VİDEO OYUNLARININ İÇERİK DÜZENLEMELERİNDE KAMU YÖNETİMİNİN ROLÜ VE OYUN YÖNETİŞİMİ: ROBLOX ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ağustos 2024’te çocuklara zararlı içerikler barındırdığı gerekçesiyle Türkiye’de erişimi durdurulan Roblox oyununu; kamu yönetimi, dijital oyun ekosistemi ve küresel uygulamalar bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Dijital oyunlarda şiddet, bağımlılık ve uygunsuz içerikler özellikle küçük yaştaki kullanıcılar için risk oluşturmakta; gençlerin yoğun oyun kullanımı bu sorunların yönetimini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Oyun yönetişimi, üretimden tüketime kadar tüm süreçlerde aktörlerin katılımıyla gerekli önlemlerin alınmasını ifade etmektedir. Küresel düzeyde bu yönetişim, genellikle derecelendirme sistemleri ve ulusal kurumlar aracılığıyla yürütülmektedir. Türkiye’de ise mevcut denetim mekanizmaları daha karmaşık ve bürokratik nitelikte olup, Roblox örneği bu eksiklikleri görünür kılmıştır. Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı, Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, BTK ve RTÜK gibi kurumların yürüttüğü çoklu denetim süreci, modern ve bütüncül bir yönetişim yaklaşımının eksikliğine işaret etmektedir. Bu nedenle, uluslararası derecelendirme modellerinden yararlanarak Türkiye için kapsamlı ve uyumlu bir oyun yönetim sistemi geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Roblox
• Oyun Yönetişimi
• Dijital Oyunlar
• Bilgisayar Oyunları Yönetimi

CONTENT REGULATION OF VIDEO GAMES AND THE ROLE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN GAME GOVERNANCE: THE CASE OF ROBLOX

Öz

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the computer game Roblox, which was blocked in Turkey in August 2024 due to harmful content for children, within the context of public administration, the digital gaming ecosystem, and global practices. Digital games often involve violence, addiction, and inappropriate content, which pose significant risks, particularly for younger users; the intensive engagement of young people with games makes it necessary to manage these problems effectively. Game governance refers to the adoption of necessary measures through the participation of all actors across the processes of production, distribution, and consumption. Globally, such governance is usually implemented through rating systems and national regulatory institutions. In Turkey, however, the existing regulatory mechanisms are more complex and bureaucratic, with the Roblox case highlighting these shortcomings. The multi-layered monitoring process carried out by institutions such as the Office of the Chief Public Prosecutor, the Ministry of Family and Social Services, BTK, and RTÜK indicates the absence of a modern and comprehensive governance approach. Therefore, it is essential to develop an integrated game management system for Turkey by drawing on international rating models.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Roblox
• Game Governance
• Digital Games
• Computer Games Management

Kaynakça

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