Cumhuriyetin Yüzüncü Yılında Türkiye'nin İnsani Diplomasisinin Evrimi : Sosyal İnşacı Perspektif

Öz

Türk dış politikası, son yıllarda sadece resmi söylemlerde değil pratikte de giderek artan bir biçimde insani diplomasiye verdiği önemle tanınmaktadır. Türkiye bugün bu alanda dünyanın önde gelen insani devletleri arasında yer almaktadır. Makale, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin yüzüncü yılı münasebetiyle, sosyal inşacı bir bakış açısına vurgu yaparak bu insani diplomasinin evriminin bir analizini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Konvansiyonel sosyal inşacı yaklaşım, geleneksel biçimiyle, siyasal gerçekçiliğin hakim olduğu dünya meselelerine, bu gerçekliği reddetmeksizin, alternatif değil, tamamlayıcı açıklamalar getirir. Bu temelde, sosyal inşacı yaklaşım, devletlerin dış politikalarının nasıl inşa edildiğini ve devletlerin rasyonel davranmasının gerekli olduğu dış maddi dünyayı nasıl algılayabildiğini daha iyi açıklamaya yardımcı olur. Metodolojik olarak makale, söylem analizi, tarihsel ve düşünsel çalışmalar gibi yapılandırmacı araçlar aracılığıyla politika çıktılarının yorumlayıcı ve tanımlayıcı bir analizini içermektedir. . Makalede, insani yardımlara dair ilgili veriler çeşitli tablo ve grafikler üzerinden analiz edilmektedir. Dış politika, bir devletin tanımlanmış ulusal çıkarlarını takip etmek, elde etmek, korumak ve geliştirmekle ilgilidir. Makale, bu bağlamda vicdan ve güç arasındaki dengeye dayanan Türk insani diplomasisinin, bu tür çıkarların sürdürülmesinde insani yaklaşımların rolünü ve önemini test etmek için iyi bir örnek olarak görülebileceğini savunmaktadır. Dış politika seçeneklerini çeşitlendirerek yumuşak güç unsurlarını daha etkin kullanmaya başlayan Türkiye, insani yardım coğrafyasını genişletmiş ve böylece söylemlerdeki realist-idealist dikotomisini aşan bir insani diplomasi perspektifi geliştirmiştir. Bu kapsamda, yukarıda belirtilen faktörlere vurgu yapan sosyal inşacılık, Türkiye'nin insani diplomasisinin daha kapsamlı ve bütüncül analizi için realist yaklaşımlara tamamlayıcı bir araç görevi görmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türk insani diplomasisi,
• dış politika,
• sosyal inşacılık,
• söylem analizi

The Evolution Of Turkish Humanitarian Diplomacy in The Centenary of the Republic: Constructivist Perspective

Öz

Turkish foreign policy is well known with its special emphasis on humanitarian diplomacy as increasingly witnessed in recent years not only in formal discourses, but also in practice. Türkiye stands today among the leading humanitarian states in the world. The article aims, on the occasion of the centenary of the Turkish Republic, to provide an analysis of the evolution of this humanitarian diplomacy with emphasis on a social constructivist perspective. The constructivist approach, in its conventional form, does not provide an alternative, but a complementary explanation to world affairs where political realism is dominant, without rejecting the latter. This approach helps to better explain how states' foreign policies are constructed, and how states can perceive the external material world, where states are required to act rationally Methodologically, the article follows an interpretive and descriptive analysis of the policy outputs through constructivist tools, such as discourse analysis, historical and ideational studies. In the article several relevant data is analysed as shown in the tables and charts therein. Foreign policy is all about pursuing, attaining, preserving and improving the defined national interests of a state. The article argues in this context that Turkish humanitarian diplomacy based on the balance between conscience and power can be seen as a good example to test the role and importance of humanitarian approaches in pursuing such interests. Having started to deploy soft power elements more effectively by diversifying its foreign policy options, Türkiye has expanded the geography of its humanitarian assistance and developed a humanitarian diplomacy perspective that transcends the realist-idealist dichotomy in discourses. with its emphasis on the above-mentioned factors, social constructivism acts as a complementary tool to the realist ones for a better analysis of Türkiye’s humanitarian diplomacy to make it more comprehensive and holistic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turkish humanitarian diplomacy,
• foreign policy,
• social constructivisim,
• discourse analysis

Kaynakça

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