Yerel İklim Zonlarının CBS Ortamında Vektör-Tabanlı Haritalanması

Öz

Kentsel ısı adası çalışmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan Yerel İklim Zonları (YİZ) kentsel alanda iklimsel farklılıkların belirlenebilmesi için kentin iklim temelli sınıflanmasını içermektedir. Bu yüzden YİZ sınıflarını görselleştirilmesi için haritalama yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Manuel, raster ve vektör tabanlı olmak üzere üç tür haritalama yöntemi bulunmasına rağmen hassas ve doğru değerlendirme yapan vektör tabanlı yöntem yaygın olarak kullanılmamaktadır. Bu yüzden çalışmada vektör tabanlı YİZ haritası üretilmesinde CBS-tabanlı bir yaklaşımın Adana kenti örneğinde gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın yöntemi 5 basamaktan oluşmaktadır. a) sınıflama kriterlerinin belirlenmesi, b) her bir sınıflama kriterinin Arc-GIS aracılığı ile haritalanması, c) YİZ haritasının oluşturulması için karar ağacının oluşturulması, d) karar ağacı doğrultusunda sınıflama kriterlerinin çakıştırılması, e) bulgular doğrultusunda önerilerin geliştirilmesi. YİZ sınıflarının vektör tabanlı sınıflanması, çözünürlükten kaynaklı olabilecek sınıflama hatalarını en aza indirgemiş ve yüksek doğruluğa sahip YİZ haritasının oluşturulmasını sağlamıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen YİZ haritasının kent iklimi ile ilgili çalışmalarda altlık olabilmesi ve karar vericilere yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vektör-tabanlı
• Yerel İklim Zonları
• Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS)
• Çok Kriterli Karar Analizleri (ÇKKA)

A Vector-Based Mapping in GIS Environment to Classify Local Climate Zone

Öz

Local climate zones (LCZ), which are widely used in urban heat island studies, include climate-based classification of the city to determine the climatic differences in the metropolitan area. Therefore, mapping methods have been developed to visualise LCZ classes. Compared to the raster-based mapping method, the vector-based mapping method, which makes a more precise and accurate evaluation, is not widely used due to the difficulty in creating and obtaining a dataset. This study aims to implement a GIS-based approach in creating a vector-based LCZ map in the example of Adana City, Turkey. The method of the study consists of five steps: a) determination of classification criteria; b) mapping of each classification criteria via Arc-GIS; c) creation of the decision tree for the creation of the LCZ map; d) overlapping of the classification criteria in line with the decision tree; e) development of suggestions in line with the findings. Vector-based LCZ classification has minimised the classification mistakes that may arise from resolution and has enabled the creation of a highly accurate LCZ map. The LCZ map obtained from the study is expected to be a base map in studies on urban climate studies and to guide decision-makers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vector-based
• Local Climate Zone
• Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA)

Kaynakça

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