Exploring Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Preterm and Term Infants: Sociodemographic Influences, Guilt and Shame

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 131 - 144, 31.12.2024

Mustafa Taburoğlu , Barış Örs , Öykü İnanç , Sevilay Taburoğlu

Öz

Aims:
This study seeks to explore the association between postpartum depression (PPD), sociodemographic risk factors, and guilt-shame feelings among mothers of preterm and term infants, an area with limited research. The objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of these relationships and their implications.

Methods:
Mothers participating in the study were assessed using various instruments including the Sociodemographic Data Form, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and Guilt-Shame Scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using the software "MiniTAB17." Categorical data were compared using Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests, while parametric and non-parametric data underwent comparison using appropriate tests based on the distribution.

Results:
Based on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores, mothers were categorized into "PPD" and "non-PPD" groups. The prevalence of PPD was observed to be 40.0% among mothers of preterm infants, higher than the 26.1% prevalence among mothers of term infants. In the PPD group of mothers with preterm births, lower spousal support and breastfeeding rates were noted, along with higher instances of family history of psychiatric illnesses and perceived inadequacy in infant care. Conversely, among mothers of term infants, only spousal support and a family history of psychiatric illnesses were associated with PPD. While no significant differences in guilt and shame were observed among mothers of term infants between the PPD and non-PPD groups, significantly elevated shame scores were noted in the PPD group of mothers with preterm infants.

Conclusion:
Postpartum depression has detrimental effects on maternal and infant health, particularly among mothers of preterm infants. Early identification and intervention strategies are imperative to address these issues effectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

postpartum depression, preterm, guilt,shame

Prematüre ve Term Bebeklerin Annelerinde Doğum Sonrası Depresyonun Araştırılması: Sosyodemografik Etkiler, Suçluluk ve Utanç Duyguları

Öz

Amaç:
Bu çalışma, doğum sonrası depresyon (DSD), sosyodemografik risk faktörleri ve suçluluk-utanç duyguları arasındaki ilişkiyi, sınırlı araştırmaya sahip bir alan olan preterm ve term bebek anneleri arasında araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç, bu ilişkilerin ve sonuçlarının kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlamaktır.

Metodlar:
Çalışmaya katılan anneler, Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Beck Depresyon ve Anksiyete Envanterleri, Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği ve Suçluluk-Utanç Ölçeği gibi çeşitli araçlar kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz, "MiniTAB17" yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kategorik veriler Ki-Kare ve Fisher Kesin Olasılık testleri kullanılarak karşılaştırılırken, parametrik ve non-parametrik veriler dağılıma bağlı olarak uygun testler kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır.

Sonuçlar:
Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği puanlarına dayanarak, anneler "PPD" ve "PPD olmayan" gruplara kategorize edilmiştir. PPD prevalansı, preterm bebeklerin annelerinde %40, term bebeklerin annelerinde ise %26,1 olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Preterm doğum yapan annelerin PPD grubunda, daha düşük eş desteği ve emzirme oranları, ailede psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsü ve bebek bakımında yetersizlik algısı ile ilişkili daha yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Buna karşılık, term bebeklerin anneleri arasında sadece eş desteği ve ailede psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsü PPD ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Term bebeklerin annelerinde PPD ve PPD olmayan gruplar arasında suçluluk ve utançta anlamlı farklılıklar görülmemişken, preterm bebeklerin annelerinin PPD grubunda anlamlı şekilde yüksek utanç puanları gözlemlenmiştir.

Sonuç:
Doğum sonrası depresyon, özellikle preterm bebeklerin anneleri arasında annenin ve bebeğin sağlığı üzerinde zararlı etkilere sahiptir. Bu sorunları etkili bir şekilde ele almak için erken tanı ve müdahale stratejileri önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

postpartum depresyon, preterm, suçluluk, utanç

Kaynakça

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