Batak Ovası Tarım Topraklarının Ağır Metal İçeriklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Tarım arazilerinde ağır metal ve etkileşimlerinin belirlenip izlenmesi sürdürülebilirlik açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışma Çanakkale ili Troya Tarihi Milli Parkı sınırları içinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında tarım arazilerinde belirlenen noktalarda 15 adet yüzeyden toprak örneği alınmıştır. Toprak örneklerinin fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri (toprak tekstürü, pH, EC, organik madde ve kireç içerikleri) ile toplam ve alınabilir ağır metal içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Toplam ağır metal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi için kral suyu (Aqua regia) yaş yakma metodu, alınabilir içerikler için ise dietilen triamin pentaasetik asit (DTPA) ekstraksiyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Toprak örneklerinin toplam ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının ortalama değerleri incelendiğinde Cu (16,39 µg/g), Pb (25,69 µg/g) ve Zn (35,69 µg/g)’nin kabul edilebilir limitlerde olduğu, Ni elementinin ise 70,26 µg/g ortalama değer ile limitlerin biraz üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Alınabilir ortalama değerlere göre ise Cu, Ni, Pb ve Zn değerlerinin sırasıyla 1,33 µg/g, 0,76 µg/g, 1,20 µg/g ve 1,14 µg/g olduğu ve belirlenen limit değerlerin altında olduğu görülmüştür. İstatistiksel olarak pH ile Cu ve Zn, kireç ve organik madde ile Pb ve Zn ve toprak tekstürü ile de tüm metaller arasında farklı ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile sürdürülebilir tarımsal üretim ve toprak sağlığı açısından izleme ve değerlendirme çalışmalarının önemini yeniden vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toprak
• toplam ve alınabilir ağır metal
• fiziko-kimyasal özellikler

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contents of Batak Plain Agricultural Soils

Öz

Determining and monitoring heavy metals and their interactions in agricultural soils is crucial for ensuring soil sustainability. This study was conducted within the boundaries of the Troy Historical National Park, located in Çanakkale, NW-Türkiye. A total of 15 surface soil samples were collected from the agricultural lands of the study area. The physicochemical properties of the samples (texture, pH, EC, organic matter, and lime content) as well as their total and available heavy metal concentrations were analyzed. The total heavy metal contents were determined using the wet digestion technique (Aqua regia), while available contents were extracted using the diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction method. Based on the average concentrations of total heavy metals, Cu (16.39 µg/g), Pb (25.69 µg/g), and Zn (35.69 µg/g) were found to be within acceptable limits, whereas Ni (70.26 µg/g) slightly exceeded the permissible limit. According to the average available concentrations, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were found to be 1.33 µg/g, 0.76 µg/g, 1.20 µg/g, and 1.14 µg/g, respectively, all below the defined threshold values. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between pH and Cu–Zn, between lime and organic matter with Pb–Zn, and between soil texture and all metals. The results of this study once again emphasize the importance of monitoring and evaluation activities for sustainable agricultural production and soil health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soil
• total and available heavy metals
• physicochemical properties

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