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ALCOHOL USE AND ALCOHOL USE DISORDER TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 67 - 74, 30.06.2024

Öz

Introduction: Alcohol use is an important public health problem that causes many diseases, disabilities and deaths, especially alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use causes social, physical and mental health problems for individuals, families and society, and 283 million people worldwide have a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. Epidemiological research on alcohol use is important and necessary to determine the extent of the health problem, to identify priority public health areas and to develop control programs. Therefore, it is important to know the conceptual differences between the terms and definitions of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder. In the literature, terms describing alcohol use conditions vary according to the amount of alcohol use, the rate of alcohol consumption, and the duration of alcohol use. Diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders also vary according to international diagnostic systems. The aim of this review is to define and explain the terms and definitions of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders in the literature in accordance with epidemiologic studies. Conclusion: As understood from the diagnostic guidelines/criteria, defining some terms requires a physician examination. Some diagnoses are only important for determining the treatment modality to be chosen. The physician's opinion and approach is important even if the diagnosis is not made on the basis of the relevant criteria in research on risky alcohol users or in evaluations based on clinical applications. It should be noted that field investigations and lifetime experience studies do not aim to make a diagnosis. In addition, language that excludes and stigmatizes alcohol users also creates barriers to access to treatment.

Kaynakça

  • Alcohol use. (n.d.). WHO. Retrieved 29 August 2022, from https://www.who.int/europe/health-topics/alcohol#tab=tab_1
  • American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2020). ASAM American Society of Addiction Medicine. Asam Alcohol. https://www.asam.org/
  • Curry, S. J., Krist, A. H., Owens, D. K., Barry, M. J., Caughey, A. B., Davidson, K. W., Doubeni, C. A., Epling, J. W., Kemper, A. R., Kubik, M., Landefeld, C. S., Mangione, C. M., Silverstein, M., Simon, M. A., Tseng, C. W., & Wong, J. B. (2018). Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Reduce Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 320(18), 1899–1909. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.16789
  • Gulec, G., Kosger, F., & Essizoglu, A. (2015). Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in DSM-5. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 7(4), 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20150325081809
  • ICD-11. (n.d.). Retrieved 26 October 2022, from https://icd.who.int/en
  • Klingemann, H. (2001). Alcohol and its social consequences - the forgotten dimension. 1–16.
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2020). Definitions. https://doi.org/10.32388/yfae2y
  • Park, S. H., & Kim, D. J. (2020). Global and regional impacts of alcohol use on public health: Emphasis on alcohol policies. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, 26(4), 652–661. https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0160
  • Parker, R. M. (2013). The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-V). In Medical Journal of Australia (Vol. 198, Issue 9, p. 482). https://doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10172
  • Rehm, J., Mathers, C., Popova, S., Thavorncharoensap, M., Teerawattananon, Y., & Patra, J. (2009). Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. The Lancet, 373(9682), 2223–2233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60746-7
  • Rich-Edwards JW, Ness RB, R. J. (2014). Rich-Edwards JW, Ness RB, Roberts JM. Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension. In: Chesley’s Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, Academic Press/Elsevier, 2014. p.37-57. In C. EVREN (Ed.), Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension. In: Chesley’s Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, Academic Press/Elsevier. Türkiye psikiyatri derneği yayınları.
  • Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., De La Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption‐II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x
  • Saunders, J. B., Degenhardt, L., Reed, G. M., & Poznyak, V. (2019). Alcohol Use Disorders in ICD-11: Past, Present, and Future. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 43(8), 1617–1631. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14128
  • Stockwell, T., Murphy, D., & Hodgson, R. (1983). The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire: Its Use, Reliability and Validity. British Journal of Addiction, 78(2), 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1360-0443.1983.TB05502.X
  • TÜIK. (2019). Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması. Tuik.
  • World Health Organization. (1992). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelins. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/substance-use/icd10clinicaldiagnosis.pdf?sfvrsn=96aa4de5_9&ua=1
  • World Health Organization. (2018). Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health.
  • World Health Organization. (2022). International Classification of Diseases-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. 2022, https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en.

ALKOL KULLANIMI VE ALKOL KULLANIM BOZUKLUĞU TERİMLERİ VE TANIMLARI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 67 - 74, 30.06.2024

Öz

Giriş: Alkol kullanımı başta alkol kullanım bozukluğu olmak üzere birçok hastalığa, engelliliğe ve ölüme neden olan önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Alkol kullanımı bireyler, aileler ve toplum üzerinde sosyal, fiziksel ve mental sağlık sorunlarına sebep olmaktadır ve dünyada 283 milyon kişi alkol kullanım bozukluğu tanısına sahiptir. Alkol kullanımına ilişkin epidemiyolojik araştırmalar sağlık sorunun boyutunu belirlemek, öncelikli halk sağlığı çalışma alanlarını belirlemek ve kontrol programları geliştirmek için önemli ve gereklidir. Bu nedenle alkol kullanımı ve alkol kullanım bozukluğu terimleri ve tanımları arasındaki kavramsal farklılıkları bilmek önemli olacaktır. Literatürde alkol kullanım miktarına, alkol tüketim hızına, alkol kullanım süresine göre alkol kullanım durumlarını tanımlayan terimler çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Alkol kullanım bozuklukları tanı kriterleri de uluslararası tanılama sistemlerine göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı literatürde yer alan alkol kullanımı ve alkol kullanım bozukluğuna ilişkin terim ve tanımları epidemiyolojik araştırmalara uygun şekilde tanımlamak ve açıklamaktır. Sonuç: Tanı kılavuzlarından/kriterlerinden anlaşıldığı üzere bazı terimleri tanımlamak hekim muayenesini gerektirmektedir. Bazı tanılar da yalnızca seçilecek tedavi yöntemini belirlemek için önemlidir. Riskli alkol kullananlarda yapılan araştırmalarda veya klinik başvurular üzerinden yapılan değerlendirmelerde ilgili kriterler üzerinden tanı konmasa bile hekim görüşü ve yaklaşımı önemlidir. Saha incelemelerinde ve yaşam boyu deneyim araştırmalarında ise tanı koyma amacı güdülmediği belirtilmelidir. Ek olarak alkol kullanıcısını dışlayan, damgalayan dil de tedaviye erişimin önünde engeller oluşturmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Alcohol use. (n.d.). WHO. Retrieved 29 August 2022, from https://www.who.int/europe/health-topics/alcohol#tab=tab_1
  • American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2020). ASAM American Society of Addiction Medicine. Asam Alcohol. https://www.asam.org/
  • Curry, S. J., Krist, A. H., Owens, D. K., Barry, M. J., Caughey, A. B., Davidson, K. W., Doubeni, C. A., Epling, J. W., Kemper, A. R., Kubik, M., Landefeld, C. S., Mangione, C. M., Silverstein, M., Simon, M. A., Tseng, C. W., & Wong, J. B. (2018). Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Reduce Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 320(18), 1899–1909. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.16789
  • Gulec, G., Kosger, F., & Essizoglu, A. (2015). Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in DSM-5. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 7(4), 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20150325081809
  • ICD-11. (n.d.). Retrieved 26 October 2022, from https://icd.who.int/en
  • Klingemann, H. (2001). Alcohol and its social consequences - the forgotten dimension. 1–16.
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2020). Definitions. https://doi.org/10.32388/yfae2y
  • Park, S. H., & Kim, D. J. (2020). Global and regional impacts of alcohol use on public health: Emphasis on alcohol policies. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, 26(4), 652–661. https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0160
  • Parker, R. M. (2013). The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-V). In Medical Journal of Australia (Vol. 198, Issue 9, p. 482). https://doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10172
  • Rehm, J., Mathers, C., Popova, S., Thavorncharoensap, M., Teerawattananon, Y., & Patra, J. (2009). Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. The Lancet, 373(9682), 2223–2233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60746-7
  • Rich-Edwards JW, Ness RB, R. J. (2014). Rich-Edwards JW, Ness RB, Roberts JM. Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension. In: Chesley’s Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, Academic Press/Elsevier, 2014. p.37-57. In C. EVREN (Ed.), Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension. In: Chesley’s Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, Academic Press/Elsevier. Türkiye psikiyatri derneği yayınları.
  • Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., De La Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption‐II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x
  • Saunders, J. B., Degenhardt, L., Reed, G. M., & Poznyak, V. (2019). Alcohol Use Disorders in ICD-11: Past, Present, and Future. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 43(8), 1617–1631. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14128
  • Stockwell, T., Murphy, D., & Hodgson, R. (1983). The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire: Its Use, Reliability and Validity. British Journal of Addiction, 78(2), 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1360-0443.1983.TB05502.X
  • TÜIK. (2019). Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması. Tuik.
  • World Health Organization. (1992). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelins. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/substance-use/icd10clinicaldiagnosis.pdf?sfvrsn=96aa4de5_9&ua=1
  • World Health Organization. (2018). Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health.
  • World Health Organization. (2022). International Classification of Diseases-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. 2022, https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikiyatri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Cansu Ağralı 0000-0003-2911-9665

Sevil Turhan 0000-0002-8534-2928

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ağralı, C., & Turhan, S. (2024). ALKOL KULLANIMI VE ALKOL KULLANIM BOZUKLUĞU TERİMLERİ VE TANIMLARI. Current Research and Reviews in Psychology and Psychiatry, 4(1), 67-74.