Çim Peleti Üretiminde Kalıp Delik Çapı ve Nem İçeriğinin Üretim Parametreleri ve Pelet Fiziksel Özelliklerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada peyzaj alanlarında ortaya çıkan çim biçme artıklarının pelet hammaddesi olarak kullanım olanakları araştırılmıştır. Peletleme işleminde temel değişkenler içerisinde yer alan peletleme nemi ve pelet çapının, pelet üretim koşulları ve pelet fiziksel özelliklerine etkisi belirlenmiş ve ilgili standartlara uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, denemelerde %14 ve %17 olmak üzere iki farklı peletleme neminde ve 6 mm ve 8 mm olmak üzerinde iki farklı kalıp delik çapında peletler (P6-14; P6-17; P8-14; P8-17) üretilmiştir. Peletlere ait fiziksel özellikler kapsamında; nem içeriği, yığın yoğunluğu, parça yoğunluğu, dayanıklılık direnci ve darbe direnci değerleri belirlenmiştir. İşletme değerleri açısından önemli olan üretim sırasındaki enerji tüketimi değerleri ölçülmüş ve üretim kapasitesi değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre peletleme nem ve pelet çapının artışı üretim kapasitesini artırmakta, enerji tüketimini düşürmekle birlikte pelet fiziksel özelliklerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Pelet parça yoğunluğu ve yığın yoğunluğu değerleri, pelet çapının ve peletleme neminin artmasıyla azalmıştır. En yüksek parça ve yığın yoğunluğu değerleri P6-14 peletlerinde 1024.11 kg/m3 ve 624.07 kg/m3, en düşük parça ve yığın yoğunluğu değerleri P8-17 peletlerinde 787.06 kg/m3 ve 479.29 kg/m3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. En yüksek pelet dayanıklılık direnci değerine sahip olan P6-14 peletlerinin dayanıklılık direnci değeri %95.97 ile standart değerin (≥%97.5) altındadır. Çalışma sonunda, çim biçme artıklarının düşük nem içeriğinde peletlenmesi veya karışım materyali olarak peletlenmesi güç olan biyokütle kaynaklarıyla kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pelet
• Pelet kalıbı
• biyokütle
• pelet fiziksel özellikleri
• çim biçme artıkları

The Effects of Die Hole Diameter and Pelletizing Moisture on Production Parameters and Physical Properties of Grass Pellets

Öz

In this study, alternative pellet raw material usage possibilities of lawn mowing residues emerging from landscape areas were investigated During pellet production, energy consumption and production capacity were measured. Regarding to pellet physical properties, moisture content (MC), bulk density (BD), particle density (PD), pellet durability index (PDI) and impact resistance (IR) values were determined. For this purpose, 6 mm and 8 mm diameter pellets were obtained at 14% and 17% pelletizing moisture (P6-14, P6-17, P8-14, P8-17). Although the increase in pelleting moisture and pellet diameter increased the production capacity and decreased energy consumption, it negatively affected the pellet physical properties. Increasing the diameter value of pellets with 6 and 8 mm diameter at the same moisture content decreased the pellet physical qualities. PDI and BD values decreased with increasing pellet diameter and pelletizing moisture. The highest PD and BD values were calculated as 1024.11 kg/m3 and 624.07 kg/m3 for P6-14 pellets, and lowest PD and BD values were 787.06 kg/m3 and 479.29 kg/m3 for P8-17 pellets. The highest PDI values obtained with P6-14 pellets as 95.97%, which is below the standard value (≥97.5%). At the end of the study, it was concluded that lawn mowing residues should be pelleted with low moisture pelleting or use as mixture material for biomass sources that are difficult to pelletize.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• pellet
• pellet die
• biomass
• pellet physical properties
• grass
• lawn mowing residues

Kaynakça

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