Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

POTENTIAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURES OF RELIGIOUS-BASED GROUP DYNAMICS

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 15 Temmuz, 187 - 202, 10.07.2020

Öz

In order to understand group psychology and psychopathology, studies conducted by sociologists and social psychologists should be supported by data and information obtained from studies in the field of individual psychology. Because, the structures that fear and hate to think in the personality of the individual appear as unconscious beliefs shared by the members of the group in the larger group. W. Bion, naming the basic assumptions of the unconscious beliefs that affect the thinking processes of a group divided these organizations -which are active within the social structure- into three groups; depending on the group mentality which they produce and adhere to and also where they are strictly connected. When the way of thinking and content of individuals who are in line with these three main assumption groups and the behaviors they display in parallel are closely examined, it is observed that a pathological love idealized for the leader in the dependent group, a baseless sense of manic hope in the pairing group and paranoid-schizoid anxiety in the fight or flight group concerns will be seen in common. The members of the group expect the group leader, the substitution of the parents, to assume the role they had experienced with their parents in the first years of individual life. No longer be able to resist this expectation that affects him more and more everday, the group leader psychopathological position will regress into a psychopathological state.

Kaynakça

  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Experiences in Groups and Other Papers, Routledge, London, 1961.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Learning from Experience, Heinemann, London, 1962.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Second Thoughts, Jason Aronson, Nortvale, 1967.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Transformations: Change from Learning to Growth, Heinemann, London, 1965.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Standard Edition, Hogarth Press, London, 1955.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Formulations On The Two Principle Of Mental Functioning. Standard Edition, Hogarth Press, London, 1911.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Standard Edition, 7. Hogarth Press, London, 1953.
  • GREEN, André, Life Narcissism Death Narcissism, Free Association Books, London, 2001.
  • GROSTEIN, James, Splitting and Projective Identification, Jason Aronson New York, 1981.
  • KILLE, Andrew, The Bible Made Me Do It: Text, Interpretation, and Violence, The Destructive Power of Religion, Praeger Publishers, West Port, 2004.
  • KLEIN, Melanie, Early Stages of the Oedipus Complex, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1968.
  • KLEIN, Melanie, Love, Guilt and Reparation, London: Vintage, 1998.
  • BILLOW, Richard, “LHK: The Basis of Emotion in Bion’s Theory”, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, C.35, S.4, 1999, ss. 629-646.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, “Attacks on Linking”, International Journal of PsychoAnalysis, C.40, 1959, ss. 308-318.
  • EIGEN, Michael, “Creativity, Instinctual Fantasy and Ideal Images”, Psychoanalytic Review, C.69, 1982, ss.317-339.
  • EIGEN, Michael, “Instinctual Fantasy and Ideal Images”, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, C.16, S.1, 1980, ss.119-137.
  • FRALEY, Karen, “Bion’s Model of the Mind”, Psychoanalytic Social Work, C.14, S.1, 2007, ss.59-76.
  • KISA, Cihad, “Söz Olur I. Ontik ve Moral Vicdan”, Journal of Turkish Studies, C.10, S.12, 2015, ss.751-770.
  • LUTENBERG, Jaime, “Alpha-Transformation, Mental Void, and Edition”, International Forum of Psychoanalysis, C.18, 2009, ss.86-89.
  • MELTZER, Donald, “Ego Ideal Functions and The Psychoanalytic Process”, International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, C.62, 1981, ss.243-249.
  • OGDEN, Thomas, “Bion’s Four Principles of Mental Functioning”, Fort Da, C.14, S.2, 2008, ss.11-35.
  • WINNICOTT, Donald Woods, “Transitional Objects And Transitional Phenomena; A Study Of The First Not-Me Possession”, International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, C.34, S.2, 1953, ss.89-97.
  • VOLKAN, Kevin, “Psychopathology, Groups and Group Leaders: A Psychoanalytic Perpective”, Spring, 1994, ss.20-27.

DİNİ TEMELLİ GRUP DİNAMİKLERİNİN POTANSİYEL PSİKOPATOLOJİK ALTYAPILARI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 15 Temmuz, 187 - 202, 10.07.2020

Öz

Grup psikolojisi ve psikopatolojisini anlamak için sosyolog ve sosyal psikologlar tarafından yapılan çalışmalar, bireysel psikoloji alanında yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen veri ve bilgiler ile desteklenmelidir. Çünkü bireyin kişiliğinde düşünmekten korkan ve nefret eden yapılar, daha büyük bir birim olan grupta, grup üyelerinin paylaştığı bilinçdışı inançlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bir grubun düşünme süreçlerini etkileyen bilinçdışı inançları temel varsayımlar/basic assumptions olarak adlandıran W. Bion, toplumsal yapı içerisinde etkin olan bu organizasyonları ürettikleri ve sıkı bir şekilde bağlı oldukları grup zihniyetine göre bağımlı, eşleştirme ve savaş ya da kaç grubu olmak üzere üçe ayırmıştır. Üç tür temel varsayım grubuna müntesip bireylerin düşünme biçimi ve içerikleri ve buna koşut olarak da serimlemiş oldukları davranışlar yakından incelendiğinde bağımlı grupta, lidere yönelik olarak idealize edilmiş patolojik bir sevginin, eşleştirme grubunda temelsiz bir manik umut duygusunun, savaş ya da kaç grubunda ise paranoid-şizoid kaygıların yaygın olduğu görülecektir. Grup üyeleri, anne ve babalarının yerine ikame ettikleri grup liderinden daha çok bireysel yaşamın ilk yıllarında ebeveynleriyle deneyimlemiş oldukları rolü üstlenmesini beklemektedir. Grup lideri, her geçen gün kendisini daha fazla hissettiren bu beklentiye daha fazla direnemeyecek ve psikopatolojik bir konumu doğru gerileyecektir.

Kaynakça

  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Experiences in Groups and Other Papers, Routledge, London, 1961.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Learning from Experience, Heinemann, London, 1962.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Second Thoughts, Jason Aronson, Nortvale, 1967.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, Transformations: Change from Learning to Growth, Heinemann, London, 1965.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Standard Edition, Hogarth Press, London, 1955.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Formulations On The Two Principle Of Mental Functioning. Standard Edition, Hogarth Press, London, 1911.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Standard Edition, 7. Hogarth Press, London, 1953.
  • GREEN, André, Life Narcissism Death Narcissism, Free Association Books, London, 2001.
  • GROSTEIN, James, Splitting and Projective Identification, Jason Aronson New York, 1981.
  • KILLE, Andrew, The Bible Made Me Do It: Text, Interpretation, and Violence, The Destructive Power of Religion, Praeger Publishers, West Port, 2004.
  • KLEIN, Melanie, Early Stages of the Oedipus Complex, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1968.
  • KLEIN, Melanie, Love, Guilt and Reparation, London: Vintage, 1998.
  • BILLOW, Richard, “LHK: The Basis of Emotion in Bion’s Theory”, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, C.35, S.4, 1999, ss. 629-646.
  • BION, Wilfred Ruprecht, “Attacks on Linking”, International Journal of PsychoAnalysis, C.40, 1959, ss. 308-318.
  • EIGEN, Michael, “Creativity, Instinctual Fantasy and Ideal Images”, Psychoanalytic Review, C.69, 1982, ss.317-339.
  • EIGEN, Michael, “Instinctual Fantasy and Ideal Images”, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, C.16, S.1, 1980, ss.119-137.
  • FRALEY, Karen, “Bion’s Model of the Mind”, Psychoanalytic Social Work, C.14, S.1, 2007, ss.59-76.
  • KISA, Cihad, “Söz Olur I. Ontik ve Moral Vicdan”, Journal of Turkish Studies, C.10, S.12, 2015, ss.751-770.
  • LUTENBERG, Jaime, “Alpha-Transformation, Mental Void, and Edition”, International Forum of Psychoanalysis, C.18, 2009, ss.86-89.
  • MELTZER, Donald, “Ego Ideal Functions and The Psychoanalytic Process”, International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, C.62, 1981, ss.243-249.
  • OGDEN, Thomas, “Bion’s Four Principles of Mental Functioning”, Fort Da, C.14, S.2, 2008, ss.11-35.
  • WINNICOTT, Donald Woods, “Transitional Objects And Transitional Phenomena; A Study Of The First Not-Me Possession”, International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, C.34, S.2, 1953, ss.89-97.
  • VOLKAN, Kevin, “Psychopathology, Groups and Group Leaders: A Psychoanalytic Perpective”, Spring, 1994, ss.20-27.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Cihad Kısa Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0898-1774

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Temmuz 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 15 Temmuz

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Kısa, Cihad. “DİNİ TEMELLİ GRUP DİNAMİKLERİNİN POTANSİYEL PSİKOPATOLOJİK ALTYAPILARI”. Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi 20, sy. 15 Temmuz (Temmuz 2020): 187-202.