Örgütlerde Narsistik Kişilik, Öz Benlik Kurgusu ve Stratejik Düşünme Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Günümüzde örgütler yoğun bir rekabet ortamında faaliyet göstermektedirler. Rekabet yaratıcılığı, sorunlara yeni çözümler getirmeyi, uzun dönemli ve geniş bir bakış açısına sahip olmayı gerektirmektedir. Bu özellikler yalnızca yöneticiler için değil tüm çalışanlar için örgütün başarısının anahtarı olarak görülmektedir. O nedenle stratejik düşünme tek bir zihinde meydana gelmez, aynı zamanda bireylerarası etkileşimin de bir ürünüdür. Öte yandan, bireylerarası etkileşim her bir bireyin kişiliğinin ve özbenlik kurgusunun da etkisiyle şekillenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı narsistik kişilik özelliğinin özbenlik kurgusu ve stratejik düşünme becerisi ile ilişkisi araştırmaktır. Literatürde narsistik kişiliğin negatif yönlerine odaklanan araştırmalar olmakla birlikte, örgütün başarısına katkı sağlayabilecek becerilerle ilişkisini açığa çıkaran araştırmalar yok denecek kadar azdır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Afyonkarahisar’daki termal turizm işletmelerinin çalışanları oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı narsistik kişilik envanteri, özbenlik kurgusu ölçeği ve stratejik düşünme becerisi ölçeğinden oluşan anket formudur. Bulgulara göre değişkenler arasında beklenen yönde ilişkiler olduğunu, ancak ilişkilerin anlamlı olmadığını göstermiştir. Araştırma örneklemi genişletildiğinde bulguların literatüre katkı sağlayacağı varsayılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Narsisizm,narsistik kişilik,özbenlik kurgusu,stratejik düşünme

Kaynakça

1. Ames, D. R., Rose, P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism. Journal of research in personality, 40(4), 440-450.
2. Atay, S., (2009). Narsistik kişilik envanteri’nin Türkçe’ye standardizasyonu. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 1-16.
3. Atay, S. (2010). Çalışan Narsist, 1. Baskı. Namar Yayınları: İstanbul.
4. Bonn, I. (2005). Improving Strategic Thinking: A Multilevel Approach. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 26:5. 336-354.
5. Brown, A. D. (1997). Narcissism, identity, and legitimacy. Academy of management Review, 22(3), 643-686.
6. Carpenter, M. A., Geletkanycz, M. A., & Sanders, W. G. (2004). Upper echelons research revisited: Antecedents, elements, and consequences of top management team composition. Journal of management, 30(6), 749-778.
7. Champbel, K.W., Reeder, G.D., Sedikides, G.D. & Elliot, A.J.(2000) Narcissism and Comparative Self-Enhancement Strategies. Journal of Research in Personality. 34, 329-347
8. Chatterjee, A., & Hambrick, D. C. (2007). It's all about me: Narcissistic chief executive officers and their effects on company strategy and performance. Administrative science quarterly, 52(3), 351-386.

9. Cross, S. E., Bacon, P. L., & Morris, M. L. (2000). The relational-interdependent self-construal and relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology, 78(4), 791.
10. Doğan, İ. (2015). Farklı veri yapısı ve örneklem büyüklüklerinde yapısal eşitlik modellerinin geçerliği ve güvenirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. ESOGÜ, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi.
11. Doğan, İ., & Özdamar, K. (2017). The effect of different data structures, sample sizes on model fit measures. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 46(9), 7525-7533.
12. Eisenhardt, K. M., & Schoonhoven, C. B. (1990). Organizational growth: Linking founding team, strategy, environment, and growth among US semiconductor ventures, 1978-1988. Administrative science quarterly, 504-529.
13. Erkorkmaz, Ü., Etikan, İ., Demir, O., Özdamar, K., & Sanisoğlu, S. Y. (2013). Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve uyum indeksleri. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 210-223.Ertekin, Y., & Yurtsever, G. (2001). Yönetimde Narsizm Üzerine Bir Deneme. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 34(3), 37-45.
14. Finkelstein, S., & Boyd, B. K. (1998). How much does the CEO matter? The role of managerial discretion in the setting of CEO compensation. Academy of Management journal, 41(2), 179-199.Gallen, T. (1997). The Cognitive Style and Strategic Decisions of Managers, Management Decision, 35 (7), 541-551.
15. Gardner, W. L., Gabriel, S., & Lee, A. Y. (1999). “I” value freedom, but “we” value relationships: Self-construal priming mirrors cultural differences in judgment. Psychological Science, 10(4), 321-326.
16. Güriş, S., ve Astar, M.,(2014), Bilimsel Araştırmalarda SPSS ile İstatistik, Der Yayınları, Ankara. Holdren, M.(2004). Causal Attributions Among Overt and Covert Narcissism Subtypes for Hiypothetical, Retrospective and Prospective Events. Ohio University the College of Arts and Sciences, A Dissertation.
17. Horney, K.(1999). Çağımızın Nevrotik Kişiliği, (Çev.S.Budak). Ankara: Öteki Yayınevi.
18. Hough, J. R., & Ogilvie, D. T. (2005). An empirical test of cognitive style and strategic decision outcomes. Journal of Management Studies, 42(2), 417-448.
19. Iaquinto, A. L., & Fredrickson, J. W. (1997). Top management team agreement about the strategic decision process: A test of some of its determinants and consequences. Strategic Management Journal, 63-75.
20. Jelenc, L., & Pisapia, J. (2015). Individual Entrepreneurial Behavior in Croatian IT Firms: The Contribution of Strategic Thinking Skills. Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, 39(2), 163-182.
21. Jelenc, L., Pisapia, J., & Ivanušić, N. (2015). Demographic variables influencing individual entrepreneurial orientation and strategic thinking capability.
22. Kernberg, O. (1967). Borderline personality organization. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 15(3), 641-685.
23. Kernberg, Otto F. Borderline Conditions and Pathological Narcissism. Rowman & Littlefield, 1985Kets De Vries, M. (2004). Organizations on the Couch: A Clinical Perspective on Organizational Dynamics. European Management Journal, 22(2), 183-200.
24. Kets de Vries, M. F., Florent-Treacy, E., & Korotov, K. (2015). Psychodynamic issues in organizational leadership.
25. Kohut, H. (2013). The analysis of the self: A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. University of Chicago Press.
26. Konrath, S., Bushman, B. J., & Grove, T. (2009). Seeing my world in a million little pieces: Narcissism, self‐construal, and cognitive–perceptual Style. Journal of Personality, 77(4), 1197-1228.
27. Kozhevnikov, M. (2007). Cognitive styles in the context of modern psychology: Toward an integrated framework of cognitive style. Psychological bulletin, 133(3), 464.
28. Liedtka, J. M. (1998). Strategic thinking: can it be taught?. Long range planning, 31(1), 120-129.
29. Lubit, R. (2002).The Long-Term Organizational Impact of Destructively Narcissistic Managers. Academy of Management Executive.16(1): 127-138.
30. Maccoby, M. (2000), Narcissistic Leaders: The Incredible Pros, the Inevitable Cons, HBR, 78(1), 68-77
31. Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological review, 98(2), 224.
32. Moon, B.J (2013). Antecedents and outcomes of strategic thinking. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1698-1708.
33. Naktiyok, A., & Çiçek, M. (2014), Stratejik Düşünmenin Bir Öncülü Olarak Eleştirel Düşünme: Yöneticiler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 28(2).
34. Nisbett, R.E., Miyamato, Y. (2005). The Influence of Culture: Holistic versus Analytic Perception. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9(10), 467-473.
35. Ohmae, K.(1988). The Mind of the Strategist. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
36. Pang, N. S. K., & Pisapia, J. (2012). The strategic thinking skills of Hong Kong school leaders: Usage and effectiveness. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 40(3), 343-361.
37. Pisapia, J. (2010). The principles of strategic leadership. The Chinese Executive Leadership Academy, Pudong (CELAP), Shanghai
38. Pisapia, J., Ellington, L., Toussaint, G., & Morris, J. D. (2011). Strategic Thinking Skills: Validation and Confirmation of Constructs. The information is available [on line] at:< http://www. academia. edu/755209/Strategic_Thinking_Skills_Validation_and_Confirmat ion_of_Constructs> accessed [25/2/2015].
39. Pisapia, J., Pang, N. S. K., Hee, T. F., Lin, Y., & Morris, J. D. (2009). A comparison of the use of strategic thinking skills of aspiring school leaders in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Shanghai, and the United States: An exploratory study. International Education Studies, 2(2), 46.
40. Pisapia, J., Pang, N. S. K., Hee, T. F., Lin, Y., & Morris, J. D. (2009). A comparison of the use of strategic thinking skills of aspiring school leaders in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Shanghai, and the United States: An exploratory study. International Education Studies, 2(2), 46.
41. Pisapia, J., Reyes-Guerra, D., & Coukos-Semmel, E. (2005). Developing the leader’s strategic mindset: Establishing the measures. Leadership Review, 5(1), 41-68.
42. Raskin, R. N., & Hall, C. S. (1979). A narcissistic personality inventory. Psychological reports.Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(5), 890
43. Reger, R. K. (1997). Strategic leadership: top executives and their effects on organizations. Academy of Management Review, 22(3), 802-805.
44. Rhodewalt, F., Madrian, J. C., & Cheney, S. (1998). Narcissism, self-knowledge organization, and emotional reactivity: The effect of daily experiences on self-esteem and affect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(1), 75-87.
45. Riding, Richard, and Indra Cheema. "Cognitive styles—an overview and integration." Educational psychology 11.3-4 (1991): 193-215.
46. Riding, R. J., & Sadler‐Smith, E. (1997). Cognitive style and learning strategies: Some implications for training design. International Journal of Training and Development, 1(3), 199-208.
47. Rosenthal, S.& Pittinsky T.(2006). Narcissistic Leadership”, The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 617-633. Sanders, W. G. (2001). Behavioral responses of CEOs to stock ownership and stock option pay. Academy of Management journal, 44(3), 477-492.
48. Schwartz, H. S. (1987). Anti-social actions of committed organizational participants: An existential psychoanalytic perspective. Organization Studies, 8(4), 327-340.
49. Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 20(5), 580-591.
50. Wiersema, M. F., & Bantel, K. A. (1992). Top management team demography and corporate strategic change. Academy of Management journal, 35(1), 91-121.
51. Zajac, E. J., & Westphal, J. D. (1996). Who shall succeed? How CEO/board preferences and power affect the choice of new CEOs. Academy of Management Journal, 39(1), 64-90.