Türkiye’nin Çalışmada Sağlık ve Güvenlik Alanında Avrupa Birliği Hukukuna Uyumu

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 69, 829 - 858, 01.01.2021

Recep Kapar

Öz

Türkiye uzunca bir süredir Avrupa Birliğine AB üye olma çabası içindedir. Bu bağlamda, öteden beri önemli bir sorun olagelen iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarını önlemek için AB’nin çalışmada sağlık ve güvenlik hukukuna uyum sağlamaya uğraşmaktadır. Uyum amacıyla Türkiye’de çok sayıda hukuk kuralı yürürlüğe konmuştur. Ancak bu çabalar, amacına ulaşamamıştır. İş kazaları ve meslek hastalıkları ile güvensiz çalışma koşulları, çözüm bulunamamış bir sorun olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir. AB’nin çalışmada sağlık ve güvenlikle ilgili yönergelerin bir kısmı, güncel değildir. Aynı zamanda ilgili AB hukuku, belirli sorun alanlarını özel olarak düzenleme bakımından eksiktir. Gerçekten psikososyal riskler ve kas-iskelet sistemini tehdit eden riskler gibi bazı temel konuları düzenleyen özel yönergelerin çıkarılması başarısız olmuştur. Türkiye tarafında ise AB yönergelerine aykırı biçimde geniş çalışan gruplarını koruyan önemli bir takım hukuki düzenlemelerin yürürlüğü sürekli ertelenmektedir. Ayrıca hukuksal düzenlemelerin gereklerini yaşama geçirecek uygun nitelikte bir çalışma yönetimi sistemi kurulamamıştır. Ek olarak enformel istihdamda yer alan çalışanların önleyici düzenlemelerden ve hizmetlerden yararlanabilmelerine olanak sağlayan bir mekanizma oluşturulamamıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çalışmada sağlık ve güvenlik, Türkiye, AB Yönergeleri, Uyum

Turkey’s Compliance with EU Legislations in the Field of Safety and Health at Work

Öz

Turkey has been trying to join the European Union EU for a long time. In this context, Turkey needs to comply with EU regulations on health and safety at work for preventing occupational accidents and diseases, which has long been its a major problem. In order to comply, much legislation was enacted in Turkey. But these efforts have failed to accomplish their intended goal. Occupational accidents and diseases, dangerous working conditions continue to exist as an unsolved problem. Some of the EU's directives on health and safety at work are out of date. At the same time, EU law is lacking in specifically regulating certain problem areas. For instance, the adopted of specific directives that regulate some basic issues such as psychosocial and musculoskeletal risks has failed. In Turkey, in a way that is contradictory to EU directives, certain significant legislation to protect broad numbers of employees are constantly being delayed In addition, an effective structure of labour administration for the enforcement of the provisions of the legal regulations could not be established. A system that requires workers employed in informal employment to benefit from preventive regulations and services has still not been developed

Anahtar Kelimeler

safety and health at work, Turkey, EU Directives, Compliance

Kaynakça

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