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Avrupa Birliği’nde Sosyal Dışlanma Sorunu ve Mücadele Yöntemleri

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6, 50 - 106, 01.01.2005

Faruk Sapancalı

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alden, Jeremy -Thomas, Huw: “Social Exclusion in Europe: Context and Policy”, International Planning Studies, Vol.3, Issue 1, Feb 1998.
  • Atkinson, Rob: “Combating Social Exclusion in Europe: The New Urban Policy Challenge”, Urban Studies. Vol.37, Issue 5/6, May 2000.
  • Atkinson, Tony: “Social Exclusion, Poverty and Unemployment”, Exclusion, Employment and Opportunity içinde (ed: A.B. Atkinson, J. Hill). Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics, CASE. Paper No: 4, London, 1998.
  • Atkinson, Tony; “Social Inclusion and the European Union”, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol.40, Number:4, 2002.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu Türkiye Temsilciliği; Avrupa Birliği, İstihdam ve Sosyal Politika. http://www.deltur.cec.eu.int (04.03.2004).
  • Barnes, Matt: “Social exclusion and the life course”, Poverty and Social Exclusion içinde. (Ed. M. Barnes vd.), Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2002.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt; Çalışma, Tüketicilik ve Yeni Yoksullar.(çev. Ümit Öktem), Sarmal Yayınevi, İstanbul,1999.
  • Bertola, Guiseppe vd: “EU Welfare Systems and Labor Markets:Diverse in the Past, Integrated in the Future” Welfare and Employment in a United Europe içinde (ed. G. Bertola vd.), The MIT Press, Cambridge, 2001.
  • Bhalla, Ajit S.-Lapeyre, Frederich: Poverty and Exclusion in a Global World. MacMillan Press Ltd., London, 1999.
  • Buğra, Ayşe: “Ekonomik kriz karşısında Türkiye’nin geleneksel refah rejimi”, Toplum ve Bilim, No:89, Yaz 2001.
  • Burchardt, Tania - Le Grand, Julian – Piachaud, David: “Introduction”, Understanding Social Exclusion içinde, (Ed. J. Hill-J. Le Grand- D. Piachaud). Oxford University Press, New York, 2002.
  • Byrne, David: Social Exclusion. Open University Press, Buckingham, 1999, s.2; Shelley Phipps-Lori Curtis: “The Social Exclusion of Children in North America”, April 2001. http://wwww.ccsd.ca/subsites/inclusion/bp/sp.pdf (18.05.2002).
  • Cabinet Office, The Social Exclusion Unit Leaflet, Cabinet Office, UK, London, 2001. http://www.cabinet-office.gov.uk/seu/index (14.01.2002).
  • Commision of the European Communities: Draft Joint Employment Report 2003-2004, COM (2004) 24 final/2, 27.1.2004, Brussels, s. 4.
  • Commision of the European Communities: “Draft Joint Inclusion Report”, Statistical Annex, Commission Staff Working Paper, Brussels, 2003.
  • Council of Europe: Promoting the policy debate on social exclusion from a comparative perspective. Trends in social cohesion No:1, Council of Europe Publishing, December 2001.
  • Council of The European Union: Joint Report by the Commission and the Council on Social Inclusion. 5 March 2004, Brussels.
  • Council of the European Union: Draft Joint Report on Social Inclusion, Part I: The European Union, Including Executive Summary, 15223/01 SOC 538 ECOFIN 400 EDUC 161 SAN 167 ADD 2, Brussels, 2001.
  • Council of European Union; “Fight Against Poverty and Social Exclusion: Common Objectives for the Second Round of National Actions Plans”, 14164/1/2 REV1 SOC508, Brussels, 25 November 2002.
  • Davoudi, Simin – Atkinson, Rob: “Social Exclusion and The British Planning System”, Planning Practice&Research, Vol:14, Issue:2, May 1999.
  • De Haan, Arjan: “Social Exclusion: Enriching the Understanding of Deprivation”, Studies in Social and Political Thought, Issue 2, March 2000.
  • Ekonomi, Münir: “Maastricht Antlaşmasından Önce Birliğin Sosyal Politikaları”, Avrupa Birliği’nin Sosyal Politikaları ve Türkiye Semineri içinde. Çimento Müstahsilleri İşverenleri Sendikası Yayını, Ankara,1997.
  • Erdoğdu, Seyhan: “Sosyal Politikada Avrupalı Bir Kavram:Sosyal Dışlanma”, Çalışma Ortamı Dergisi, Sayı:75, Temmuz-Ağustos 2004.
  • European Commision: Industrial Relations in Europe 2004. Directorate-General for Employment and Social Affairs, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Belgium, 2004.
  • Gore, Charles: “Introduction: Markets, citizenships and social exclusion”, Social Exclusion Rhetoric, Reality, Responses içinde (Ed. G.Rodgers, C.Gore, J.B.Figueiredo).IILS., ILO. Publication, Geneva, 1995.
  • Gülmez, Mesut: Avrupa Birliği’nde Sosyal Politika. Türkiye-AB Sendikal Koordinasyon Komisyonu Yayın No:4, Ankara, 2003.
  • Hardarson, Omar S. - Romans, Fabrice: “Labour Market Latest Trends-2nd Quarter 2004 Data”, Statistics in Focus, 1/2005, Eurostat, European Communities, 2005.
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/employment-social/news/2002/jan/report- ind.en.pdf (13.12.2002)
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat.... (28.01.2005)
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/social_inclusion/docs/ap prob_en.pdf (03.03.2005)
  • Işık, Oğuz -Pınarcıoğlu, Melih; Nöbetleşe Yoksulluk. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001.
  • Kilmurray, Avila: “Beyond the stereotypes”, Social Exclusion Social Inclusion içinde. Democratic Dialogue Report No:2, Belfast, November 1995.
  • Klasen, Stephan: “Social Exclusion and Children in OECD Countries: Some Conceptual Issues”, http://www.oecd.org/pdf/M00008000/M00008702.pdf (19.11.2001).
  • Koray, Meryem: “Gerçeklerin Stilize Edildiği Bir Dünyada Ötekileşen Yoksulluk”, Toplum ve Bilim, No:89 Yaz 2001.
  • Lovering, John: “Globalization, Unemployment and Social Exclusion in Europe: Three Perspectives on the Current Policy Debate”, International Planing Studies. Vol:3, Issue:1, Feb 98.
  • Marshall, T.H. – Bottomore, T.: Yurttaşlık ve Toplumsal Sınıflar. (Çev. A.Kaya), Gündoğan Yayınları, Ankara, 2000.
  • Mayes, David G.: “Social Exclusion:A Challenge To Macroeconomic Policy” EXSPRO (Social Exclusion and Social Protection The Furure Role for the EU) Working Paper, http://www.sbu.ac.uk/euroinst/EXSPRO/papers.html, (18.01.2003).
  • Moynihan, Colin - Butler, Jacqueline: “Social exclusion and youth unemployment- an overview from a European perspective”, World Bank conference on Social exclusion, social capital and the East Asian crisis, Manila, 7 November 2001
  • O’Brien, D.- Wilkes, J., De Haan, A., Maxwell, S.; “Poverty and Social Exclusion in North and South”, IDS (Institute of Development Studies) Working Paper 55, University of Sussex. http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp/Wp55.pdf (04.06.2002).
  • Peace, Robin: “Social Exclusion: A Concept in Need of Definition”, Social Policy Journal of New Zeland, Issue 16, July 2001.
  • Pena-Casas, Ramon - Degryse, Chiristophe - Pochet, Philippe: European Strategy in the Field of Poverty and Social Exclusion. Social İndicators Conference, Brussels, 8-9 November 2001. http://www.socialeurope.com/pdfs/Brussels_nov_01/Br_en.pdf.
  • Room, Graham: “Poverty and Social Exclusion: The New European Agenda for Policy and Research”, Beyond the Threshold: The Measurement and Analysis of Social Exclusion içinde (Ed. G.Room). The Policy Press, Bristol, 1995.
  • Sapancalı, Faruk; Sosyal Dışlanma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir, 2003.
  • Silver, Hillary: Social exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigms”, International Labour Review, Vol.133, No:5-6, 1994.
  • Sen, Amartya: Social Exclusion: Concept, Application, And Scrutiny. Social Development Paper No:1, Asian Development Bank, Manila, 2000.
  • Sindzingre, Alice N.; “Exclusion and Poverty in Developing Countries:Some Issues”, http://www.dse.de/ef/poverty/sindzingre.htm (12.01.2002).
  • SPIU; The Social Exclusion Consultation - SPIU (Scottish Poverty Information Unit) Submission. http://spiu.gcal.ac.uk/socexcl.html (13.10.2000).
  • Steward, Frances - Berry Albert; “Globalization, Liberalization and Inequality: Real Causes”, Challenge, Vol:43, Is.1, January-February 2000.
  • Şenses, Fikret; Küreselleşmenin Öteki Yüzü Yoksulluk. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001.
  • TİSK: Avrupa Birliği’nin Beyaz Kitapları ve Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme. TİSK İnceleme Yayınları:14, Ankara,1995.
  • TİSK: Avrupa Birliği’nin Sosyal Politika Gündemi. Avrupa Komisyonu’nun Konsey, AP ve Ekonomik-Sosyal Konsey ve Bölgeler Komitesine Sunduğu Bildiri, Eylül, 2000.
  • Yepez Del Castillo, Isabel: “A comparative approach to social exclusion: Lessons from France and Belgium”, International Labour Review, Vol.133, No:5-6,1994.

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6, 50 - 106, 01.01.2005

Faruk Sapancalı

Öz

The notion of social exclusion originated during the 1970’s in France. But, exclusion discourse became widespread in other European countries in the 1980’s that was a period of various economic, social and political crisis and restructuring, and crisis of welfare state. In the late 1990’s, it also has become one of the central social policy matters of EU. Interest in social exclusion has grown in EU in relation to rising rates of unemployment and poverty risk, increasing international migration, and the dismantling, or cutting back of welfare state. The notion of social exclusion focuses on lack of economic and social rights of citizenship, inadequate social partipication and lack of power. Recent years, social exclusion has been a gradually increasing problem in EU. For this reason, the fight against the social exclusion has become a one of the main six objectives of the European social policy by the Amsterdam Treaty. In 2000, the European Council of Lisbon agreed on the need to take steps to make decisive impact on the eradication of poverty and social exclusion by 2010. It has also agreed that Member States’ policies for combating social exclusion should be based on an Open Method of Co-ordination combining common objectives. All Member States have committed themselves in Nice to developing their policy priorities in combating social exclusion in the framework of four commonly agreed objectives: to facilitate participation in employment and access by all to resources, rights, goods and services; to prevent the risks of exclusion; to help the most vulnerable and to mobilise all relevant bodies

Kaynakça

  • Alden, Jeremy -Thomas, Huw: “Social Exclusion in Europe: Context and Policy”, International Planning Studies, Vol.3, Issue 1, Feb 1998.
  • Atkinson, Rob: “Combating Social Exclusion in Europe: The New Urban Policy Challenge”, Urban Studies. Vol.37, Issue 5/6, May 2000.
  • Atkinson, Tony: “Social Exclusion, Poverty and Unemployment”, Exclusion, Employment and Opportunity içinde (ed: A.B. Atkinson, J. Hill). Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics, CASE. Paper No: 4, London, 1998.
  • Atkinson, Tony; “Social Inclusion and the European Union”, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol.40, Number:4, 2002.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu Türkiye Temsilciliği; Avrupa Birliği, İstihdam ve Sosyal Politika. http://www.deltur.cec.eu.int (04.03.2004).
  • Barnes, Matt: “Social exclusion and the life course”, Poverty and Social Exclusion içinde. (Ed. M. Barnes vd.), Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2002.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt; Çalışma, Tüketicilik ve Yeni Yoksullar.(çev. Ümit Öktem), Sarmal Yayınevi, İstanbul,1999.
  • Bertola, Guiseppe vd: “EU Welfare Systems and Labor Markets:Diverse in the Past, Integrated in the Future” Welfare and Employment in a United Europe içinde (ed. G. Bertola vd.), The MIT Press, Cambridge, 2001.
  • Bhalla, Ajit S.-Lapeyre, Frederich: Poverty and Exclusion in a Global World. MacMillan Press Ltd., London, 1999.
  • Buğra, Ayşe: “Ekonomik kriz karşısında Türkiye’nin geleneksel refah rejimi”, Toplum ve Bilim, No:89, Yaz 2001.
  • Burchardt, Tania - Le Grand, Julian – Piachaud, David: “Introduction”, Understanding Social Exclusion içinde, (Ed. J. Hill-J. Le Grand- D. Piachaud). Oxford University Press, New York, 2002.
  • Byrne, David: Social Exclusion. Open University Press, Buckingham, 1999, s.2; Shelley Phipps-Lori Curtis: “The Social Exclusion of Children in North America”, April 2001. http://wwww.ccsd.ca/subsites/inclusion/bp/sp.pdf (18.05.2002).
  • Cabinet Office, The Social Exclusion Unit Leaflet, Cabinet Office, UK, London, 2001. http://www.cabinet-office.gov.uk/seu/index (14.01.2002).
  • Commision of the European Communities: Draft Joint Employment Report 2003-2004, COM (2004) 24 final/2, 27.1.2004, Brussels, s. 4.
  • Commision of the European Communities: “Draft Joint Inclusion Report”, Statistical Annex, Commission Staff Working Paper, Brussels, 2003.
  • Council of Europe: Promoting the policy debate on social exclusion from a comparative perspective. Trends in social cohesion No:1, Council of Europe Publishing, December 2001.
  • Council of The European Union: Joint Report by the Commission and the Council on Social Inclusion. 5 March 2004, Brussels.
  • Council of the European Union: Draft Joint Report on Social Inclusion, Part I: The European Union, Including Executive Summary, 15223/01 SOC 538 ECOFIN 400 EDUC 161 SAN 167 ADD 2, Brussels, 2001.
  • Council of European Union; “Fight Against Poverty and Social Exclusion: Common Objectives for the Second Round of National Actions Plans”, 14164/1/2 REV1 SOC508, Brussels, 25 November 2002.
  • Davoudi, Simin – Atkinson, Rob: “Social Exclusion and The British Planning System”, Planning Practice&Research, Vol:14, Issue:2, May 1999.
  • De Haan, Arjan: “Social Exclusion: Enriching the Understanding of Deprivation”, Studies in Social and Political Thought, Issue 2, March 2000.
  • Ekonomi, Münir: “Maastricht Antlaşmasından Önce Birliğin Sosyal Politikaları”, Avrupa Birliği’nin Sosyal Politikaları ve Türkiye Semineri içinde. Çimento Müstahsilleri İşverenleri Sendikası Yayını, Ankara,1997.
  • Erdoğdu, Seyhan: “Sosyal Politikada Avrupalı Bir Kavram:Sosyal Dışlanma”, Çalışma Ortamı Dergisi, Sayı:75, Temmuz-Ağustos 2004.
  • European Commision: Industrial Relations in Europe 2004. Directorate-General for Employment and Social Affairs, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Belgium, 2004.
  • Gore, Charles: “Introduction: Markets, citizenships and social exclusion”, Social Exclusion Rhetoric, Reality, Responses içinde (Ed. G.Rodgers, C.Gore, J.B.Figueiredo).IILS., ILO. Publication, Geneva, 1995.
  • Gülmez, Mesut: Avrupa Birliği’nde Sosyal Politika. Türkiye-AB Sendikal Koordinasyon Komisyonu Yayın No:4, Ankara, 2003.
  • Hardarson, Omar S. - Romans, Fabrice: “Labour Market Latest Trends-2nd Quarter 2004 Data”, Statistics in Focus, 1/2005, Eurostat, European Communities, 2005.
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/employment-social/news/2002/jan/report- ind.en.pdf (13.12.2002)
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat.... (28.01.2005)
  • http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/social_inclusion/docs/ap prob_en.pdf (03.03.2005)
  • Işık, Oğuz -Pınarcıoğlu, Melih; Nöbetleşe Yoksulluk. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001.
  • Kilmurray, Avila: “Beyond the stereotypes”, Social Exclusion Social Inclusion içinde. Democratic Dialogue Report No:2, Belfast, November 1995.
  • Klasen, Stephan: “Social Exclusion and Children in OECD Countries: Some Conceptual Issues”, http://www.oecd.org/pdf/M00008000/M00008702.pdf (19.11.2001).
  • Koray, Meryem: “Gerçeklerin Stilize Edildiği Bir Dünyada Ötekileşen Yoksulluk”, Toplum ve Bilim, No:89 Yaz 2001.
  • Lovering, John: “Globalization, Unemployment and Social Exclusion in Europe: Three Perspectives on the Current Policy Debate”, International Planing Studies. Vol:3, Issue:1, Feb 98.
  • Marshall, T.H. – Bottomore, T.: Yurttaşlık ve Toplumsal Sınıflar. (Çev. A.Kaya), Gündoğan Yayınları, Ankara, 2000.
  • Mayes, David G.: “Social Exclusion:A Challenge To Macroeconomic Policy” EXSPRO (Social Exclusion and Social Protection The Furure Role for the EU) Working Paper, http://www.sbu.ac.uk/euroinst/EXSPRO/papers.html, (18.01.2003).
  • Moynihan, Colin - Butler, Jacqueline: “Social exclusion and youth unemployment- an overview from a European perspective”, World Bank conference on Social exclusion, social capital and the East Asian crisis, Manila, 7 November 2001
  • O’Brien, D.- Wilkes, J., De Haan, A., Maxwell, S.; “Poverty and Social Exclusion in North and South”, IDS (Institute of Development Studies) Working Paper 55, University of Sussex. http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp/Wp55.pdf (04.06.2002).
  • Peace, Robin: “Social Exclusion: A Concept in Need of Definition”, Social Policy Journal of New Zeland, Issue 16, July 2001.
  • Pena-Casas, Ramon - Degryse, Chiristophe - Pochet, Philippe: European Strategy in the Field of Poverty and Social Exclusion. Social İndicators Conference, Brussels, 8-9 November 2001. http://www.socialeurope.com/pdfs/Brussels_nov_01/Br_en.pdf.
  • Room, Graham: “Poverty and Social Exclusion: The New European Agenda for Policy and Research”, Beyond the Threshold: The Measurement and Analysis of Social Exclusion içinde (Ed. G.Room). The Policy Press, Bristol, 1995.
  • Sapancalı, Faruk; Sosyal Dışlanma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir, 2003.
  • Silver, Hillary: Social exclusion and social solidarity: Three paradigms”, International Labour Review, Vol.133, No:5-6, 1994.
  • Sen, Amartya: Social Exclusion: Concept, Application, And Scrutiny. Social Development Paper No:1, Asian Development Bank, Manila, 2000.
  • Sindzingre, Alice N.; “Exclusion and Poverty in Developing Countries:Some Issues”, http://www.dse.de/ef/poverty/sindzingre.htm (12.01.2002).
  • SPIU; The Social Exclusion Consultation - SPIU (Scottish Poverty Information Unit) Submission. http://spiu.gcal.ac.uk/socexcl.html (13.10.2000).
  • Steward, Frances - Berry Albert; “Globalization, Liberalization and Inequality: Real Causes”, Challenge, Vol:43, Is.1, January-February 2000.
  • Şenses, Fikret; Küreselleşmenin Öteki Yüzü Yoksulluk. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001.
  • TİSK: Avrupa Birliği’nin Beyaz Kitapları ve Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme. TİSK İnceleme Yayınları:14, Ankara,1995.
  • TİSK: Avrupa Birliği’nin Sosyal Politika Gündemi. Avrupa Komisyonu’nun Konsey, AP ve Ekonomik-Sosyal Konsey ve Bölgeler Komitesine Sunduğu Bildiri, Eylül, 2000.
  • Yepez Del Castillo, Isabel: “A comparative approach to social exclusion: Lessons from France and Belgium”, International Labour Review, Vol.133, No:5-6,1994.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Faruk Sapancalı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Sapancalı, F. (2005). Avrupa Birliği’nde Sosyal Dışlanma Sorunu ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 3(6), 50-106.
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