ABD’DEKİ YAHUDİ DİASPORASININ İRAN–İSRAİL SAVAŞINA YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Bu çalışma, Haziran 2025’te patlak veren İran–İsrail savaşına Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde yaşayan Yahudi diasporasının yaklaşımını incelemektedir. Diaspora topluluklarının uluslararası krizlerde oynadığı roller, hem kimlik koruma pratikleri hem de politika yapım süreçlerine etkileri bakımından uluslararası ilişkiler literatüründe önemli bir tartışma alanı oluşturmaktadır. Yahudi diasporası ise tarihsel kökeni, kurumsal gücü ve siyasi etkinliği nedeniyle bu bağlamda etkili bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Araştırmada nitel yöntem benimsenmiş; başat diaspora örgütlerinin resmi açıklamaları, basın bültenleri, uluslararası medya haberleri ve düşünce kuruluşlarının değerlendirmeleri doküman analizi yoluyla incelenmiştir. Bunun yanında, elde edilen bulguların kavramsal düzlemde yorumlanabilmesi amacıyla diaspora teorisinin klasik ve modern yaklaşımlarından yararlanılmıştır. Böylelikle çalışmada, hem söylemsel hem de kuramsal boyutta çok katmanlı bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, ABD Yahudi diasporasının genel olarak İsrail’in meşru müdafaa hakkını destekleyen, İran’ın nükleer kapasitesini bölgesel ve küresel güvenlik tehdidi olarak tanımlayan söylemler ürettiğini göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede diaspora örgütleri, hem Amerikan kamuoyunu bilgilendirmeye hem de Washington yönetimi üzerinde siyasi baskı oluşturmaya yönelik aktif faaliyetlerde bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte diaspora içinde görüş birliği oluşmadığı görülmüştür. Savaş yanlısı diasporaların yanı sıra müzakereyi savunanlar da bu süreçte öne çıkmıştır. Bu durum, diaspora topluluklarının homojen değil, çoğulcu ve zaman zaman iç tartışmalara açık yapılar olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Yahudi diasporasının İsrail’i ilgilendiren konularda ABD dış politikası üzerinde etkili bir aktör olduğunu, diaspora siyasetinin uluslararası krizlerde önemli bir analitik kategori sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yahudi Diasporası
• İran-İsrail Savaşı
• ABD

THE APPROACH OF THE JEWISH DIASPORA IN THE UNITED STATES TO THE IRAN–ISRAEL WAR

Öz

This study examines the approach of the Jewish diaspora in the United States to the Iran–Israel war that broke out in June 2025. The roles played by diaspora communities in international crises constitute an important area of debate in the international relations literature, both in terms of identity preservation practices and their impact on policy-making processes. The Jewish diaspora, with its historical roots, institutional strength, and political influence, serves as a prominent example in this regard. In particular, the Jewish community in the United States—distinguished by its demographic size, institutional diversity, and lobbying capacity—has been significant in shaping public opinion through its reactions during the course of the war. The research adopts a qualitative methodology; official statements of leading diaspora organizations, press releases, international media reports, and assessments of think tanks have been analyzed through document analysis. In addition, in order to interpret the findings at a conceptual level, both classical and modern approaches of diaspora theory have been utilized. In this way, the study conducts a multi-layered analysis on both discursive and theoretical levels. The findings demonstrate that the U.S. Jewish diaspora has generally produced discourses supporting Israel’s right to self-defense and framing Iran’s nuclear capacity as a regional and global security threat. Within this framework, diaspora organizations actively engaged in efforts to inform American public opinion and exert political pressure on the Washington administration. However, it was also observed that no full consensus emerged within the diaspora. Alongside pro-war groups, those advocating negotiation also came to the fore during this process. This indicates that diaspora communities should be understood not as homogeneous entities but as pluralistic structures, open at times to internal debates. In conclusion, the study reveals that the Jewish diaspora is an influential actor on U.S. foreign policy concerning Israel, and that diaspora politics provides an important analytical category in the examination of international crises.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Jewish Diaspora
• Iran-Israel War
• United States

Kaynakça

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