Investigation of the Relationship between Semantic Information and Verbal Working Memory in Children with Typical Developing, Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1, 410 - 442, 27.04.2022

Tüba Küçük Funda Acarlar

https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.946702

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between semantic knowledge and verbal working memory (VWM) in children with typical development (TD), Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Descriptive research and relational research methods were used in the design of the research.Children in the study group were matched with the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices Test according to their non-verbal intelligence score.The study group of the study consisted of 17 TD children aged 4-5 years and 14 DS and 15 ASD children whose nonverbal intelligence ages are between 4-5 years.Semantic knowledge was evaluated in the dimensions of vocabulary breath and vocabulary depth.The language sample collected in narrative context was used to evaluate of vocabulary breath. Vocabulary Depth Test (VDT) was used to assess vocabulary depth.VWM was assessed with the Nonsense Word Repetition Test (NWR).The results of the research revealed that all groups showed significant differences in vocabulary breadth, vocabulary depth and VWM performances.It was found that there was a significant and positive relationship between vocabulary breadth, vocabulary depth and VWM in all groups.VMW predicted vocabulary breadth and vocabulary depth in children with TD and DS.Vocabulary breadth was found to predict vocabulary depth in children with TD and ASD.However, VMW did not predict vocabulary breadth and depth in ASD.The results obtained from the study show that the results differ in the two different diagnostic groups.While the results were discussed regarding the contribution of verbal working memory in the acquisition of semantic knowledge in DS, the importance of word width in the acquisition of word depth in ASD was discussed. In addition, it has been suggested to examine different variables that may be effective in the development of semantic knowledge in both diagnostic groups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Semantic Knowledge, Vocabulary Breath, Vocabulary Depth, Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Semantik Bilgi ile Sözel Çalışma Belleği İlişkisinin Tipik Gelişim Gösteren, Down Sendromu Olan ve Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Bulunan Çocuklarda İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG), Down sendromu (DS) olan ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) bulunan çocuklarda semantik bilgi ile sözel çalışma belleği (SÇB) arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Araştırmanın desenlenmesinde betimsel araştırma ve ilişkisel araştırma yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunda yer alan çocuklar Raven Renkli Progresif Matrisler Testi ile sözel olmayan zekâ puanına göre eşleştirilmişlerdir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 4–5 yaşlarındaki TGG 17 ve sözel olmayan zekâ puanları 4-5 yaş arasında olan 14 DS, 15 OSB tanılı bireyden oluşmaktadır. Semantik bilgi sözcük genişliği ve sözcük derinliği boyutlarında değerlendirilmiştir. Sözcük genişliğinin değerlendirilmesinde öyküleme bağlamında alınan dil örneğindenyararlanılmıştır. Sözcük derinliğinin değerlendirilmesinde Sözcük Derinliği Testi (SDT) kullanılmıştır. SÇB ise Anlamsız Sözcük Tekrarı Testi (AST) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları tüm grupların sözcük genişliği, sözcük derinliği ve SÇB performanslarında anlamlı farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Tüm gruplarda sözcük genişliği, sözcük derinliği ve SÇB arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. TGG ve DS olan çocuklarda sözel çalışma belleği sözcük genişliği ve sözcük derinliğini yordamıştır. Sözcük genişliğinin TGG ve OSB olan çocuklarda sözcük derinliğini yordadığı bulunmuştur. Ancak OSB’de sözel çalışma belleği sözcük genişliği ve derinliğini yordamamıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular iki farklı tanı grubunda sonuçların farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar DS’de semantik bilginin ediniminde sözel çalışma belleğinin sağladığı katkıya yönelik ele alınırken, OSB’de sözcük derinliğinin ediniminde sözcük genişliğinin önemine yönelik tartışılmıştır. Buna ek olarak her iki tanı grubunda da semantik bilginin gelişiminde etkili olabilecek farklı değişkenlerin incelenmesi önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Semantik Bilgi, Sözcük Genişliği, Sözcük Derinliği, Down Sendromu, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu.

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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