Investigation of the Effect of Citric Acid and TiO2 Nanoparticle Mixtures on Yellowing and Folding Angle of Wool Fabrics

Yıl 2023, , 705 - 711, 18.10.2023

Sabiha Sezgin Bozok , Tuğrul Oğulata

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1377729

Öz

Citric acid (C6H8O7) is a kind of carboxylic acid that can be used as a crosslinker for textile surfaces, is environmentally friendly, is not harmful to human health, and has a low cost. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, on the other hand, are white pigments that can provide many functional properties such as self-cleaning, UV blocking, etc. to the product on which it is applied with a large surface area. It has been seen in previous studies that citric acid provides benefits such as increasing the anti-crease properties of fabrics, but it also has a disadvantage such as yellowing the product as a result of applying this chemical to textile surfaces. In this study, suspensions of TiO2 NP (nanoparticle) were prepared for colorless woolen fabrics and mixed with citric acid at different concentrations. It was applied to woolen fabrics with the Pad-dry-cure method. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, it was determined that citric acid doped with TiO2 suspension changed the fiber surface. Yellowing was observed in the woolen samples with citric acid, but when TiO2 NP was added to the solutions, the yellowing in the samples was considerably reduced. The folding angle of woolen samples treated with 15 gr/L citric acid could be increased by 4°, with TiO2 NP added to the citric acid solution at this concentration, the folding angle of the samples decreased but was higher than the untreated sample.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wool fabric, Titanium dioxide, Citric acid, Folding angle, Yellowing

Sitrik Asit ve TiO2 Nanoparçacık Karışımlarının Yünlü Kumaşların Sararma ve Katlanma Açısına Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Sitrik asit (C6H8O7) tekstil yüzeyleri için çapraz bağlayıcı olarak kullanılabilen çevre dostu, insan sağlığına zararı olmayan, maliyeti düşük bir tür karboksilik asittir. Titanyum dioksit (TiO2) nanoparçacıklar (NP) ise geniş yüzey alanı ile uygulandığı ürüne kendi kendini temizleyebilme, UV bloklama, vs gibi birçok fonksiyonel özellik kazandırabilen beyaz renkte pigmenttir. Sitrik asitin kumaşlarda buruşmazlık özelliğini arttırması gibi fayda sağladığı önceki çalışmalarda görülmüştür ancak bu kimyasalın tekstil yüzeylerine uygulanması sonucunda ürünü sarartma gibi bir dezavantajı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada renksiz yünlü kumaşlar için TiO2 NP süspansiyonları hazırlanmış ve farklı konsantrasyonlarda sitrik asitle karıştırılmıştır. Emdirme-kurutma-termofiksaj yöntemi ile kumaşlara aplike edilmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) analizi ile TiO2 süspansiyonu katkılı sitrik asitin lif yüzeyini değiştirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sitrik asitle yünlü numunelerde sararma görülmüş ancak çözeltilere TiO2 NP ilave edildiğinde numunelerdeki sararma oldukça azalmıştır. 15 gr/L sitrik asitle işlem gören yünlü numunelerin hem atkı hem çözgü yönünde katlanma açısı 4° arttırılabilmiştir, bu konsantrasyonda sitrik asit çözeltisine ilave edilen TiO2 NP ile numunelerin katlanma açısı düşmüş ancak işlem görmemiş numuneye göre yüksek çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yünlü kumaş, Titanyum dioksit, Sitrik asit, Katlanma açısı, Sararma

Kaynakça

• 1. Gagliardi, D.D., Shippee, F.B., 1963. Crosslinking of Cellulose with Polycarboxylic acids. Dyestuff Reptr., 52, 300.
• 2. Rowland, S.P. Welch, C.M., Brannan, M.A.F., Gallagher, D.M., 1967. Introduction of Ester Crosslink into Cotton Cellulose by a Rapid Curing Method. Text. Res. J., 37, 933.
• 3. Martel, B., Weltrowski, M., Ruffin, D., Morcellet, M., 2002. Polycarboxylic Acids as Crosslinking Agents for Grafting Cyclodextrins onto Cotton and Wool Fabrics: Study of the Process Parameters. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 83, 1449-1456.
• 4. Mohsin, M., Farooq, U., Raza, Z.A., Ahsan, M., Afzal, A., Nazir, A., 2014. Performance Enhancement of Wool Fabric with Environmentallyfriendly Bio-Cross-Linker. Journal of Cleaner Production, 68, 130-134.
• 5. Lu, Y., Yang, C.Q., 1999. Fabric Yellowing Caused by Citric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent for Cotton. Textile Research Journal, 69(9), 685-690.
• 6. Okeil, A.A., 2008. Citric Acid Crosslinking of Cellulose using TiO2 Catalyst by Pad-Dry-Cure Method. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 47, 174-179.
• 7. Tang, P., Ji, B., Sun, G. 2016. Whiteness Improvement of Citric Acid Crosslinked Cotton Fabrics: H2O2 Bleaching Under Alkaline Condition. Carbohydrate Polymers 147, 139-145.
• 8. Rani, B., Nayak, A.K., Sahu, N.K., 2022. Fundamentals Principle of Photocatalysis. In: Nanostructured Materials For Visible Light Photocatalysis. Elsevier Inc, 1-22.
• 9. Montazer, M., Pakdel, E., 2010. Reducing Photoyellowing of Wool using Nano TiO2. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 86, 255-260.
• 10. Montazer, M., Morshedi, S., 2014. Photo Bleaching of Wool using Nano TiO2 Under Daylight Irradiation. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20, 83-90.
• 11. Zare, A., 2022. Citric Acid as Environment Friendly Crease-Resistance Finishing Agent for Silk Fabric Combined by ß-cyclodextrin. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, 26(2), 238-254.
• 12. Zare, A., 2023. Application of ß-CD to Control the Release of ZnO Nanoparticles on the Silk Fabric Surface Along with Citric Acid as Eco-friendly Cross-linker. Progress in Color Colorants Coating, 16, 295-307.
• 13. Habib, S., Kishwar, F., Raza, Z.A., 2022. Citrate-mediated Impregnation of Silver Nanoparticles for Durable Antibacterial Cellulosic Fabric. Pigment & Resin Technology, Published Online.
• 14. Liu, S., Zhang, Q., Xu, Z., Yang, S., Liu, H., 2017. Surface Modification of TiO2/SiO2 Composite Hydrosol Stabilized with Polycarboxylic Acid on Kroy-process Wool Fabric. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 31(11), 1209-1228.
• 15. Lebrette, S., Pagnoux, C., Abélard, P., 2017. Stability of Aqueous TiO2 Suspensions: Influence of Ethanol. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 280, 400-408.
• 16. Yao, W., Wang, B., Ye, T., Yang Y., 2013. Durable Press Finishing of Cotton Fabrics with Citric Acid: Enhancement of Whiteness and Wrinkle Recovery by Polyol Extenders. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52, 16118-16127.