Gruplararası Çatışmalarda Duygu Düzenleme: Bir Derleme Makalesi

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, gruplararası çatışmalarda çeşitli duygu düzenleme stratejilerinin rolünü inceleyen çalışmaların bir derlemesini sunmaktadır. Duygu düzenleme, olaylara verilen duygusal tepkilerin izlendiği, değerlendirildiği ve değiştirildiği bir süreçtir. Gruplararası çatışmalarda duyguların etkilerinin geniş çapta kabulüne rağmen, son on yıla kadar gruplararası bağlamlarda duyguların düzenlenmesine yönelik öncü araştırmalar oldukça nadirdir. Bu alandaki araştırmalar, dış gruba karşı olumlu veya olumsuz duygu düzeyindeki yoğunluğun duygu düzenleme yoluyla artırılabileceğini veya azaltılabileceğini ve bu durumun barış ve müzakerelerin inşasında potansiyel bir etkiye sahip olabileceğini önermektedir. Çalışmalarda en çok kullanılan strateji bilişsel yeniden değerlendirmedir. Dış gruba karşı negatif duyguları azaltmak için gelecekteki çalışmalar, diğer duygu düzenleme stratejilerine ve bu stratejilerin davranışsal sonuçlarına odaklanmalıdır. Bu makalede gözden geçirilen çalışmaların çoğu Filistin-İsrail çatışmasına odaklanmaktadır. Gelecek çalışmaların araştırma girişimlerini farklı kültürler ve politikalar bağlamında çeşitli topluluklara yayması çok değerli olacaktır. Ayrıca, iş yaşamı çatışmaları, mültecilere karşı önyargılar, homofobik tepkiler, dinlere karşı önyargılar, spor taraftarları arasındaki düşmanlık gibi gündelik hayatın bir parçası haline gelen çatışmalar, gruplararası bağlamlarda duygu düzenlemenin daha geniş dinamiklerini keşfetmek için faydalı konular olacaktır. Gruplararası çatışmalarda duyguların öneminin farkına varılmasıyla birlikte araştırmacıların çatışmalarda barış ve müzakere süreçlerine katkı sağlayabilecek duygu düzenleme stratejilere odaklanmaları önemli gözükmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Duygu Düzenleme
• Bilişsel Yeniden Değerlendirme
• Gruplararası Çatışma
• Duygular

Emotion Regulation in Intergroup Conflicts: A Review Article

Öz

This article aims to present a review of studies examining the role of various emotion regulation strategies in intergroup conflicts. Emotion regulation is the process in which emotional reactions to events are monitored, evaluated, and modified. Despite the broad acceptance of the impacts of emotions in intergroup conflicts, leading empirical research in regulation of emotions in intergroup contexts were quite rare until the last ten years. Research in this area suggests that the intensity in the level of positive or negative emotions can be increased or decreased through emotion regulation, and this can have a potential effect in building peace and negotiations. Majority of the studies that are reviewed in this paper focus on a unique type of conflict - Palestine-Israel conflict. It would be very much valuable to extend the research attempts to various communities in the context of different cultures and politics. In addition, everyday life conflicts such as conflicts at work, prejudice against refugees, homophobic reactions, prejudice against religions, hostility between sports fans would be useful topics to discover the wider dynamics of emotion regulation in intergroup contexts. Cognitive reappraisal appears to be the strategy that was used the most in the studies. Future interventions to reduce negative emotions toward outgroups should go beyond it by investigating other strategies and their role on behavioural outcomes. By recognizing the crucial role emotions play in intergroup conflicts, it seems important for researchers to focus on various emotion regulation strategies that can contribute to peace and negotiation processes in conflicts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cognitive Reappraisal
• Emotion Regulation
• Intergroup Conflict
• Emotions

Kaynakça

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