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Türkiye’nin Akıllı Şehir Stratejisi: Ulusal Yaklaşım, Küresel Perspektif ve Gelecek Vizyonu

Yıl 2025, Sayı: Akıllı Şehirler, 16 - 37, 01.12.2025

Öz

Günümüz şehirleri; göç, hızlı kentleşme, iklim değişikliği, doğal kaynakların aşırı tüketimi
ve sürdürülebilirlik gibi küresel ölçekte çok boyutlu zorluklarla karşı karşıyadır.
Akıllı şehir yaklaşımı, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini (IoT, büyük veri, yapay zekâ vb.)
kentsel altyapıyla bütünleştirerek bu zorluklara çözüm üretmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye,
2020–2023 Ulusal Akıllı Şehirler Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı ile ilk ulusal çerçevesini
oluşturmuş; bu birikim üzerine inşa ettiği 2025–2030 dönemini kapsayan 2030 Ulusal
Akıllı Şehirler Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı ile insan odaklılık, dijital ikiz teknolojileri ve
katılımcı yönetişim unsurlarını güçlendirmiştir.
Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin 2030 Ulusal Akıllı Şehirler Stratejisi’ni tarihsel gelişimi ve küresel
bağlamı içinde ele alan kavramsal ve karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme yaklaşımı benimsemektedir.
Çalışmada, ülkelerin akıllı şehir stratejileri kronolojik gelişimleri, kapsam
düzeyleri (ulusal veya yerel) ve ana odak alanları üzerinden incelenmiş; Avrupa Birliği,
Çin, Singapur, Güney Kore ve diğer ülkelerin örnekleriyle Türkiye’nin stratejik konumu
değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, Türkiye’nin vizyonunun yalnızca teknolojik dönüşümle
sınırlı kalmadığını; sürdürülebilirlik, yönetişim, çevre ve yaşam kalitesini bütüncül biçimde
kapsadığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca çalışma, 2030 stratejisinin Türkiye’ye özgü bir
gelecek vizyonu geliştirdiğini; insan merkezli, veri temelli ve sürdürülebilir bir şehircilik
anlayışını uzun vadeli yönetişim çerçevesiyle bütünleştirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Amsterdam Smart City (ASC). (tarih yok). Amsterdam Smart City initiative. Amsterdam Economic Board. https://amsterdamsmartcity.com
  • Aragão, F. V., Chiroli, D. M. de G., Zola, F. C., Aragão, E. V., Marinho, L. H. N., Correa, A. L. C., ve Colmenero, J. C. (2023). “Smart cities maturity model—A multicriteria approach.” Sustainability, 15(8), 6695. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086695
  • Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı (ÇŞB). (2019). 2020–2023 Ulusal akıllı şehirler stratejisi ve eylem planı. T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. https://akillisehirler.gov.tr/wp-content/ uploads/EylemPlani.pdf
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2021). Akıllı şehir olgunluk değerlendirme modeli raporu. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı. https://www.akillisehirler.gov.tr
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2025 – yayımda). 2030 Ulusal akıllı şehirler stratejisi ve eylem planı (2025–2030). T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı.
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2025). Akıllı Şehirler Olgunluk Değerlendirme Sistemi. T. C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı.
  • Department of Cooperative Governance (CoGTA) [Republic of South Africa]. (2021). South African Smart Cities Framework. Pretoria, Republic of South Africa: Department of Cooperative Governance. https://www.cogta.gov.za/cgta_2016/wp-content/ uploads/2023/01/Annexure-A-DCoG_Smart-Cities-Framework.pdf
  • Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD) [Republic of the Philippines]. (2021). DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities (8 Nisan 2021 tarihli 1. taslak). Manila, Republic of the Philippines: DOSTPCIEERD. https://candoncity.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/DOST-Smarter- City-Framework_Draft-1-ao-8.4.2021-1.pdf
  • Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC) [Commonwealth of Australia]. (2016). Smart cities plan. Canberra, Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. https://ssroc.nsw.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ Smart_Cities_Plan.pdf
  • Dijon Métropole. (2019). OnDijon smart city project. Dijon Métropole. https://www. ondijon.fr
  • European Commission (EC). (2020). Shaping Europe’s digital future & European data strategy. European Commission. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en
  • Farabi. (1990). Erdemli Şehir (El-Medinetü’l Fâzıla). (Çev. N. Çağatay). MEB Yayınları: Ankara (Orijinal eser 10. yy.).
  • Fraunhofer IAO [Germany]. (2021). Colonia Smart Eco-City Initiative, Uruguay. Stuttgart, Germany: Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO. https:// www.iao.fraunhofer.de/en/press-and-media/latest-news/fraunhofer-iao-supportsnational- smart-eco-city-development-colonia-in-uruguay.html
  • Federal Register [United States of America]. (2017). Smart cities and communities: Federal strategic plan – exploring innovation together. Washington, DC, United States of America: Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2017-01-12/pdf/2017-00501.pdf
  • Ghazinoory, S., Roshandel, J., Parvin, F., Nasri, S. ve Fatemi, M. (2024). “Smart city maturity models: A multidimensional synthesized approach.” WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 14 (1), e1516. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1516.
  • Global Footprint Network. (2022). National footprint and biocapacity accounts, 2022 edition. Oakland, CA: Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org
  • Giuffrida, I. (2021). “Smart cities and sustainability: A new challenge to accountability?” William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review, 45(3), 739–780. https:// scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr/vol45/iss3/5
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2018). Global warming of 1.5°C: An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above preindustrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty (V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P. R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J. B. R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor ve T. Waterfield, Editörler). Cambridge, UK ve New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940
  • Lacson, J. J., Lidasan, H. S., Spay Putri Ayuningtyas, V., Feliscuzo, L., Malongo, J. H., Lactuan, N. J., Bokingkito, P., Jr. ve Velasco, L. C. (2023). “Smart city assessment in developing economies: A scoping review.” Smart Cities, 6 (4), 1744–1764. https:// doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6040081
  • Liu, Z. ve Wu, J. (2023). “A Review of the Theory and Practice of Smart City Construction in China.” Sustainability, 15(9), 7161. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097161
  • McKinsey Global Institute. (2018). Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinseydigital/ our-insights/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future
  • Ministère de la Transition Écologique (MTE) [Republic of France]. (2024). France 2030: Ville durable et bâtiments innovants. Paris, Republic of France: Ministère de la Transition Écologique. https://www.gouvernement.fr/france-2030
  • Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) [Republic of Korea]. (2019). Act on the Promotion of Smart City Development and Industry (Smart City Act). Republic of Korea: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT). https://elaw.klri. re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?hseq=50634&lang=ENG
  • Ministry of Housing and Local Government (KPKT) [Malaysia]. (2018). Malaysia Smart City Framework (2019-2025). Putrajaya, Malaysia: Ministry of Housing and Local Government.
  • Red.es [Kingdom of Spain]. (2023). Plan nacional de ciudades inteligentes. Madrid, Spain: Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital. https://plantl. digital.gob.es/planes-actuaciones/Bibliotecaciudadesinteligentes/Detalle%20 del%20Plan/Plan_Nacional_de_Ciudades_Inteligentes_v2.pdf
  • Ritchie, H. ve Rodés-Guirao, L. (2024). Peak global population and other key findings from the 2024 UN World Population Prospects. OurWorldinData.org. https:// ourworldindata.org/un-population-2024-revision
  • Smart Nation and Digital Government Office (SNDGO) [Singapore]. (2014). Smart Nation 1.0. Smart Nation Singapore. https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/about/our-vision/sn1 Smart Nation and Digital Government Office (SNDGO) [Singapore]. (2024). Smart Nation 2.0. Smart Nation Singapore. https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/about/ourvision/ sn2
  • Tan, S. Y. ve Taeihagh, A. (2020). “Smart city governance in developing countries: A systematic literature review.” Sustainability, 12(3), 899. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su12030899
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). (2024). Adrese dayalı nüfus kayıt sistemi sonuçları, 2023. TÜİK. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit- Sistemi-Sonuclari-2023-49684
  • UN-Habitat. (2017). Smart city Rwanda master plan. United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (UN DESA). (2024). World population prospects 2024: Summary of results. New York: United Nations. https://population.un.org/wpp
  • URENIO Research. (2015). Smart Island Strategy (2008-2010) (Malta): Smart City Strategy. URENIO. https://urenio.org/2015/02/05/smart-island-strategy-2008-2010-malta/

Türkiye’s Smart City Strategy: A National Approach with a Global Perspective and Future Vision

Yıl 2025, Sayı: Akıllı Şehirler, 16 - 37, 01.12.2025

Öz

Contemporary cities face multidimensional global challenges such as migration, rapid urbanization, climate change, overconsumption of natural resources, and sustainability. The smart city approach aims to address these challenges by integrating information and communication technologies (IoT, big data, AI, etc.) with urban infrastructure. Türkiye established its first national framework through the National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan 2020–2023 and further advanced it with the National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan 2030, which strengthens human-centeredness, digital twins, and participatory governance. This study adopts a conceptual and comparative evaluation approach to examine Türkiye’s National Smart Cities Strategy 2030 within its historical development and global context. The analysis reviews national smart city strategies based on their chronological evolution, scope levels (national or local), and main focus areas, positioning Türkiye’s strategy alongside examples from the European Union, China, Singapore, South Korea, and other countries. The findings indicate that Türkiye’s vision extends beyond technological transformation to embrace sustainability, governance, environment, and quality of life as integral dimensions. Furthermore, the study highlights how the 2030 strategy articulates a future-oriented vision, integrating human-centered, data-driven, and sustainable urban development within a long-term governance framework.

Kaynakça

  • Amsterdam Smart City (ASC). (tarih yok). Amsterdam Smart City initiative. Amsterdam Economic Board. https://amsterdamsmartcity.com
  • Aragão, F. V., Chiroli, D. M. de G., Zola, F. C., Aragão, E. V., Marinho, L. H. N., Correa, A. L. C., ve Colmenero, J. C. (2023). “Smart cities maturity model—A multicriteria approach.” Sustainability, 15(8), 6695. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086695
  • Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı (ÇŞB). (2019). 2020–2023 Ulusal akıllı şehirler stratejisi ve eylem planı. T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. https://akillisehirler.gov.tr/wp-content/ uploads/EylemPlani.pdf
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2021). Akıllı şehir olgunluk değerlendirme modeli raporu. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı. https://www.akillisehirler.gov.tr
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2025 – yayımda). 2030 Ulusal akıllı şehirler stratejisi ve eylem planı (2025–2030). T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı.
  • Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞİDB). (2025). Akıllı Şehirler Olgunluk Değerlendirme Sistemi. T. C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı.
  • Department of Cooperative Governance (CoGTA) [Republic of South Africa]. (2021). South African Smart Cities Framework. Pretoria, Republic of South Africa: Department of Cooperative Governance. https://www.cogta.gov.za/cgta_2016/wp-content/ uploads/2023/01/Annexure-A-DCoG_Smart-Cities-Framework.pdf
  • Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD) [Republic of the Philippines]. (2021). DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities (8 Nisan 2021 tarihli 1. taslak). Manila, Republic of the Philippines: DOSTPCIEERD. https://candoncity.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/DOST-Smarter- City-Framework_Draft-1-ao-8.4.2021-1.pdf
  • Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC) [Commonwealth of Australia]. (2016). Smart cities plan. Canberra, Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. https://ssroc.nsw.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ Smart_Cities_Plan.pdf
  • Dijon Métropole. (2019). OnDijon smart city project. Dijon Métropole. https://www. ondijon.fr
  • European Commission (EC). (2020). Shaping Europe’s digital future & European data strategy. European Commission. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en
  • Farabi. (1990). Erdemli Şehir (El-Medinetü’l Fâzıla). (Çev. N. Çağatay). MEB Yayınları: Ankara (Orijinal eser 10. yy.).
  • Fraunhofer IAO [Germany]. (2021). Colonia Smart Eco-City Initiative, Uruguay. Stuttgart, Germany: Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO. https:// www.iao.fraunhofer.de/en/press-and-media/latest-news/fraunhofer-iao-supportsnational- smart-eco-city-development-colonia-in-uruguay.html
  • Federal Register [United States of America]. (2017). Smart cities and communities: Federal strategic plan – exploring innovation together. Washington, DC, United States of America: Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2017-01-12/pdf/2017-00501.pdf
  • Ghazinoory, S., Roshandel, J., Parvin, F., Nasri, S. ve Fatemi, M. (2024). “Smart city maturity models: A multidimensional synthesized approach.” WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 14 (1), e1516. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1516.
  • Global Footprint Network. (2022). National footprint and biocapacity accounts, 2022 edition. Oakland, CA: Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org
  • Giuffrida, I. (2021). “Smart cities and sustainability: A new challenge to accountability?” William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review, 45(3), 739–780. https:// scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr/vol45/iss3/5
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2018). Global warming of 1.5°C: An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above preindustrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty (V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P. R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J. B. R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor ve T. Waterfield, Editörler). Cambridge, UK ve New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940
  • Lacson, J. J., Lidasan, H. S., Spay Putri Ayuningtyas, V., Feliscuzo, L., Malongo, J. H., Lactuan, N. J., Bokingkito, P., Jr. ve Velasco, L. C. (2023). “Smart city assessment in developing economies: A scoping review.” Smart Cities, 6 (4), 1744–1764. https:// doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6040081
  • Liu, Z. ve Wu, J. (2023). “A Review of the Theory and Practice of Smart City Construction in China.” Sustainability, 15(9), 7161. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097161
  • McKinsey Global Institute. (2018). Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinseydigital/ our-insights/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future
  • Ministère de la Transition Écologique (MTE) [Republic of France]. (2024). France 2030: Ville durable et bâtiments innovants. Paris, Republic of France: Ministère de la Transition Écologique. https://www.gouvernement.fr/france-2030
  • Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) [Republic of Korea]. (2019). Act on the Promotion of Smart City Development and Industry (Smart City Act). Republic of Korea: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT). https://elaw.klri. re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?hseq=50634&lang=ENG
  • Ministry of Housing and Local Government (KPKT) [Malaysia]. (2018). Malaysia Smart City Framework (2019-2025). Putrajaya, Malaysia: Ministry of Housing and Local Government.
  • Red.es [Kingdom of Spain]. (2023). Plan nacional de ciudades inteligentes. Madrid, Spain: Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital. https://plantl. digital.gob.es/planes-actuaciones/Bibliotecaciudadesinteligentes/Detalle%20 del%20Plan/Plan_Nacional_de_Ciudades_Inteligentes_v2.pdf
  • Ritchie, H. ve Rodés-Guirao, L. (2024). Peak global population and other key findings from the 2024 UN World Population Prospects. OurWorldinData.org. https:// ourworldindata.org/un-population-2024-revision
  • Smart Nation and Digital Government Office (SNDGO) [Singapore]. (2014). Smart Nation 1.0. Smart Nation Singapore. https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/about/our-vision/sn1 Smart Nation and Digital Government Office (SNDGO) [Singapore]. (2024). Smart Nation 2.0. Smart Nation Singapore. https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/about/ourvision/ sn2
  • Tan, S. Y. ve Taeihagh, A. (2020). “Smart city governance in developing countries: A systematic literature review.” Sustainability, 12(3), 899. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su12030899
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). (2024). Adrese dayalı nüfus kayıt sistemi sonuçları, 2023. TÜİK. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit- Sistemi-Sonuclari-2023-49684
  • UN-Habitat. (2017). Smart city Rwanda master plan. United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
  • United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (UN DESA). (2024). World population prospects 2024: Summary of results. New York: United Nations. https://population.un.org/wpp
  • URENIO Research. (2015). Smart Island Strategy (2008-2010) (Malta): Smart City Strategy. URENIO. https://urenio.org/2015/02/05/smart-island-strategy-2008-2010-malta/
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Şehir ve Bölge Planlama
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ömer Alan 0009-0000-2196-777X

Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 6 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: Akıllı Şehirler

Kaynak Göster

APA Alan, Ö. (2025). Türkiye’nin Akıllı Şehir Stratejisi: Ulusal Yaklaşım, Küresel Perspektif ve Gelecek Vizyonu. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi(Akıllı Şehirler), 16-37.