• Kanarek, G., & Zaleśny, G. (2014). Extrinsic and intrinsic dependent variation in component communities and patterns of aggregations in helminth parasites of great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) from N.E. Poland. Parasitology Research, 113(3), 837–850. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3714-7
• Kaufman, J. (1996). Parasitic infections of domestic animals - A Diagnostic Manual. Switzerland Birkhäuser Verlag A.G., 423 pp.
• Kennedy, C.R., Bush, A.O., & Aho, J.M. (1986). Patterns in helminth communities: why are birds and fish different? Parasitology, 93, 205–215.
• Kılınç, Ö., Çiçek, M., & Akkaş, Ö. (2011). Investigation for Helminths of Silver Gull (Larus michahellis) Stool Living Around Van Lake. Van Veterinary Journal, 22, 101-103.
• Kiziroğlu, İ.. (2001). Birds, Our Flying Friends, Chapter 6. Ecological Potpourri. Ankara, Takav Printing House Publication, 391 pp.
• Köroğlu, E., & Taşan, E. (1996). Distribution of helminths in quails (Coturnix coturnix) and partridges (Alectoris graeca) in the vicinities of Elazığ and Tunceli. Turkısh Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 20, 241-249.
• Kurt, M., & Acici, M. (2008). Cross-Sectional survey on helminth infections of chicken in the Samsun Region. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 115(6), 239-242.
• Magwisha, H.B., Kassuku, A.A, Kyvsgaard, N.C., & Permin, A. (2002). A comparison of the prevalence and burdens of helminth infections in growers and adult free-range chickens. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 34, 205-214.
• Merdivenci, A. (1967). Türkiye’nin Marmara Bölgesinde evcil tavuk ve kazlarda görülen trematod, sestod ve nematodlara dair araştırmalar. İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınları, 31.
• Moore, J., & Clayton, D.H. (1997). Host Parasite Evolution: General Principles and Avian Models. Parasitol Today, 14(2), 84.
• Norton, R.A., & Ruff, M.D. (2003). Nematodes and Acanthocephalans. In: Saif, Y.M., Barnes, H.J., Glisson, J.R., Fadly, A.M., McDougald, L.R., and Swayne, D.E. (eds.). Diseases of Poultry. 11th ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. pp. 931–961.
• Okulewicz, A., & Koubek, P. (1994). Nematoda fauna of some charadriiformes from Czech Republic (region Brno). Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 40(2), 173-177.
• Permin, A., Magwisha, H., Kassuku, A.A., Nansen, P., Bisgaard, M., Frandsen, F., & Gibbons, L. (1997). A cross- sectional study of helminths in rural scavenging poultry in Tanzania in relation to season and climate. Journal of Helmintology, 71, 233-240.
• Permin, A., & Hansen S.W. (1998). Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of poultry parasites. Rome Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 169 pp.
• Pinto, R.M., Tortelly, R., Menezes, R.C., & Gomes, D.C. (2004). Trichurid nematodes in ring-necked pheasans from backyard flocks of the Stete of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: frequency and pathology. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 99, 721-726.
• Poulin, R. (1997). Species richness of parasite assemblages: evolution and patterns. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 28, 341–358.
• Radfar, M.H., Fathi, S., Asl, E.N., Dehaghi, M., & Seghinsara, H.R. (2011). A survey of parasites of domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in South Khorasan, Iran. Veterinary Research, 4, 18-29. https://doi.org/10.3923/vr.2011.18.23
• Shahin, A., Lebdah, M., Abu-Elkheir, S.A., & Elmeligy, M.M. (2011). Prevalence of Chiken Cestodiasis in Egypt. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 4, 321-326.
• Stenzel, T., & Koncicki, A. (2007). Occurance of Parasitic invasions in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in the Nothern Poland. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 10, 275-278.
• Svensson L., Mullarney, K., & Zatterström, D. (2009). Collins Bird Guide. London. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd., 85 pp. . Todd, K.S., & Worley, D.E. (1967). Helminth parasites of the black-billed magpie, Pica pica hudsonia (Sabıne, 1823), From Southwestern Montana. Journal of Parasitology, 53, 364-367.
• Webb, E. (2010). Effect of management strategy on waterfowl food availability and selection at wetland reserve program sites in the Mississippi Alluvial Waley, Arkansas Center of Energy, Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Grant Final Report, 1-10.
• Yıldırımhan, H.S., Gürkan, E., & Altunel F.N. (2009). Determination of the helminths of wild pigeons (Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 Columbiformes) in the Bursa region. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 33, 321-326.
• Yousuf, M.A., Das, P.M., Anisuzzaman, M., & Banowary, B., (2009). Gastrointestinal helminthes of ducks: Some Epidemiologic and pathologic aspects. Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 7, 91-97.