Kadınların Sendikalara Yönelik Tutumları İle Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığı Algılarının Sendika Üyesi Olma İsteğine Etkisi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sendikalara yönelik tutumlar, sendika üyesi olma isteği, algılanan cinsiyet ayrımcılığı, kadınların sendikalaşması

The Effect of Women’s Union Attitudes and Perceived Gender Discrimination on The Willingness to Join a Union

Öz

In literature, it is indicated that both the unionization rate and the participation to union actitivities of women is lower than men. However, there is some studies that points out to the no more difference about attitudes towards unions between women and men. The main objective of this study to examine the differences between women and men in terms of attitudes towards unions and willingness to join union. On the other hand, the effect of attitudes toward unions and perceived gender discrimination on the willingness to join union is examined. The findings of this research is obtained by a survey which is applied to 336 students in Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. According to results of statistical study, it is determined that there is significant differences between women and men in terms of attitudes towards unions and the women have positive views about unions. There is no significant difference between women and men in terms of the willingness to join union. In women sample, attitudes towards unions and perceived gender discrimination have positive effects on willingness to join union. This study is pointed out that the importance of attitudes towards unions. Besides it is appeared that women have not different from men in terms of willingness to join union

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Union attitudes, willingness to join union, perceived gender discrimination, unionization of women

Kaynakça

1. Anafarta Nilgün, Sarvan Fulya, Yapıcı Nuray, (2008); “Konaklama İşletmelerinde Kadın Yöneticilerin Cam Tavan Algısı: Antalya İlinde Bir Araştırma”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi. 15, s.111-137.
2. Aytaç Serpil, Sevüktekin Mustafa, Işığıçok Özlem, Bayram Nuran, Yıldız Selver, Eryiğit Kadir Yasin, (2002); Çağdaş Sanayi Merkezlerinde Kadın İşgücünün Konumu: Bursa Örneği. TİSK, Yayın No: 219, Ankara.
3. Bain G. S., Elsheikh F., (1976); Union growth and the business cycle: An econometric analysis. Blackwell, Oxford.
4. Barling Julian, E. Kelloway Kevin, Bremermann Eric H., “Preemployment predictors of union attitudes: The role of family socialization and work beliefs”, Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol:76(5), 1991, 725-731.
5. Beaumont P.B., Eliot J., “Individual employee choice between unions: some public sector evidence from Britain”, Industrial Relations Journal. Vol:20(2), 1989, 119-127.
6. Bilgin Nuri, (2001); İnsan İlişkileri ve Kimlik. Sistem Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
7. Bilgin Nuri, (2003); Sosyal Psikoloji Sözlüğü: Kavramlar, Yaklaşımlar. Bağlam Yayınları, İstanbul.
8. Bilgin S. Leman, (2007); Sendikalı İşçi Davranışlarının Psikolojik Boyutları. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:1737, Eskişehir.

9. Chang Tracy F.H., (2003); “A structural model of race, gender, class, and attitutes toward labor unions”, The Social Science Journal. Vol:40, 189-200.
10. Clark Paul F., (2000); Building more effective unions. Cornell University Pres, New York.
11. Davy Jeanette A., Shipper Frank, (1993); “Voter behavior in union certification elections: A longitudinal study”, The Academy of Management Journal. Vol:36(1), 187-199.
12. Deery Stephen, De Cieri Helen, (1991); “Determinants of trade union membership in Australia”, British Journal of Industrial Relations. Vol:29(1), 59- 73.
13. Demirbilek Tunç, Çakır Özlem, (2004); Sendikal Bağlılık. Petrol-İş Yayını:91, İstanbul.
14. Deshpande Satish, Fiorito Jack, (1989); “Specific and general beliefs in union voting models”, Academy of Management Journal. Vol.32(4), 883-897.
15. Erdut Tijen, (2005); “İşgücü Piyasasında Enformelleşme ve Kadın İşgücü”, Çalışma ve Toplum. 2005/3, s.11-49.
16. Eyuboğlu Dilek, İncir Gülten, Ilgaz Nurdan A., Fidan Erdemir, İnce Yücel, Yoğunboy Yasemin, (2000); Bankacılık Sektöründe Cinsiyete Dayalı Ayrımcılık. T.C. Başbakanlık Kadının Statüsü ve Sorunları Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
17. Farber Henry S., (1989); “Trends in worker demand for union representation”, The American Economic Review. Vol:79(2), s.166-171.
18. Fiorito Jack, Gallagher Daniel G., Fukami Cynthia V., (1988); “Satisfaction with union representation”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review. Vol:41(2), 294-307.
19. Frege Carola M., (1999); Social partnership at work: Workplace relations in post-unification Germany. Routledge, London.
20. Getman J., Goldberg S., Herman J., (1976); Union representation elections: Law and reality. New York, Russell Sage.
21. Guest David E., Dewe Philip, (1988); “Why do workers belong to a trade union?: A social psychological study in the UK electronics industry”, British Journal of Industrial Relations. Vol.26(2), 178-194.
22. Gutek Barbara, Aaron Groff, Tsui Anne, (1996); “Reactions to perceived sex discrimination”, Human Relations. Vol:49(6), 791-813.
23. Hellgren Johnny, Chirumbolo Antonio, (2003); “Can union support reduce the negative effects of job insecurity on well-being?”, Economic and Industrial Democracy. Vol:24(2), 271-289.
24. ILO, (2006); “Söz ve Temsil Güvencesi”, Çev. Ceren Uzel, Sendikal Notlar.
25. International Labour Office, (2007); Equality at work: Tackling the challenges. International Labour Conference 96th Session: Report I(B).
26. Jarley Paul, Kuruvilla Sarosh, Casteel Douglas, (1990); “Member-union relations and union satisfaction”, Industrial Relations. Vol:29(1), 128-134.
27. Klandermans Bert, (1986); Psychology and trade union participation: Joining, acting, quitting”, Journal of Occupational Psychology. Vol:59, 189-204.
28. Kochan Thomas A., (1979); “How American workers view labor unions”, Monthly Labor Review, 23-31.
29. Koray Meryem, (1993); Çalışma Yaşamında Kadın Gerçekleri. Basisen Eğitim ve Kültür Yayınları:23, İzmir.
30. Lahuis David M., Mellor Steven, (2001); “Antiunion and prounion attitudes as predictors of college students’ willingness to join a union”, The Journal of Psychology. Vol:135(6), 661-681.
31. Leigh Duane E., Hills Stephen M., (1987); “Male-female differences in the potential for union growth outside traditionally unionized industries”, Journal of Labor Research. Vol:13(2), 131-142.
32. McShane Steven L., (1986); “General union attitude: A construct validation”, Journal of Labor Research. Vol:3(4), 403-417.
33. Montgomery B. Ruth, “The influence of attitudes and normative pressures on voting decisions in a union certification election”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review. Vol:42(2), 1989, 262-279.
34. Park Heejon, McHugh Patrick P., Bodah Matthew M., (2006); “Revisiting general and specific union beliefs: The union-voting intentions of professionals”, Industrial Relations. Vol:45(2), 270-289.
35. Peetz David, (1998); Unions in a contrary world. Cambridge University Press.
36. Pesek James G., Raehsler Rod D., Balough Robert S., (2006); “Future professionals and managers: Their attitudes toward unions, organizational beliefs, and work ethic”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology. Vol:36(6), 1569-1594.
37. Riley Nicola-Maria, (1997); “Determinants of union membership. A review”, Labour. Vol:11(2), 265-301.
38. Roeckelein Jon E, (1998); Dictionary of Theories, Laws & Concepts in Psychology. Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport.
39. Sanchez Juan I., Brock Petra, (1996); “Outcomes of perceived discrimination among Hispanic employees: Is diversity management a luxury or a necessity?, The Academy of Management Journal. Vol:39(3).
40. Schnabel Claus, (2003); “Determinants of trade union membership”, International handbook of trade unions. (Eds.) John T. Addison, Claus Schnabel, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham and Northampton.
41. Schur Lisa A., Kruse Douglas L., (1992); “Gender differences in attitudes toward unions”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review. Vol:46(1), 89-102.
42. Sinclair Robert R., Tetrick Loise E., (1995); “Social Exchange and union commitment: a comparison of union instrumentality and union support”, Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol:16(6), 669-680.
43. Şimşek Ömer Faruk, (2007); Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş: Temel İlkeler ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Ekinoks Yayınları, İstanbul.
44. Toksöz Gülay, Erdoğdu Seyhan, (1998); Sendikacı Kadın Kimliği. İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
45. Toksöz Gülay, (2009); “Neoliberal Piyasa ve Muhafazakar Aile Kıskacında Türkiye’de Kadın Emeği”, Küreselleşme, Kriz ve Türkiye’de Neoliberal Dönüşüm. Der. Nergis Mütevellioğlu, Sinan Sönmez, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:234, İstanbul.
46. Uçkan Banu, Kağnıcıoğlu Deniz, (2008); “İşçilerin Sendikalara İlişkin Algı ve Tutumları: Eskişehir Örneği”, “Sendikal Hak ve Özgürlükler – Türkiye Gerçeği” Sempozyumu, Ankara.
47. Urhan Betül, (2005); Türkiye’de Sendikal Örgütlenmede Yaşanan Güven ve Dayanışma Sorunları”, Çalışma ve Toplum. 2005/1, s.57-87.
48. Urhan Betül, (2009); “Görünmezlerin Görünür Olma Mücadeleleri: Çalışan Kadın Örgütlenmeleri”, Çalışma ve Toplum. 2009/2, s.83-110.
49. Urhan Betül, Selamoğlu Ahmet, (2008); “İşçilerin Sendikalara Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışları: Kocaeli Örneği”, Çalışma ve Toplum. 2008/3, s.171-197.
50. Van Der Berg A., Groot W., (1992); “Union membership in the Netherlands: A cross-sectional analysis”, Empirical Economics. Vol:17, 537-564.
51. Van Vuuren Tinka, Klandermans Bert, Jacobson Dan, Hartley Jean, (1991); “Employees reactions to job insecurity”, (içinde) Job insecurity: coping with jobs at risk. Ed. J. Hartley, D. Jacobson, B. Klandermans, T. van Vuuren, Sage Publications, London.
52. Wagar T. H., Rahman A., (1997); “Determinants of union joining and voting intention: Evidence from Canadian high school students”, Journal of Collective Negotiations in the Public Sector. Vol:26.
53. Walters Sally, (2002); “Female part-time workers attitudes to trade unions in Britain”, British Journal of Industrial Relations. Vol:40(1), 49-68.
54. Yates Charlotte, (2006); “Challenging misconcepitons about organizing women into unions”, Gender, Work and Organization. Vol:13(6), 565-584.
55. Youngblood Stuart A., DeNisi Angelo S., Molleston Julie L., Mobley William H., (1984); “The impact of work environment, instrumentality beliefs, perceived labor union image, and subjective forms on union voting intentions”, The Academy of Management Journal. Vol:27(3), 576-590. http://www.cgm.gov.tr, (19.01.2009)