Askeri Organizasyonlarda Farklılıkların Yönetimi: ABD Hava Kuvvetleri Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Öz

Günümüzde toplumların demografik yapısının değişmesi, küreselleşmenin artması ve teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte bireysel ve grup farklılıkları daha belirgin ve görünür hale gelmiş, toplumları ve örgütleri derinden etkilemiştir. Özel kesimde işletme mantığı gereği bu farklılıkların etkin bir şekilde yönetebilmesi durumunda yaratıcılık ve yenilikçilik gelişmekte, müşteri pazarı artırarak rekabet üstünlüğü elde edilmektedir. Kamu yönetiminde ise farklılıkların yönetimi kavramı daha geniş bir kapsamda “eşit istihdam fırsatı” “adil uygulamalar” ve “temsili bürokrasi” kavramlarıyla birlikte tartışılmaktadır. ABD kamu yönetiminde sivil kurumların yanı sıra askeri kurumlarda da farklılıkların yönetimi anlayışı uygulanmaktadır. ABD Silahlı Kuvvetleri ve özelde ABD Hava Kuvvetleri; hazır bulunuşluğu sağlaması, görevin etkinliğini artırması ve takım odaklı çalışmaları desteklemesi nedeniyle farklılıkların yönetimi anlayışını ulusal güvenlik için “askeri bir zorunluluk” olarak kabul etmektedir. ABD Hava Kuvvetlerinde uygulanan farklılıkların yönetimi anlayışı kurumun çekici kılınması çalışmalarıyla birlikte başlayan, personelin temin edilmesi, bireysel/mesleki gelişimlerinin sağlanması ve elde tutulması ile devam eden uzun süreçli ve çok yönlü bir insan kaynakları yönetimi tekniğidir. Bu çalışmada normatif düzeyde bir içerik analizi yapılarak ABD Hava Kuvvetlerinin benimsemiş olduğu farklılıkların yönetimi anlayışında nelerin olması gerektiğinin belirlenmesine çalışılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Farklılıkların Yönetimi, Askeri Organizasyonlar

Management of Diversity in Military Organizations: A Case Study of USAF

Öz

Nowadays, it is deeply affected organizations by the change of the demographic structure of society, increase of individual (sex, age) and group differences (ethnic, race etc.) that has become more pronounced and visible, with the development of globalization and technology. When differences are managed effectively due to the business case it makes enhance creativity and innovation of organization, provide a competitive advantage. The management of diversity in public organizations is discussed with the concepts of “equal employment opportunity,” “fair practices” and “representative bureaucracy”. Diversitymanagement is a public policy in the United States, consisting of multidimensional and comprehensive human resource management practices. The concept of diversity is implemented in military institutions as well as civil institutions of US public administration. Diversity is seen as “military necessity” for national security because it makes increase the effectiveness of the mission readiness by providing and supporting team-oriented management approach in US Armed Forces and in particular the US Air Force (USAF). The approach of diversity management applied in USAF is one of the human resource management techniques, begins with attractive rendering the work, to provide staff, individual / provision of professional development and continue with the retention of which is a long process and a versatile personnel management approach. In this paper, it has been tried to determine what should be the approach of diversity management which has been adopted by the US Air Force by performing a content analysis as normative

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diversity Management, Military Organizations, US Air Force, HRM Techniques

Kaynakça

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