Can functional foods be used as drugs in the treatment of diseases?

Öz

Nutrition is among the lifestyle factors that play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Functional foods can reduce the risk of many chronic diseases by changing some physiological processes through accurate bioactive components in their content. Regular consumption of these foods activates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, improves insulin sensitivity, and can have a cholesterol-lowering effect. Mediterranean diet, which includes foods such as fruits, vegetables, oily fish, olive oil, and tree nuts, constitutes an evidence-based dietary model for adequate consumption of functional foods based on their natural nutraceutical content, including polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, pigments, and unsaturated fatty acids. The most reliable method in the prevention and treatment of diseases is nutrition education, which includes physiological and behavioral properties. Functional foods should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment in this approach but should only be a complementary alternative. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the effect of functional food on the prevention and management of chronic disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• functional food
• drug
• chronic disease
• nutraceuticals
• fonksiyonel besin
• ilaç
• kronik hastalıklar
• nutrasötikler

Fonksiyonel besinler hastalıkların tedavisinde ilaç olarak kullanılabilir mi?

Öz

Beslenme, hastalıkların önlenmesinde ve tedavisinde önemli bir rol oynayan yaşam tarzı faktörleri arasında yer almaktadır. Fonksiyonel besinler, içeriğinde yer alan belirli biyoaktif bileşenler aracılığıyla bazı fizyolojik süreçleri değiştirerek birçok kronik hastalık riskini azaltabilmektedir. Bu besinlerin düzenli olarak alımı antioksidan, anti-inflamatuvar yolakları aktifleştirmekte, insülin duyarlılığını geliştirmekte ve kolesterol düşürücü etki gösterebilmektedir. Meyveler, sebzeler, yağlı balıklar, zeytinyağı ve sert kabuklu meyveler gibi besinleri içeren Akdeniz diyeti, polifenoller, terpenoidler, flavonoidler, alkaloidler, steroller, pigmentler ve doymamış yağ asitleri dahil olmak üzere doğal nutrasötik içeriğine dayanan fonksiyonel besinlerin yeterli tüketimi için kanıta dayalı beslenme modelini oluşturmaktadır. Hastalıkları önlemesi ve yönetmesinde en güvenilir yöntem, fizyolojik ve davranışsal bileşenleri içeren bireyselleştirilmiş beslenme eğitimini gerektirmektedir. Fonksiyonel besinler ise bu yaklaşımda medikal tedavinin yerine kullanılmamalı, sadece tamamlayıcı bir alternatif olmalıdır. Bu derleme yazıda, kronik hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi sürecinde fonksiyonel besinlerin etkinliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fonksiyonel besin
• ilaç
• kronik hastalıklar
• nutrasötikler

Kaynakça

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